Centos 6.4编译安装LNMP-阿里云开发者社区

一、系统版本与所安装软件版本

[root@www ~]# uname -a

Linux www.test.com.cn 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@www ~]# mkdir Downloads
[root@www ~]# mkdir nginx
[root@www Downloads]# cd nginx/
[root@www nginx]# pwd
/root/Downloads/nginx

[root@www nginx]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.0.tar.gz

--2013-09-03 17:11:41--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.0.tar.gz

Resolving nginx.org... 206.251.255.63

Connecting to nginx.org|206.251.255.63|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 773451 (755K) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: ?.ginx-1.4.0.tar.gz?
[root@www php]# pwd
/root/Downloads/php

[root@www php]# wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.4.14.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

--2013-09-03 17:18:22--  http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.4.14.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

Resolving cn2.php.net... 220.181.136.36, 220.181.136.37

Connecting to cn2.php.net|220.181.136.36|:80... failed: Connection timed out.

Connecting to cn2.php.net|220.181.136.37|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found

Location: http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.14.tar.gz [following]

--2013-09-03 17:19:45--  http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.14.tar.gz

Connecting to cn2.php.net|220.181.136.37|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 15773155 (15M) [application/x-gzip]

Saving to: ?.hp-5.4.14.tar.gz?

mysql

[root@www mysql]# cd /root/Downloads/mysql/

[root@www mysql]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz

--2013-09-03 17:55:30--  http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz

Resolving cdn.mysql.com... 216.156.211.64, 216.156.211.17

Connecting to cdn.mysql.com|216.156.211.64|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 35951160 (34M) [application/x-tar-gz]

Saving to: ?.ysql-5.6.13.tar.gz?

注：自从mysql 5.5.8之后，MySQL的源码包编译安装都要用到cmake来进行编译了，编译的过程没有本质的区别，但是要直观很多.

二、安装nginx

1、安装前提：

[root@www nginx]# yum remove httpd php*
#移除己安装的httpd与php包

[root@www nginx]# yum groupinstall "Development Tools" -y
#安装Development Tools

2、解压、编译安装nginx

#到下载nginx的目录

[root@www nginx]# tar -zvxf nginx-1.4.0.tar.gz

[root@www nginx]# cd nginx-1.4.0

[root@www nginx-1.4.0]# ./configure  --prefix=/opt/nginx/

3、如果在编译过程有如下提示需要安装：pcre pcre-devel包

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module

option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library

statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

4、安装pcre包

[root@www nginx-1.4.0]# yum install pcre pcre-devel -y

5、重新编译安装

[root@www nginx-1.4.0]# ./configure  --prefix=/opt/nginx/
#编译成功后

[root@www nginx-1.4.0]#make && make install

6、启动nginx

[root@www nginx-1.4.0]# cd /opt/nginx/sbin
[root@www sbin]# ./nginx

7、测试nginx

[root@www sbin]# elinks http://127.0.0.1
#如果系统中没有elinks需要安装：

elinks-0.12-0.21.pre5.el6_3.x86_64.rpm

nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@www sbin]#yum install elink* -y

===================================到此nginx安装完毕=====================================

三、安装msyql

1、安装所需的库文件

[root@www mysql]# pwd
/root/Downloads/mysql

[root@www mysql]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel*

2、编译步骤

[root@www mysql]# mkdir -p /usr/local mysql

[root@www mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

[root@www mysql]# groupadd mysql

[root@www mysql]# useradd -g mysql mysql

[root@www mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

3、安装cmake

[root@www mysql]#yum install -y cmake

4、解压、编译mysql

[root@www mysql-5.6.13]#cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

[roo@www mysql-5.6.13]#make &&make install

参数说明:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock //指定sock文件所在的目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql //数据库存放目录
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 //安装myisam存储引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 //安装innodb存储引擎
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 //安装memory存储引擎

-DWITH_READLINE=1 //快捷键功能

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 　　//使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=utf8,gbk　　//安装utf8,gbk扩展字符集
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 //MySQL监听端口
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql //MySQL用户名

[root@www mysql]# pwd

 /usr/local/mysql

[root@www mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@www mysql]#chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db
[root@www mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/    #初始化数据库
[root@www mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql   #设置开机启动mysql

[root@www mysql]#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@www mysql]#chkconfig mysql on     #开机启动

[root@www mysql]#echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile        #将mysql的安装路径加入PATH中，方便启动mysql（重启生效）
[root@www mysql]#/etc/init.d/mysql start     #启动mysql
#可以在进程中查看mysql是否启动
[root@www mysql]#ps aux|grep mysql
#完成。
#设置一个mysql的root密码

[root@www mysql]#mysqlamdin -u root password 'mysql'

在这里我出现过一个问题：删除mysql 重新安装后会有一些错误。在编译完mysql后启动时会提示
Starting MySQL..The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/www.centostest.com.cn.pid）

注：本人是重新编译安装就没有出现此问题，有那一个大神知道具体是什么原因，请指点！
附：

具体解决方法请参照：
http://blog.rekfan.com/articles/186.html

#kill 掉mysql的进程

[root@www mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql

root      1694  0.0  0.1 108332  1508 ?        S    17:21   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/www.centostest.com.cn.pid

mysql     1809  0.1 44.8 1071940 454008 ?      Sl   17:21   0:03 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/www.centostest.com.cn.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/www.centostest.com.cn.pid

root      2299  0.0  0.0 103248   836 pts/0    S+   18:07   0:00 grep mysql

[root@www mysql]#kill -9 1694
#重新启动mysql即可

[root@www mysql]#/etc/init.d/mysql start

============================到此mysql安装完毕=========================================

三、安装php

1、解压

[root@www php]# pwd
/root/Downloads/php

[root@www php]# tar -zxvf php-5.4.14.tar.gz

2、安装依赖包

[root@www php]# yum install -y libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel openssl-devel libcurl-devel libmcrypt-devel

3、编译

[root@www php]# ls

php-5.4.14  php-5.4.14.tar.gz

[root@www php-5.4.14]#./configure --prefix=/opt/php --with-config-file-path=/opt/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-magic-quotes --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-ftp --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --with-mime-magic

在此遇到configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.问题

解决方法：

[root@www php-5.4.14]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz/download

[root@www php-5.4.14]#tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

[root@www php-5.4.14]#cd libmcrypt-2.5.8

root@www libmcrypt-2.5.8]#./configure

root@www libmcrypt-2.5.8]#make && make install

之后再重新编译，完成

[root@www libmcrypt-2.5.8]# cd ..

[root@www php-5.4.14]#pwd

/root/Download/php/php-5.4.14

[root@www php-5.4.14]# make && make install
#安装时间有点长。

编译php出错：

1、error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object 网上找到的解决办法是
适用于32位系统
[root@www php-5.4.14]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/
64位系统应使用下面
[root@www php-5.4.14]#ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/

2、 cp: cannot stat `ext/phar/phar.phar': No such file or directory
[root@www php-5.4.14]#cd ext/phar/

[root@www phar]# cp ./phar.php ./phar.phar

[root@www php-5.4.14]# make && make install

安装成功后，php的位置就应该在/opt/php目录下，接下去就是配置

[root@www php-5.4.14]# cp /root/Downloads/php/php-5.4.14/php.ini-production /opt/php/etc/php.ini

[root@www php-5.4.14]# cp /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /opt/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

[root@www php-5.4.14]# cd /opt/php/etc

[root@www etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php.ini

[root@www etc]# cd /opt/nginx/conf
#然后配置nginx的配置文件，让其可以运行php

[root@www conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf            koi-utf             nginx.conf           uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default    koi-win             nginx.conf.default   uwsgi_params.default
fastcgi_params          mime.types          scgi_params          win-utf
fastcgi_params.default  mime.types.default  scgi_params.default

[root@www conf]# vim nginx.conf

#1、去掉 #user  nobody;  的#号， 变成 user  nobody;
#2、去掉
#location ~ \.php$ {

    #    root           html;

    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;

    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

    #    include        fastcgi_params;

    #}
#之前的#号，并修改fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;为fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /opt/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;最终修改后的内容为：
location ~ \.php$ {        

            root           html;

            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

            fastcgi_index  index.php;

            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /opt/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;

            include        fastcgi_params;

        }

4、重启nginx服务，并开启php-fpm

[root@www conf]# vim nginx.conf

[root@www conf]# /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@www conf]# /opt/php/sbin/php-fpm

[root@www conf]# vim /opt/nginx/html/phpinfo.php
#内容为

    <?php

    phpinfo();
?>