通过Proxy访问其它Cas应用
目录
考虑这样一种场景:有两个应用App1和App2,它们都是受Cas Server保护的,即请求它们时都需要通过Cas Server的认证。现需要在App1中通过Http请求访问App2,显然该请求将会被App2配置的Cas的AuthenticationFilter拦截并转向Cas Server,Cas Server将引导用户进行登录认证,这样我们也就不能真正的访问到App2了。针对这种应用场景,Cas也提供了对应的支持。
1.1 原理
Cas Proxy可以让我们轻松的通过App1访问App2时通过Cas Server的认证,从而访问到App2。其主要原理是这样的,App1先通过Cas Server的认证,然后向Cas Server申请一个针对于App2的proxy ticket,之后在访问App2时把申请到的针对于App2的proxy ticket以参数ticket传递过去。App2的AuthenticationFilter将拦截到该请求,发现该请求携带了ticket参数后将放行交由后续的Ticket Validation Filter处理。Ticket Validation Filter将会传递该ticket到Cas Server进行认证,显然该ticket是由Cas Server针对于App2发行的,App2在申请校验时是可以校验通过的,这样我们就可以正常的访问到App2了。针对Cas Proxy的原理,官网有一张图很能说明问题,如下所示。
1.2 配置
Cas Proxy实现的核心是Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter,该Filter是Ticket Validation Filter的一种。使用Cas Proxy时我们需要使用Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter作为我们的Ticket Validation Filter,而且对于代理端而言该Filter需要放置在AuthenticationFilter之前。对于上述应用场景而言,App1就是我们的代理端,而App2就是我们的被代理端。Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter在代理端与被代理端的配置是不一样的。我们先来看一下在代理端的配置。
1.2.1代理端
既然Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter是一个Ticket Validation Filter,所以之前我们介绍的Ticket Validation Filter需要配置的参数,在这里也需要配置,Ticket Validation Filter可以配置的参数这里也可以配置。所不同的是对于代理端的Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter必须指定另外的两个参数,proxyCallbackUrl和proxyReceptorUrl。
l proxyCallbackUrl:用于指定一个回调地址,在代理端通过Cas Server校验ticket成功后,Cas Server将回调该地址以传递pgtId和pgtIou,Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter在接收到对应的响应后会将它们保存在内部持有的ProxyGrantingTicketStorage中。之后在对传递过来的ticket进行validate的时候又会根据pgtIou从ProxyGrantingTicketStorage中获取对应的pgtId,用以保存在AttributePrincipal中,而AttributePrincipal又会保存在Assertion中。proxyCallbackUrl因为是指定Cas Server回调的地址,所以其必须是一个可以供外部访问的绝对地址。此外,因为Cas Server默认只回调使用安全通道协议https进行通信的地址,所以我们的proxyCallbackUrl需要是一个使用https协议访问的地址。
l proxyReceptorUrl:该地址是proxyCallbackUrl相对于代理端的一个地址,Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter将根据该地址来决定请求是否来自Cas Server的回调。
下面是一个Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter在代理端配置的示例,需要注意的是该Filter需要配置在AuthenticationFilter之前,所以完整配置如下:
<context-param>
<param-name>serverName</param-name>
<param-value>https://elim:8043</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>proxyValidationFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>casServerUrlPrefix</param-name>
<param-value>https://elim:8443/cas</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>proxyCallbackUrl</param-name>
<param-value>https://elim:8043/app1/proxyCallback</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>proxyReceptorUrl</param-name>
<param-value>/proxyCallback</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>proxyValidationFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>casAuthenticationFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>casServerLoginUrl</param-name>
<param-value>https://elim:8443/cas/login</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casAuthenticationFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.util.HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>casAssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.util.AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casAssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
1.2.2被代理端
在被代理端Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter是扮演Ticket Validation Filter的角色,它可以验证正常通过Cas Server登录认证成功后返回的ticket,也可以认证来自其它代理端传递过来的proxy ticket,当然,最终的认证都是通过Cas Server来完成的。既然Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter在被代理端是作为Ticket Validation Filter来使用的,所以Ticket Validation Filter可以有的参数其都可以配置。在被代理端需要配置一个参数用以表示接受来自哪些应用的代理,这个参数可以是acceptAnyProxy,也可以是allowedProxyChains。acceptAnyProxy表示接受所有的,其对应的参数值是true或者false;而allowedProxyChains则用以指定具体接受哪些应用的代理,多个应用就写多行,allowedProxyChains的值对应的是代理端提供给Cas Server的回调地址,如果使用前文示例的代理端配置,我们就可以指定被代理端的allowedProxyChains为“https://elim:8043/app1/proxyCallback”,这样当app1作为代理端来访问该被代理端时就能通过验证,得到正确的响应。下面是一个被代理端配置Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter的完整配置示例。
<context-param>
<param-name>serverName</param-name>
<param-value>http://elim:8081</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>casSingleSignOutFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casSingleSignOutFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>casAuthenticationFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>casServerLoginUrl</param-name>
<param-value>https:// elim:8443/cas/login</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casAuthenticationFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>proxyValidationFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>casServerUrlPrefix</param-name>
<param-value>https://elim:8443/cas</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>acceptAnyProxy</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>proxyValidationFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.util.HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>casAssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.util.AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>casAssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
1.3 请求示例
配置好以后接下来将展示一个app1作为代理端访问app2的应用示例。该示例的重点在于app1的请求发起,对于需要请求的app2端的内容我们假设就是一个简单的jsp文件,其简单的输出一些文本。对于代理端而言,其请求的发起通常需要经过如下步骤:
1、获取到当前的AttributePrincipal对象,如果当前可以获取到request对象并且使用了HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter,我们则可以直接从request中获取。
AttributePrincipal principal = (AttributePrincipal) req.getUserPrincipal();
当然,如果使用了AssertionThreadLocalFilter,我们也可以从AssertionHolder中获取Assertion,进而获取到对应的AttributePrincipal对象。
AttributePrincipal principal = AssertionHolder.getAssertion().getPrincipal();
2、通过AttributePrincipal获取针对于被代理端对应的proxy ticket,该操作将促使AttributePrincipal向Cas Server发起请求,从而获取到对应的proxy ticket。针对同一URL每次从Cas Server请求获取到的proxy ticket都是不一样的。以下是一个获取针对于“http://elim:8081/app2/getData.jsp”的proxy ticket的示例:
String proxyTicket = principal.getProxyTicketFor("http://elim:8081/app2/getData.jsp");
3、在请求被代理端时将获取到的proxy ticket以参数ticket一起传递过去,如:
URL url = new URL("http://elim:8081/app2/getData.jsp?ticket=" + proxyTicket);
完整的示例代码如下所示:
@WebServlet(name="casProxyTest", urlPatterns="/cas/proxy/test")
public class CasProxyTestServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req, resp);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1、获取到AttributePrincipal对象
AttributePrincipal principal = AssertionHolder.getAssertion().getPrincipal();
//2、获取对应的proxy ticket
String proxyTicket = principal.getProxyTicketFor("http://elim:8081/app/getData.jsp");
//3、请求被代理应用时将获取到的proxy ticket以参数ticket进行传递
URL url = new URL("http://elim:8081/app/getData.jsp?ticket=" + URLEncoder.encode(proxyTicket, "UTF-8"));
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
while ((line=br.readLine()) != null) {
content.append(line).append("
");
}
resp.getWriter().write(content.toString());
}
}
(注:本文是基于Cas Server3.5.2和Cas Client3.1.11所写)