关于FPM的介绍
https://docs.google.com/present/view?id=0Aa9liCTsAyzRZGNtd3dkOTRfMTdmczY2azlkcg&hl=en
FPM功能简单说就是将一种类型的包转换成另一种类型。
支持的源类型包:“dir”:将目录打包成所需要的类型,可以用于源码编译安装的软件包
“rpm”:对rpm进行转换
“gem”:对rubygem包进行转换
“python”:将python模块打包成相应的类型
支持的目标类型包:
“rpm”:转换为rpm包
“deb”:转换为deb包
“solaris”:转换为solaris包
“puppet”:转换为puppet模块
这里主要介绍如何将源码安装的包转换为RPM/DEB包,其他功能感兴趣的可以试试。
安装环境:
系统Centos6.5 64位,默认的ruby为1.8.7版本;
封装mysql5.6.29二进制安装包;
FPM安装
FPM的安装非常简单,安装FPM前需要先安装ruby,rubygem
# FPM是Ruby模块
1
|
yum -y
install
ruby rubygems ruby-devel
|
#移除原生的Ruby仓库, 添加淘宝的Ruby仓库:
1
2
|
gem sources --add https:
//gems
.ruby-china.org/ --remove
https:
//rubygems
.org/
|
#查看系统默认的ruby源:
1
2
3
4
|
[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]
# gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http:
//rubygems
.org/
https:
//gems
.ruby-china.org/
|
#移除原生的Ruby仓库, 添加淘宝的Ruby仓库:
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
gem sources --add https:
//gems
.ruby-china.org/ --remove https:
//rubygems
.org/
[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]
# gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/
http:
//rubygems
.org/ removed from sources
[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]
# gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https:
//gems
.ruby-china.org/
|
#安装Fpm软件包
报错如下:
1
2
3
4
5
|
[root@localhost data]
# gem install fpm #时间较久,然后还报了错
Building native extensions. This could take a
while
...
Building native extensions. This could take a
while
...
ERROR: Error installing fpm:
ruby-xz requires Ruby version >= 1.9.3.
|
#处理办法:卸载系统自带的ruby软件包版本:
1
|
yum remove ruby -y
|
ruby官网下载高于1.9.3的ruby软件包进行安装:
#安装编译软件gcc make
1
|
yum
install
gcc
make
-y
|
#编译安装三部曲:
1
2
3
|
tar
zxf ruby-2.1.10.
tar
.gz
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/ruby2
.1
make
-j 4 &&
make
install
|
#添加环境变量:
1
2
|
# cat /etc/profile.d/ruby2.1.sh
export
PATH=$PATH:
/usr/local/ruby2
.1
/bin
|
#查看ruby版本:
1
2
3
|
[root@localhost ~]
# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]
# ruby -v
ruby 2.1.10p492 (2016-04-01 revision 54464) [x86_64-linux]
|
报错如下:
1
2
|
[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]
# gem install fpm
-
bash
:
/usr/bin/gem
: No such
file
or directory
|
处理办法:安装依赖;
1
|
yum
install
rubygems
|
继续安装fpm报错如下:
1
2
3
|
# gem install fpm
ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::Exception)
Unable to require openssl,
install
OpenSSL and rebuild ruby (preferred) or use non-HTTPS sources
|
处理办法:安装依赖;
1
2
|
# yum install openssl
#yum install rpm-build
|
当然看到这个报错的时候,第一反应openssl和rpmbuild库没装,yum install openssl rpm-build,发现报错依旧,紧接看网上的文档编译zlib,我当然没这么干。
再次安装依旧报错,处理办法:修改源:放弃https 使用http;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
[root@localhost ~]
# gem sources -a http://gems.ruby-china.org
http:
//gems
.ruby-china.org added to sources
[root@localhost ~]
# gem source --remove https://gems.ruby-china.org
https:
//gems
.ruby-china.org removed from sources
[root@localhost ~]
# gem source -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http:
//rubygems
.org/
http:
//gems
.ruby-china.org
|
#再次安装发现就没问题;这个安装很耗时,时间很久。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
|
[root@localhost bin]
# gem install fpm
Fetching: archive-
tar
-minitar-0.5.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed archive-
tar
-minitar-0.5.2
Fetching: cabin-0.9.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cabin-0.9.0
Fetching: arr-pm-0.0.10.gem (100%)
Successfully installed arr-pm-0.0.10
Fetching: backports-3.6.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed backports-3.6.8
Fetching: ffi-1.9.18.gem (100%)
Building native extensions. This could take a
while
...
Successfully installed ffi-1.9.18
Fetching: childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1
Fetching: clamp-1.0.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed clamp-1.0.1
Fetching: dotenv-2.2.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed dotenv-2.2.0
Fetching: insist-1.0.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed insist-1.0.0
Fetching: mustache-0.99.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed mustache-0.99.8
Fetching: stud-0.0.22.gem (100%)
Successfully installed stud-0.0.22
Fetching: pleaserun-0.0.28.gem (100%)
Successfully installed pleaserun-0.0.28
Fetching: io-like-0.3.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed io-like-0.3.0
Fetching: ruby-xz-0.2.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed ruby-xz-0.2.3
Fetching: fpm-1.8.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed fpm-1.8.1
Parsing documentation
for
archive-
tar
-minitar-0.5.2
Installing ri documentation
for
archive-
tar
-minitar-0.5.2
Parsing documentation
for
arr-pm-0.0.10
Installing ri documentation
for
arr-pm-0.0.10
Parsing documentation
for
backports-3.6.8
Installing ri documentation
for
backports-3.6.8
Parsing documentation
for
cabin-0.9.0
Installing ri documentation
for
cabin-0.9.0
Parsing documentation
for
childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1
Installing ri documentation
for
childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1
Parsing documentation
for
clamp-1.0.1
Installing ri documentation
for
clamp-1.0.1
Parsing documentation
for
dotenv-2.2.0
Installing ri documentation
for
dotenv-2.2.0
Parsing documentation
for
ffi-1.9.18
Installing ri documentation
for
ffi-1.9.18
Parsing documentation
for
fpm-1.8.1
Installing ri documentation
for
fpm-1.8.1
Parsing documentation
for
insist-1.0.0
Installing ri documentation
for
insist-1.0.0
Parsing documentation
for
io-like-0.3.0
Installing ri documentation
for
io-like-0.3.0
Parsing documentation
for
mustache-0.99.8
Installing ri documentation
for
mustache-0.99.8
Parsing documentation
for
pleaserun-0.0.28
Installing ri documentation
for
pleaserun-0.0.28
Parsing documentation
for
ruby-xz-0.2.3
Installing ri documentation
for
ruby-xz-0.2.3
Parsing documentation
for
stud-0.0.22
Installing ri documentation
for
stud-0.0.22
Done installing documentation
for
archive-
tar
-minitar, arr-pm, backports, cabin, childprocess, clamp, dotenv, ffi, fpm, insist, io-like, mustache, pleaserun, ruby-xz, stud after 8 seconds
15 gems installed
You have new mail
in
/var/spool/mail/root
|
二进制安装干净的Mysql环境,二进制安装速度很快:
#创建mysql数据存储目录
1
|
mkdir
/data/mysqldata
|
#添加mysql用户和mysql组
1
2
3
|
groupadd -r mysql
useradd
-g mysql -r -s
/sbin/nologin
-M -d
/data/mysqldata
mysql
chown
-R mysql:mysql
/data/mysqldata
|
#初始化Mysql安装Mysql:
#创建mysql启动脚本
1
2
|
cp
/data/mysql/support-files/mysql
.server
/etc/init
.d
/mysqld
chmod
777
/etc/init
.d
/mysqld
|
#修改/etc/init.d/mysqld内容,内容如下:
1
2
|
#basedir=/data/mysql
#datadir=/data/mysqldata
|
#加入系统库核系统变量
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
ln
-sv
/data/mysql/include
/usr/include/mysql
echo
'/data/mysql/lib'
>
/etc/ld
.so.conf.d
/mysql
.conf
ldconfig
echo
'export PATH=/data/mysql/bin/:$PATH'
>
/etc/profile
.d
/mysql
.sh
source
/etc/profile
service mysqld start
|
如图,安装完成stopmysql服务,开始封装Mysql rpm包:
#开始封装Mysql Rpm包:
1
2
|
[root@localhost tmp]
# fpm -s dir -t rpm -v 5.6.29 -n mysql --before-install /tmp/before.sh --after-install /tmp/after.sh --after-remove /tmp/remove.sh -d 'libaio' /data/mysql/ /data/mysqldata/ /etc/init.d/mysqld
Created package {:path=>
"mysql-5.6.29-1.x86_64.rpm"
}
|
如图:
封装的时间较久
注意:运行脚本的参数一定要在封装目录之前,否则会报错的。
Fpm的参数选项:
-n 自定义软件包的名称
-C fpm去哪个目录搜寻文件
-v 生成的rpm包的版本
-d 生成的rpm包依赖什么软件,通常为-d 'name' 或者-d 'name > version'
-a 系统架构名称,如果是noarch则为'-a all'或者'-a native'
--description 软件包的描述
--conflicts 与其他什么软件包冲突n
-f 第二次打包时目录下如果有同名安装包存在,则覆盖它
-p 输出的安装包的目录,不想放在当前目录下就需要指定
--post-install 软件包安装完成之后所要运行的脚本;同--after-install
--pre-install 软件包安装完成之前所要运行的脚本;同--before-install
--post-uninstall 软件包卸载完成之后所要运行的脚本;同--after-remove
--pre-uninstall 软件包卸载完成之前所要运行的脚本;同--before-remove
#安装之前的要执行的脚本:
#安装之后要执行的脚本:
#卸载Rpm包后要执行的脚本:
#cpoy到一台全新的机器测试:
到此封装制作完成,感兴趣的朋友可以自己动手尝试下。