一、简介
Graphite 是一个Python写的web应用，采用django框架，Graphite用来进行收集服务器所有的及时状态，用户请求信息，Memcached命中率，RabbitMQ消息服务器的状态，Unix操作系统的负载状态，Graphite服务器大约每分钟需要有4800次更新操作，Graphite采用简单的文本协议和绘图功能可以方便地使用在任何操作系统上。
graphite有三个组件：
graphite-web：web接口
carbon：相当于network interface
whisper：相当于rrdtool
graphite官方文档：
http://graphite.wikidot.com/documentation
http://graphite.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
二、安装graphite
1、安装epel源
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3
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rpm
-
ivh http:
/
/
dl.fedoraproject.org
/
pub
/
epel
/
6
/
x86_64
/
epel
-
release
-
6
-
8.noarch
.rpm
sed
-
i
's@^#@@'
/
etc
/
yum.repos.d
/
epel.repo
sed
-
i
's@mirrorlist@#mirrorlist@'
/
etc
/
yum.repos.d
/
epel.repo
|
2、安装适应版本的Django软件包，版本过高会出现bug
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2
3
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yum install python
-
simplejson
wget https:
/
/
kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org
/
/
packages
/
Django14
/
1.4
.
14
/
1.el6
/
noarch
/
Django14
-
1.4
.
14
-
1.el6
.noarch.rpm
rpm
-
ivh Django14
-
1.4
.
14
-
1.el6
.noarch.rpm
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3、安装graphite
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yum install graphite
-
web python
-
carbon python
-
whisper
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4、安装MySQL数据库
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yum install mysql mysql
-
server MySQL
-
python
service mysqld start
chkconfig mysqld on
mysqladmin
-
uroot password
123456
mysql
-
uroot
-
p123456
-
e
'create database graphite;'
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5、修改graphite配置文件
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# cat >> /etc/graphite-web/local_settings.py << EOF
SECRET_KEY
=
'123qwe'
ALLOWED_HOSTS
=
[
'*'
]
TIME_ZONE
=
'Asia/Shanghai'
DEBUG
=
True
DATABASES
=
{
'default'
: {
'NAME'
:
'graphite'
,
'ENGINE'
:
'django.db.backends.mysql'
,
'USER'
:
'root'
,
'PASSWORD'
:
'123456'
,
'HOST'
:
'127.0.0.1'
,
'PORT'
:
'3306'
}
}
from
graphite.app_settings
import
*
EOF
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6、同步数据库
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mkdir
-
p
/
opt
/
graphite
/
storage
cd
/
etc
/
graphite
-
web
/
django
-
admin syncdb
-
-
settings
=
local_settings
-
-
pythonpath
=
.
yes
root
zhengys@allentuns.com
123456
123456
|
7、修改graphite数据目录
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chown
-
R apache.apache
/
opt
/
graphite
/
storage
|
8、启动服务
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/
etc
/
init.d
/
carbon
-
cache start
chkconfig carbon
-
cache on
/
etc
/
init.d
/
httpd start
chkconfig httpd on
|
三、访问展示graphite
1、Chrome浏览器访问Ghipte的地址：
2、提供监控网卡流量的脚本
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[root@Allentuns ~]
# cat network_traffic.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
from
subprocess
import
Popen,PIPE
import
socket
import
shlex
import
time
import
sys
import
os
def
get_traffic(f):
p
=
Popen(shlex.split(f),stdout
=
PIPE,stderr
=
PIPE)
result
=
p.stdout.read()
d
=
[i
for
i
in
result.split(
'\n'
)[
3
:]
if
i]
dic_traffic
=
{}
for
i
in
d:
devname
=
i.split(
':'
)[
0
].strip()
Receive
=
i.split(
':'
)[
1
].split()[
0
].strip()
Transmit
=
i.split(
':'
)[
1
].split()[
8
].strip()
dic_traffic[devname]
=
{
'in'
:Receive,
'out'
:Transmit}
return
dic_traffic
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
try
:
HOST
=
'127.0.0.1'
PORT
=
2003
s
=
socket.socket()
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
except
:
print
"Couldn't connect to %(server)s on port %(port)d, is carbon-agent.py running?"
%
{'server
':HOST,'
port':PORT}
sys.exit(
1
)
while
True
:
cur_traffic
=
get_traffic(
'cat /proc/net/dev'
)
time.sleep(
5
)
five_s_traffic
=
get_traffic(
'cat /proc/net/dev'
)
diff_dic
=
{}
for
k
in
cur_traffic:
traffic_in
=
int
(five_s_traffic[k][
'in'
])
-
int
(cur_traffic[k][
'in'
])
traffic_out
=
int
(five_s_traffic[k][
'out'
])
-
int
(cur_traffic[k][
'out'
])
diff_dic[k]
=
{
'in'
:traffic_in,
'out'
:traffic_out}
now
=
int
(time.time())
for
k,v
in
diff_dic.items():
net_in
=
'network.%s_in %s %s\n'
%
(k,v[
'in'
],now)
net_out
=
'network.%s_out %s %s\n'
%
(k,v[
'out'
],now)
s.sendall(net_in)
s.sendall(net_out)
time.sleep(
5
)
|
3、后台方式运行监控网卡流量脚本
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|
[root@Allentuns ~]
# python network_traffic.py &
|
四、安装Diamond
diamond ：搜集器、用于搜集数据
diamond的github官方站点：https://github.com/python-diamond/Diamond/wiki
1、安装Diamond
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yum install gcc gcc
-
c
+
+
python
-
configobj python
-
pip python
-
devel
pip install diamond
=
=
3.4
.
421
(有时候会安装不成功)
如果下载安装不成功可以使用以下方式进行
wget https:
/
/
pypi.python.org
/
packages
/
source
/
d
/
diamond
/
diamond
-
3.4
.
421.tar
.gz
#md5=080ab9f52a154d81f16a4fd27d11093a
tar xf diamond
-
3.4
.
421.tar
.gz
cd diamond
-
3.4
.
421
python setup.py install
|
2、配置
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cd
/
etc
/
diamond
/
cp diamond.conf.example diamond.conf
主要修改三个配置文件：
[root@Allentuns diamond]
# vim /etc/diamond/diamond.conf
`GraphiteHandler`
/
/
59
行
host
=
localhost
`default`
/
/
173
行
interval
=
10
/
/
时间搜集一次
[root@Allentuns diamond]
# vim /etc/diamond/handlers/ArchiveHandler.conf
#log_file = ./storage/archive.log //注释此行
[root@Allentuns diamond]
# vim /etc/diamond/handlers/GraphiteHandler.conf
host
=
localhost
|
3、启动diamond服务
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chmod
+
x
/
etc
/
init.d
/
diamond
/
etc
/
init.d
/
diamond start
chkconfig diamond on
|
五、继续访问展示diamond自动采集信息
1、Chrome浏览器访问Ghipte的地址：
你会发现在Graphite下多了一个servers的目录，这个目录就是diamond自动采集的信息
2、在这里提供了两个python脚本，用来搜集web站点的httpcode，是基于diamond的方式
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[root@Allentuns ~]
# cd /usr/share/diamond/collectors
[root@Allentuns collectors]
# mkdir httpcode && cd $_
[root@Allentuns httpcode]
# ll
总用量
8
-
rwxr
-
xr
-
x
1
root root
1356
3
月
31
11
:
12
filerev.py
-
rwxr
-
xr
-
x
1
root root
3737
3
月
31
11
:
12
httpcode.py
|
3、运行搜集httpcode的脚本
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首先删除原来diamond生成的servers目录
[root@Allentuns httpcode]
# rm -rf /var/lib/carbon/whisper/servers/
然后手动运行diamond的httpcode脚本
[root@Allentuns httpcode]
# diamond -f -l -r ./httpcode.py -c /etc/diamond/diamond.conf
ERROR: Pidfile exists. Server already running?
#需要手动停止diamond服务
[root@Allentuns httpcode]
# /etc/init.d/diamond stop
Stopping diamond: [确定]
[root@Allentuns httpcode]
# diamond -f -l -r ./httpcode.py -c /etc/diamond/diamond.conf
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
198
] [MainThread] Changed UID:
0
() GID:
0
().
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
198
] [MainThread] Loaded Handler: diamond.handler.graphite.GraphiteHandler
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
201
] [MainThread] GraphiteHandler: Established connection to graphite server localhost:
2003.
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
202
] [MainThread] Loaded Handler: diamond.handler.archive.ArchiveHandler
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
206
] [MainThread] Loading Collectors
from
: .
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
209
] [MainThread] Loaded Module: httpcode
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
209
] [MainThread] Loaded Collector: httpcode.HttpCodeCollector
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
209
] [MainThread] Initialized Collector: HttpCodeCollector
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
210
] [MainThread] Skipped loading disabled Collector: HttpCodeCollector
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
56
,
210
] [MainThread] Started task scheduler.
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
13
:
57
,
211
] [MainThread] Stopping task scheduler.
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
14
:
01
,
217
] [MainThread] Stopped task scheduler.
[
2015
-
03
-
31
11
:
14
:
01
,
217
] [MainThread] Exiting.
如果没有报错，则查看浏览器会发现多了一个servers目录；但是当时目录就是没有生成，我还真纳闷了。原来在配置文件中没有启动此配置
[root@Allentuns httpcode]
# vim httpcode.py
......
config
=
super
(HttpCodeCollector,
self
).get_default_config()
config.update({
'path'
:
'weblog'
,
'enabled'
:
'True'
#开启此选项
})
如果用diamond来搜集，则无需此选项，因为diamond有针对类的配置文件，在配置文件中开启会比在脚本中开启看起来更统一
|
4、在脚本中关闭，在diamond中的配置文件中自动启用此选项
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# cd /etc/diamond/collectors/
# cp CPUCollector.conf HttpCodeCollector.conf
# cat HttpCodeCollector.conf
byte_unit = byte,
enabled =
true
|
5、浏览器查看
Chrome刷新Ghipte的web页面，查看
Ghipte -> servers -> ec2-54-201-82-69 -> weblog(自定义) -> http 会出现以下监控曲线图
我们可以使用ab -c 100 -n 100 http://localhost/ 产生200状态码
使用刷新Ghipte的浏览器页面产生304的状态码
另外补充一个截图
目前主流的开源监控有Cacti、Nagios、Zabbix等等，社区活跃，功能强大
Graphite虽然在功能上和社区在无法与此对比，但是在灵活度上还是值得一提的，轻量级的监控程序，更为重要的是Graphite是Python编写的，所以在问题排查，脚本编写等都会非常顺手
同样也非常感谢更多Python开源者的贡献！！！
本文转自zys467754239 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/467754239/1626736，如需转载请自行联系原作者
