数据库启动的时候遇到坏块，特别是SYSTEM表空间中的一些底层表，如UNDO$,OBJ$等一些表，会导致数据库不能正常open,当然我们可以通过增加一些隐藏参数来达到跳过坏块来启动数据库，也可以通过bbed工具来手动修复块来。下面是自己的一个测试环境遇到这样的错误，通过bbed工具来修复
欢迎大家加入ORACLE超级群：17115662 免费解决各种ORACLE问题,以后BLOG将迁移到http://www.htz.pw
1,数据库版本
| SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
[oracle@www.htz.pw ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun May 25 04:36:03 2014
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted. ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data block ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [1], [225], [6108], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Process ID: 12178 Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5 |
2，启动报错
| [oracle@www.htz.pw ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun May 25 04:20:44 2014
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted. ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 225) ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf' Process ID: 1617 Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
此块就是存储undo$基表的块，在数据库启动的时候，做恢复的时候，是需要去读undo块的，所以导致报错 |
3，bbed修复坏块
| BBED> verify DBVERIFY - Verification starting FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf BLOCK = 225
Block Checking: DBA = 4194529, Block Type = KTB-managed data block Found block already marked corrupted
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
这里发现块被标记为坏块，其实这里知道就是把seq更改为FF了，下面我们修改回来就可以了 BBED> p kcbh struct kcbh, 20 bytes @0 ub1 type_kcbh @0 0x06 ub1 frmt_kcbh @1 0xa2 ub1 spare1_kcbh @2 0x00 ub1 spare2_kcbh @3 0x00 ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x004000e1 ub4 bas_kcbh @8 0x0021beaa ub2 wrp_kcbh @12 0x0000
ub1 flg_kcbh @15 0x04 (KCBHFCKV) ub2 chkval_kcbh @16 0x4cba ub2 spare3_kcbh @18 0x0000
BBED> set mode edit MODE Edit
BBED> set count 16 COUNT 16
BBED> modify /x 00 offset 14 Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0) Block: 225 Offsets: 14 to 29 Dba:0x00000000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0004ba4c 00000100 00000f00 0000aabe
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> set offset 8188 OFFSET 8188
BBED> dump File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0) Block: 225 Offsets: 8188 to 8191 Dba:0x00000000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ff06aabe
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 00 offset 8188 File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0) Block: 225 Offsets: 8188 to 8191 Dba:0x00000000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0006aabe
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p tailchk
BBED> sum apply Check value for File 0, Block 225: current = 0x4cba, required = 0x4cba
BBED> verify DBVERIFY - Verification starting FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf BLOCK = 225
Block Checking: DBA = 4194529, Block Type = KTB-managed data block data header at 0x2a98b8725c kdbchk: row locked by non-existent transaction
Block 225 failed with check code 6101
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
这里看到报了ITL相当的一些东西，原因是由于原来做实验的时候，手动提交了数据。 报错代码的意思是，slot=20的行被锁住，占用了itl2.
下面是dump数据库看一下第21号的lb标记符
col 12: *NULL* col 13: *NULL* col 14: *NULL* col 15: *NULL*
BBED> p *kdbr[20] rowdata[634] ------------
BBED> set offset 1823 OFFSET 1823
BBED> dump File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0) Block: 225 Offsets: 1823 to 1838 Dba:0x00000000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2c011102 c1150a5f 53595353 4d553230 BBED> modify /x 2c00 File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0) Block: 225 Offsets: 1823 to 1838 Dba:0x00000000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2c001102 c1150a5f 53595353 4d553230
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply Check value for File 0, Block 225: current = 0x6ec1, required = 0x6ec1
BBED> verify DBVERIFY - Verification starting FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf BLOCK = 225
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
块不在报错。验证通过 |
4，数据库正常打开
| SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
undo块能正常访问 SQL> select name from undo$;
NAME ------------------------------ SYSTEM _SYSSMU1$ _SYSSMU10$ _SYSSMU11$ _SYSSMU12$ _SYSSMU13$ _SYSSMU14$ _SYSSMU15$ _SYSSMU16$ _SYSSMU17$ _SYSSMU18$
NAME ------------------------------ _SYSSMU19$ _SYSSMU2$ _SYSSMU20$ _SYSSMU3$ _SYSSMU4$ _SYSSMU5$ _SYSSMU6$ _SYSSMU7$ _SYSSMU8$ _SYSSMU9$
21 rows selected. |
