apache+tomcat的架构
===================================
keepalived实现apache的高可用
在tomcat上搭建JspRun论坛
apache三种方式实现tomcat的反向代理
apache三种方式实现tomcat的负载均衡
===================================
环境：
OS：Centos 6.x(redhat 6.x)
yum源:
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[centos]
name=sohu-centos
baseurl=http:
//mirrors
.sohu.com
/centos/
$releasever
/os/
$basearch
gpgcheck=1
enable
=0
gpgkey=http:
//mirrors
.sohu.com
/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[epel]
name=sohu-epel
baseurl=http:
//mirrors
.sohu.com
/fedora-epel/
$releasever/$basearch/
enable
=1
gpgcheck=0
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拓扑图：
拓扑图的规划：
| IP 地址 |
所需安装软件 |
|
| apache1 |
Eth0:172.16.22.1 VIP1：172.16.22.100 |
Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors |
| apache2 |
Eth0:172.16.22.2 VIP1：172.16.22.100 |
Keepalived+apache+tomcat-connectors |
| tomcat1 |
Eth0:172.16.22.3 |
Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java |
| tomcat2 |
Eth0:172.16.22.4 |
Jdk+tomcat+mysql-connector-java |
| mysql1 |
Eth0:172.16.22.5 VIP2：172.16.22.200 |
Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd |
| mysql2 |
Eth0:172.16.22.6 VIP2：172.16.22.200 |
Corosync+pacemaker+Mysql+drbd |
部分软件下载
需解决的问题：
防止apache单点故障?
keepalived+apache实现apache的高可用
防止mysql单点故障?
corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd实现mysql的高可用
apache做tomcat反向代理的三种方式？
用三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪种就开启哪种的模块即可
apache做tomcat负载均衡的三种方式？
用三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，需要用哪种就开启哪种的模块且还要开启负载均衡的模块，以及负载均衡算法的模块
apache怎么连接tomcat?
mod_proxy模块
mod_proxy_ajp模块
前面两种模块直接在配置文件里面加载即可，就可以连接tomcat
mod_jk模块 用这个模块还要安装apache连接tomcat的连接器，tomcat-connectors这个软件包
tomcat怎么连接mysql?
每个连接mysql的软件包都要安装相应的连接mysql的驱动，tomcat连接mysql的驱动的软件包是mysql-connector-java
怎么实现session的会话保持？
实现session会话保持的方法有很多，tomcat自身也可以保持session，这种保持会话就是运维人员的工作了，运维人员直接在tomcat的配置文件中实现，用memcached或者redis保持session，memcached保持session有一定的缺陷，即memcached服务挂了，会话还是丢失了，但是memcached直接把session保存在内存中，所以速度可想而知，redis可以永久的保存session，这种保存session需要开发人员在开发中程序中自己定义，还有可以把session保存在数据库中，这种也是需要用程序定义，session如何保存，不同公司有不同的方法，保存在哪里还是需要运维人员和开发人员共同探讨合作。
一、每个服务器相关软件的安装
apache1上相关软件的安装：
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#================yum安装keepalived======================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# yum -y install keepalived
#================源码编译安装httpd-2.4.6================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2
[root@jie1 ~]
# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2
[root@jie1 ~]
# tar xf httpd-2.4.6.tar.bz2
#===========安装开发库，和依赖性包======================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" "Server Platform Development"
[root@jie1 ~]
# yum -y install pcre-devel
#=============编译安装apr软件===========================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# cd apr-1.4.6
[root@jie1 apr-1.4.6]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
#================编译安装apr-util软件包=================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# cd apr-util-1.5.2
[root@jie1 apr-util-1.5.2]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr && make && make install
#=================编译安装httpd的软件包================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# cd httpd-2.4.6
[root@jie1 httpd-2.4.6]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event && make && make install
#============复制源码包里面提供的httpd的SystemV脚本=====================
[root@jie1 ~]
# cp httpd-2.4.6/build/rpm/httpd.init /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
[root@jie1 ~]
# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#==============vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd =============================
prog=httpd
httpd=${HTTPD-
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-
/usr/local/apache/logs/
${prog}.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-
/var/lock/subsys/
${prog}}
RETVAL=0
# check for 1.3 configuration
check13 () {
CONFFILE=
/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd
.conf
#======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# service httpd start
Starting httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]
# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@jie1 ~]
# chkconfig httpd on
#==============编译安装使用mod_jk模块连接tomcat的连接器=================
[root@jie1 ~]
# tar xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz
[root@jie1 ~]
# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native/
[root@jie1 native]
# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs && make && make install
|
apache2：与apache1要安装相关的软件、安装方法都是一样的，这里不再赘述
tomcat1上相关软件的安装：
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[root@jie3 ~]
# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
apache-tomcat-7.0.42.
tar
.gz JspRun!_6.0.0_GBK.zip
install
.log mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.
tar
.gz
install
.log.syslog
#===================安装jdk，修改环境变量=========================
[root@jie3 ~]
# rpm -ivh jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
[root@jie3 ~]
# vim/etc/profile.d/java.sh
export
JAVA_HOME=
/usr/java/latest
export
PATH=$JAVA_HOME
/bin
:$PATH
[root@jie3 ~]
# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
#===================安装tomcat，修改环境变量=====================
[root@jie3 ~]
# tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@jie3 ~]
# cd /usr/local/
[root@jie3
local
]
#ln -sv apache-tomcat-7.0.42 tomcat
[root@jie3
local
]
# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
export
CATALINA_HOME=
/usr/local/tomcat
export
PATH=$CATALINA_HOME
/bin
:$PATH
[root@jie3
local
]
# source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
#==================安装连接mysql的驱动===========================
[root@jie3
local
]
# cd /root/
[root@jie3 ~]
# tar xf mysql-connector-java-5.1.16.tar.gz
[root@jie3 ~]
# cd mysql-connector-java-5.1.16
[root@jie3 mysql-connector-java-5.1.16]
# cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.16-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
|
tomcat2：与tomcat1安装相关的软件、安装方法都是一样的，这里也不再赘述
mysql1与mysql2就是用corosync+pacemaker+mysql+drbd实现mysql的高可用，这里不做详细的安装 请点击这里(详解mysql的高可用)
二、keepalived实现apache的高可用
apache1的配置：
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#=====================修改keepalived的配置实现httpd的高可用===========
[root@jie1 ~]
# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@jie1 keepalived]
# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File
for
keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_httpd {
script
"killall -0 httpd"
interval 0
weghit -2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 22
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.22.100
}
track_script {
chk_httpd
}
}
#====================copy配置文件到apache2上面========================
[root@jie1 keepalived]
#scp keepalived.conf 172.16.22.2:/etc/keepalived
[root@jie1 keepalived]
# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 keepalived]
# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@jie1 keepalived]
# chkconfig keepalived on
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apache2的相关配置：
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#=====================修改来着apache1的keepalived的配置文件===========
[root@jie2 ~]
# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@jie2 keepalived]
# vim keepalived.conf
state BACKUP
priority 99
[root@jie2 keepalived]
# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@jie2 keepalived]
# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@jie2 keepalived]
# chkconfig keepalived on
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测试apache的高可用：
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#=============查看vip在apache1节点上=================================
[root@jie1 conf]
# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1
/16
brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.22.100
/32
scope global eth0
#===vip为172.16.22.100==
#===========杀死httpd的服务进程，发现vip已经漂移=================
[root@jie1 conf]
# killall httpd
[root@jie1 conf]
# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1
/16
brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
#=============查看vip已经漂移到apache2节点上=======================
[root@jie2 ~]
# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1
/16
brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.22.100
/32
scope global eth0
#=======在apache1上面重新开启http服务，vip已经重新漂移到apache1上=====
[root@jie1 conf]
# service httpd start
Starting httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 conf]
# ip addr show | grep eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 172.16.22.1
/16
brd 172.16.255.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.22.100
/32
scope global eth0
[root@jie1 conf]
#
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成功测试，当apache服务的进程死掉后，vip可以漂移
三、tomcat服务器测试与mysql的连接
tomcat1的配置：
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[root@jie3 ~]
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]
# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port=
"80"
protocol=
"HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout=
"20000"
redirectPort=
"8443"
/>
#监听的端口改为了80
<Connector port=
"8009"
protocol=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort=
"8443"
/>
<Engine name=
"Catalina"
defaultHost=
"www.test.com"
>
#defaultHost把默认的localhost改为了新建的主机名
<Realm className=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"
>
<Realm className=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName=
"UserDatabase"
/>
<
/Realm
>
<Host name=
"www.test.com"
appBase=
"/tomcat/test"
unpackWARs=
"true"
autoDeploy=
"true"
>
<Context path=
""
docBase=
"/tomcat/test"
/>
#新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/test目录下
<Valve className=
"org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
directory=
"logs"
prefix=
"test_access_log."
suffix=
".txt"
pattern=
"%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b"
/>
<
/Host
>
<
/Engine
>
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]
# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:
/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:
/usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap
.jar:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli
.jar
[root@jie3 conf]
# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:
/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:
/usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap
.jar:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli
.jar
#==============创建网页根目录和测试连接数据库的网页文件===============
#===============博主只是测试了tomcat1上的，各位朋友也可以测试tomcat2上
[root@jie3 conf]
#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test
[root@jie3 conf]
# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3
test
]
# vim test.jsp
<%@ page language=
"java"
%>
<%@ page
import
=
"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
%>
<%@ page
import
=
"java.sql.*"
%>
<%
String driverName=
"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
;
String userName=
"jie"
;
String userPasswd=
"jie123"
;
String dbName=
"test"
;
String url=
"jdbc:mysql://172.16.22.200/"
+dbName+
"?user="
+userName+
"&password="
+userPasswd;
Class.forName(
"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
).newInstance();
try
{
Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection(url);
out.println(
"TomcatA, tomcat connect mysql is ok!"
);
connection.close();
}
catch( Exception e )
{
out.println(
"connent mysql error:"
+ e );
}
%>
======================================================================
#==============在mysql上授权能访问数据库的网段==============
[root@jie4 ~]
# mysql
mysql> grant all on *.* to
'jie'
@
'172.16.%.%'
identified by
'jie123'
;
mysql> flush privileges;
|
测试新建的test.jsp测试文件是否可以mysql的连接
测试tomcat连接数据库is ok！
在tomcat安装Jsprun论坛
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#=================解压论坛，把论坛的文件存放到网页存放路径中=============
[root@jie3 ~]
# unzip JspRun\!_6.0.0_GBK.zip
[root@jie3 ~]
#mkdir -pv /tomcat/bbs
[root@jie3 ~]
#cp -rp upload/* /tomcat/bbs/
[root@jie3 ~]
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]
# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port=
"80"
protocol=
"HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout=
"20000"
redirectPort=
"8443"
/>
#之前已经把监听的端口改为了80
<Connector port=
"8009"
protocol=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort=
"8443"
/>
<Engine name=
"Catalina"
defaultHost=
"www.bbs.com"
>
#defaultHost改为新建的论坛的虚拟主机名
<Realm className=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"
>
<Realm className=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName=
"UserDatabase"
/>
<
/Realm
>
<Host name=
"www.test.com"
appBase=
"/tomcat/bbs"
unpackWARs=
"true"
autoDeploy=
"true"
>
<Context path=
""
docBase=
"/tomcat/bbs"
/>
#再新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/bbs目录下
<Valve className=
"org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
directory=
"logs"
prefix=
"test_access_log."
suffix=
".txt"
pattern=
"%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b"
/>
<
/Host
>
<
/Engine
>
#===默认的虚拟主机还有www.test.com的虚拟主机的配置文件没给予显示
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]
# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:
/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:
/usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap
.jar:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli
.jar
[root@jie3 conf]
# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:
/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:
/usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap
.jar:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli
.jar
=======================================================================
#==================在数据库上面创建，Jsprun论坛的数据库=============
[root@jie4 ~]
# mysql
mysql> create database jsprun;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> grant all on jsprun.* to
'jspuser'
@
'172.16.%.%'
identified by
'jspmypass'
;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
用浏览器安装Jsprun论坛
论坛已经安装成功
四、apache三种方式实现tomcat的反向代理
1)mod_proxy
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
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[root@jie1 ~]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#==========开启相应的模块，然后添加以下参数============================
LoadModule proxy_module modules
/mod_proxy
.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules
/mod_proxy_connect
.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules
/mod_proxy_http
.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules
/mod_proxy_ajp
.so
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
<
/Proxy
>
ProxyPass / http:
//172
.16.22.3:80/
ProxyPassReverse / http:
//172
.16.22.3:80/
======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]
# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]
#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
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tomcat1&tomcat2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
两边都需要创建/tomcat/test目录和index.jsp文件
两边的配置文件都必须一样
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[root@jie3 ~]
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@jie3 conf]
# vim server.xml
#=================tomcat，server.xml的部分相关配置===================
<Connector port=
"80"
protocol=
"HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout=
"20000"
redirectPort=
"8443"
/>
#监听的端口改为了80
<Connector port=
"8009"
protocol=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectPort=
"8443"
/>
<Engine name=
"Catalina"
defaultHost=
"www.test.com"
>
#defaultHost把默认的localhost改为了新建的主机名
<Realm className=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"
>
<Realm className=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName=
"UserDatabase"
/>
<
/Realm
>
<Host name=
"www.test.com"
appBase=
"/tomcat/test"
unpackWARs=
"true"
autoDeploy=
"true"
>
<Context path=
""
docBase=
"/tomcat/test"
/>
#新建了一个虚拟主机，站点和网页文件存放在/tomcat/test目录下
<Valve className=
"org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
directory=
"logs"
prefix=
"test_access_log."
suffix=
".txt"
pattern=
"%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b"
/>
<
/Host
>
<
/Engine
>
================================部分配置文件==========================
#=========利用catalina重启tomcat===========================
[root@jie3 conf]
# catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:
/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:
/usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap
.jar:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli
.jar
[root@jie3 conf]
# catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:
/usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR:
/usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:
/usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap
.jar:
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli
.jar
#==============创建网页根目录和测试连接数据库的网页文件===============
[root@jie3 conf]
#mkdir -pv /tomcat/test
[root@jie3 conf]
# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3
test
]
# vim index.jsp
#=============测试页面==============================================
<%@ page language=
"java"
%>
<%@ page
import
=
"java.util.*"
%>
<html>
<
head
>
<title>JSP
test
page.<
/title
>
<
/head
>
<body>
<% out.println(
"Hello,tomcat1,jie3!"
); %>
<
/body
>
<
/html
>
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博主只测试了tomcat1的反向代理
2)mod_proxy_ajp
apache1&apache2的配置：
只需小小修改apache的配置文件中
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[root@jie1 ~]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#==========开启相应的模块，然后添加以下参数============================
LoadModule proxy_module modules
/mod_proxy
.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules
/mod_proxy_connect
.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules
/mod_proxy_http
.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules
/mod_proxy_ajp
.so
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
<
/Proxy
>
ProxyPass / ajp:
//172
.16.22.4:8009/
ProxyPassReverse / ajp:
//172
.16.22.4:8009/
======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]
# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]
#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
|
tomcat
博主只测试了tomcat2的反向代理
3)mod_jk
之前已经说过，apache要使用mod_jk模块做tomcat的反向代理则必须安装连接tomcat的连接器，连接器已经安装
apache1&apache2的配置：
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[root@jie1 ~]
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=========注释掉之前开启的模块，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模块添加的内容也注释掉，只添加一句=====================
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
Include
/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk
.conf
[root@jie1 extra]
# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules
/mod_jk
.so
JkWorkersFile
/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers
.properties
JkLogFile logs
/mod_jk
.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* TomcatA
JkMount
/status/
stat1
[root@jie1 extra]
# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.list=TomcatA,stat1
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.
type
=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.stat1.
type
= status
[root@jie1 extra]
#
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[root@jie1 ~]
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule proxy_module modules
/mod_proxy
.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules
/mod_proxy_connect
.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules
/mod_proxy_http
.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules
/mod_proxy_ajp
.so
#=========
Include
/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk
.conf
[root@jie1 extra]
# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules
/mod_jk
.so
JkWorkersFile
/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers
.properties
JkLogFile logs
/mod_jk
.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* TomcatA
JkMount
/status/
stat1
[root@jie1 extra]
# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.list=TomcatA,stat1
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.host=172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.
type
=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.stat1.
type
= status
[root@jie1 extra]
#
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tomcat
测试mod_jk模式为tomcat1反向代理
自此apache三种方式实现反向代理已经ok了
五、apache三种方式实现tomcat的负载均衡
三种反向代理与三种负载均衡都是以这三种模块mod_proxy、mod_proxy_ajp、mod_jk，只不过每种方式都需要用到负载均衡的模块
1)mod_proxy
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
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[root@jie1 ~]
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=======================开启这些模块，和添加以下内容===================
LoadModule proxy_module modules
/mod_proxy
.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules
/mod_proxy_connect
.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules
/mod_proxy_http
.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules
/mod_proxy_ajp
.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules
/mod_proxy_balancer
.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules
/mod_proxy_express
.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules
/mod_slotmem_shm
.so
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer:
//jie
>
BalancerMember ajp:
//172
.16.22.3:8009/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember ajp:
//172
.16.22.4:8009/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
<
/proxy
>
ProxyPass / balancer:
//jie/
stickysession=jsessionid
ProxyPassReverse / balancer:
//jie/
=======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]
# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]
#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
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tomcat
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#==================tomcat1的配置文件修改=================================
[root@jie3 conf]
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Engine name=
"Catalina"
defaultHost=
"www.test.com"
jvmRoute=
"TomcatA"
>
#==================tomcat2的配置文件修改================================
[root@jie4 conf]
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Engine name=
"Catalina"
defaultHost=
"www.test.com"
jvmRoute=
"TomcatB"
>
|
测试mod_proxy的负载均衡
1)mod_proxy_ajp
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
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[root@jie1 ~]
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=======================开启这些模块，和添加以下内容===================
LoadModule proxy_module modules
/mod_proxy
.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules
/mod_proxy_connect
.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules
/mod_proxy_http
.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules
/mod_proxy_ajp
.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules
/mod_proxy_balancer
.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules
/mod_proxy_express
.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules
/mod_slotmem_shm
.so
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy balancer:
//jie
>
BalancerMember http:
//172
.16.22.3:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember http:
//172
.16.22.4:80/ loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB
ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
<
/Proxy
>
ProxyPass / balancer:
//jie/
ProxyPassReverse / balancer:
//jie/
<Proxy *>
Require all granted
<
/Proxy
>
<Location / >
Require all granted
<
/Location
>
=======================================================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]
# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
[root@jie1 ~]
#scp /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 172.16.22.2:/ /usr/local/apache/conf/ #把配置文件copy到apache2上
|
tomcat
测试mod_proxy_ajp模块的负载均衡
3)mod_jk
apache1&apache2上的配置：两边的配置都是一样
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[root@jie1 ~]
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@jie1 conf]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
#=========注释掉一些之前开启的模块，然后添加把之前用mod_proxy的模块添加的内容也注释掉，只添加一句=====================
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules
/mod_proxy_balancer
.so
LoadModule proxy_express_module modules
/mod_proxy_express
.so
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules
/mod_slotmem_shm
.so
LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules
/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic
.so
Include
/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk
.conf
[root@jie1 extra]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-jk.conf
========================================
LoadModule jk_module modules
/mod_jk
.so
JkWorkersFile
/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers
.properties
JkLogFile logs
/mod_jk
.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* jie
JkMount
/jkstatus/
stat1
========================================
[root@jie1 extra]
# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
========================================
worker.list = jie,stat1
worker.TomcatA.
type
= ajp13
worker.TomcatA.host = 172.16.22.3
worker.TomcatA.port = 8009
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 5
worker.TomcatB.
type
= ajp13
worker.TomcatB.host = 172.16.22.4
worker.TomcatB.port = 8009
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 5
worker.jie.
type
= lb
worker.jie.method = R
worker.jie.sticky_session = 0
worker.jie.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB
worker.stat1.
type
= status
========================================
[root@jie1 ~]
# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@jie1 ~]
# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd: [ OK ]
#==================可以把修改的这些文件复制到apache2上=================
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tomcat
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[root@jie3 conf]
# cd /tomcat/test/
[root@jie3
test
]
# vim session.jsp
#=======================session的测试页面==============================
<%@ page language=
"java"
%>
<html>
<
head
><title>TomcatA<
/title
><
/head
>
<body>
<h1><font color=
"green"
>TomcatA <
/font
><
/h1
>
<table align=
"centre"
border=
"1"
>
<
tr
>
<td>Session ID<
/td
>
<% session.setAttribute(
"abc"
,
"abc"
); %>
<td><%= session.getId() %><
/td
>
<
/tr
>
<
tr
>
<td>Created on<
/td
>
<td><%= session.getCreationTime() %><
/td
>
<
/tr
>
<
/table
>
<
/body
>
<
/html
>
========================================================================
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测试mod_jk模块的负载均衡
补充：
在apache1&apache2修改配置文件的这个参数
[root@jie1 extra]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties
worker.jie.sticky_session = 0 #实现将用户session与某worker绑定
此参数设置以后，来着同一个IP的访问一段时间内始终代理给后端的同一个tomcat上
测试结果：
本文转自 jie783213507 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/litaotao/1303981，如需转载请自行联系原作者
