一、安装xtrabackup工具
安装方法见：xtrabackup安装
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# wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.1/binary/tarball/percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
# mv percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz* percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
# mv percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64 /usr/bin
# cd /usr/bin
# mv percona-xtrabackup-2.4.1-Linux-x86_64 xtrabackup
# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin/xtrabackup/bin' >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
# yum -y install libaio
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二、配置备份脚本
1.拷贝mysql_backup_shell到mysql业务服务器目录，比如：/data/backup_shell/mysql_backup_shell
2.进入拷贝后mysql_backup_shell所在目录， 然后执行chmod 777 mysql_backup.sh
3.修改backup.conf
需要修改的项：
mysql_conf_file=/usr/local/meb/my.cnf.3309 #mysql cnf文件路径
user=root #mysql连接用户名
port=3309 #端口号
host=127.0.0.1 #mysql ip
password= #密码,可以为空
socket=/data0/mysql/3309/mysql.sock #mysql socket
backup_dir=/root/workspace/mysqlbackup/ #全备份后文件存放目录
full_backup_month_day=29 #全备份在每月哪天进行， 29代表本月29号进行全备份
is_tar_full=1 #取值为0或1，为1表示会压缩全备份目录，并且删除全备份目录，而保留全备份目录压缩后tar.gz文件。 取0不压缩，保留全备份目录。
PS: 除上面这些项，其他项一般不需要修改。
4.利用crontab配置定时任务（每天23:59开始备份）
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#crontab -e
59 23 * * * YourPath
/mysql_backup_shell/mysql_backup
.sh >
/tmp/monitor
.log 2>&1
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YourPath指解压缩后目录存放的路径，比如/data/backup_shell
5.命令行运行脚本
第一种运行方式
> ./mysql_backup.sh
根据backup.conf文件里面full_backup_month_day值， 和当天日期比较， 如果相同执行全备份；如果不相同执行增量备份。
第二种运行方式
mysql_backup.sh提供一个参数-t，方便测试和出错后手动启动备份使用。
./mysql_backup.sh -t full #会进行全备份
./mysql_backup.sh -t inc #会进行增量份
说明：
1.每个月执行一次全备份，具体哪天由backup.conf文件里面full_backup_month_day项控制。
2.每天23:59执行增量备份
3.每次全备份前会删除上个月全备份和增量备份的文件， 换句话：只会持续保持一个月的数据内容。
4.增量备份基于上次的增量备份进行， 除全备以后第一次增量备份， 其余都基于上次增量备份目录进行。
三、脚本
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# xtrabackup backup shell
# Date : 2016-03-23
source
/etc/profile
work_dir=`
dirname
$0`
cd
$work_dir
#获取配置文件中配置项的值
conf_file=$work_dir
/backup
.conf
user=`
sed
'/^user=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
password=`
sed
'/^password=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
mysql_conf_file=`
sed
'/^mysql_conf_file=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
port=`
sed
'/^port=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
# mysql host
host=`
sed
'/^host=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
# mysql socket
mysql_socket=`
sed
'/^socket=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
backup_dir=`
sed
'/^backup_dir=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
full_backup_month_day=`
sed
'/^full_backup_month_day=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
full_backup_prefix=`
sed
'/^full_backup_prefix=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
increment_prefix=`
sed
'/^increment_prefix=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
mysql_conf_file=`
sed
'/^mysql_conf_file=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
error_log_name=`
sed
'/^error_log=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
index_file_name=`
sed
'/^index_file=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
is_tar_full=`
sed
'/^is_tar_full=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
#获取当前时间
backup_date=`
date
+%F`
backup_time=`
date
+%H-%M-%S`
backup_month_day=`
date
+%d`
#获取日志和错误文件所在目录
log_dir=$work_dir
/log
var_dir=$work_dir
/var
#日志和错误文件路径
error_log=$log_dir/$error_log_name
index_file=$var_dir/$index_file_name
mkdir
-p $backup_dir
mkdir
-p $log_dir
mkdir
-p $var_dir
#调用xtrabckup进行全量备份
function
full_backup() {
backup_folder=${full_backup_prefix}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
echo
"backup_folder: $backup_folder"
mkdir
-p $backup_dir/$backup_folder
echo
"xtrabackup --defaults-file=$mysql_conf_file --user=$user --password=$password --port=$port --socket=$mysql_socket --backup --no-lock --target-dir=$backup_dir/$backup_folder > $log_dir/${backup_folder}.log"
xtrabackup \
--defaults-
file
=$mysql_conf_file \
--user=$user \
--password=$password \
--port=$port \
--socket=$mysql_socket \
--backup \
--no-lock \
--target-
dir
=$backup_dir/$backup_folder > $log_dir/${backup_folder}.log 2>&1
return
$?
}
#调用xtrabckup进行增量备份
function
increment_backup() {
backup_folder=${increment_prefix}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
echo
"index_file : $index_file"
incr_base_folder=`
sed
-n
'$p'
$index_file | \
awk
-F
'[, {}]*'
'{print $3}'
| \
awk
-F
':'
'{print $2}'
`
echo
"backup_folder: $backup_folder"
echo
"incr_base_folder: $incr_base_folder"
mkdir
-p $backup_dir/$backup_folder
echo
"xtrabackup --defaults-file=$mysql_conf_file --user=$user --password=$password --port=$port --socket=$mysql_socket --backup --no-lock --target-dir=$backup_dir/$backup_folder --incremental-basedir=$backup_dir/$incr_base_folder > $log_dir/${backup_folder}.log"
xtrabackup \
--defaults-
file
=$mysql_conf_file \
--user=$user \
--password=$password \
--port=$port \
--socket=$mysql_socket \
--backup \
--no-lock \
--target-
dir
=$backup_dir/$backup_folder \
--incremental-basedir=$backup_dir/$incr_base_folder > $log_dir/${backup_folder}.log 2>&1
return
$?
}
#根据索引文件记录的恢复记录， 删除备份目录
function
delete_before_backup() {
if
[ ! -n
"`cat $index_file`"
];
then
return
fi
cat
$index_file |
awk
-F
'[, {}]*'
'{print $3}'
| \
awk
-
v
backup_dir=$backup_dir -F
':'
'{if($2!=""){printf("rm -rf %s/%s\n", backup_dir, $2)}}'
| \
/bin/bash
cat
$index_file |
awk
-F
'[, {}]*'
'{print $3}'
| \
awk
-
v
log_dir=$log_dir -F
':'
'{if($2!=""){printf("rm -rf %s/%s.log\n", log_dir, $2)}}'
| \
/bin/bash
}
#备份索引文件
function
backup_index_file() {
cp
$index_file ${index_file}_$(
date
-d
"1 day ago"
+%F)
}
function
send_index_file_to_remote() {
echo
'send index file ok'
}
#写入索引日志
function
append_index_to_file() {
echo
"{week_day:$backup_month_day, \
dir
:${1}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}, \
type
:${1}, \
date
:${backup_date}}" >> $index_file
}
#写入解压日志
function
append_tar_index_to_file() {
echo
"{week_day:$backup_month_day, \
dir
:${1}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}.
tar
.gz, \
type
:${1}, \
date
:${backup_date}}" >> $index_file
}
#记录错误日志
function
logging_backup_err() {
echo
"{week_day:$backup_month_day, \
dir
:${1}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}, \
type
:${1}, \
date
:${backup_date}}" >> $error_log
}
#清除索引文件
function
purge_index_from_file() {
> $index_file
}
#清除错误日志
function
purge_err_log() {
> $error_log
}
#压缩全备份目录
function
tar_backup_file() {
tar_file=${1}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
tar
-C $backup_dir -zcvf $backup_dir/${tar_file}.
tar
.gz ${tar_file}
echo
"tar $1 ok"
}
function
send_backup_to_remote() {
echo
"send $1 remote ok"
}
#获取恢复的类型，返回类型：0:full, 1:inc
# 0:full, 1:incr
function
get_backup_type() {
full_backup_month_day=`
sed
'/^full_backup_month_day=/!d;s/.*=//'
$conf_file`
backup_type=0
if
[
"${full_backup_month_day}_x"
==
"${backup_month_day}_x"
];
then
backup_type=0
else
backup_type=1
fi
if
[ ! -n
"`cat $index_file`"
];
then
backup_type=0
fi
return
$backup_type
}
#检测配置文件各项数据合法性
function
test_conf_file() {
if
[ ! -n
"$user"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file user not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
#if [ ! -n "$password" ]; then echo 'fail: configure file password not set'; exit 2; fi
#if [ ! -n "$host" ]; then echo 'fail: configure file host not set'; exit 2; fi
if
[ ! -n
"$mysql_socket"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file mysql_socket not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
#if [ ! -n "$port" ]; then echo 'fail: configure file port not set'; exit 2; fi
if
[ ! -n
"$backup_dir"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file backup_dir not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$full_backup_month_day"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file full_backup_month_day not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$full_backup_prefix"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file full_backup_prefix not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$increment_prefix"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file increment_prefix not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$mysql_conf_file"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file mysql_conf_file not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$error_log"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file error_log not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$index_file"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file index_file not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
if
[ ! -n
"$is_tar_full"
];
then
echo
'fail: configure file is_tar_full not set'
;
exit
2;
fi
}
#运行主函数
function
run() {
test_conf_file
backup_type=-1
#解析命令行参数
while
getopts
"t:"
arg
do
case
$arg
in
t)
if
[
"$OPTARG"
=
"$full_backup_prefix"
];
then
backup_type=0
elif
[
"$OPTARG"
=
"$increment_prefix"
];
then
backup_type=1
fi
;;
?)
echo
"unkonw argument"
exit
1
;;
esac
done
if
[
"$backup_type"
-
eq
-1 ];
then
get_backup_type
backup_type=$?
fi
echo
"backup_type: $backup_type"
case
$backup_type
in
0)
#全量备份
echo
'----------------------full backup start----------------'
echo
'delete_before_backup start'
delete_before_backup
echo
'call xtrabackup to full backup start'
full_backup
backup_ok=$?
if
[ 0 -
eq
"$backup_ok"
];
then
if
[ 1 -
eq
"$is_tar_full"
];
then
tar_backup_file $full_backup_prefix
fi
#send_backup_to_remote $full_backup_prefix
echo
'backup_index_file start'
backup_index_file
# send_index_file_to_remote
echo
'purge_index_from_file start'
purge_index_from_file
echo
'append_index_to_file start'
if
[ 1 -
eq
"$is_tar_full"
];
then
append_tar_index_to_file $full_backup_prefix
fi
append_index_to_file $full_backup_prefix
echo
'call xtrabackup to increment backup start'
increment_backup
backup_ok=$?
if
[ 0 -
eq
"$backup_ok"
];
then
# tar_backup_file $increment_prefix
# send_backup_to_remote $increment_prefix
echo
'append_index_to_file start'
append_index_to_file $increment_prefix
rm
-rf ${backup_dir}/${full_backup_prefix}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
else
rm
-rf ${backup_dir}/${increment_prefix}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
logging_backup_err $increment_prefix
fi
else
rm
-rf ${backup_dir}/${full_backup_prefix}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
logging_backup_err $full_backup_prefix
fi
;;
1)
#增量备份
echo
'----------------------incr backup start----------------'
echo
'call xtrabackup to increment backup start'
increment_backup
backup_ok=$?
if
[ 0 -
eq
"$backup_ok"
];
then
# tar_backup_file $increment_prefix
# send_backup_to_remote $increment_prefix
echo
'append_index_to_file start'
append_index_to_file $increment_prefix
else
rm
-rf ${backup_dir}/${increment_prefix}_${backup_date}_${backup_time}
logging_backup_err $increment_prefix
fi
;;
esac
}
run $@
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本文转自 zouqingyun 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/zouqingyun/1842390，如需转载请自行联系原作者
