化零为整WCF(4) - 异常处理(Exception、FaultException、FaultException、IErrorHandler)

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化零为整WCF(4) - 异常处理(Exception、FaultException、FaultException<T>、IErrorHandler)


作者: webabcd


介绍
WCF(Windows Communication Foundation) - 异常处理:一般Exception的处理,FaultException和FaultException<T>的抛出和处理,使用IErrorHandler处理异常。


示例
1、服务
IHello.cs
InBlock.gif using System; 
InBlock.gif using System.Collections.Generic; 
InBlock.gif using System.Linq; 
InBlock.gif using System.Text; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Exception 
InBlock.gif
InBlock.gif         /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif         /// IHello接口 
InBlock.gif         /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif        [ServiceContract] 
InBlock.gif         public  interface IHello 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 抛出Exception异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                [OperationContract] 
InBlock.gif                 void HelloException(); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 抛出FaultException异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                [OperationContract] 
InBlock.gif                 void HelloFaultException(); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 抛出FaultException<T>异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                [OperationContract] 
InBlock.gif                [FaultContract( typeof(FaultMessage))] 
InBlock.gif                 void HelloFaultExceptionGeneric(); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// IErrorHandler处理异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                [OperationContract] 
InBlock.gif                 void HelloIErrorHandler(); 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif}
 
FaultMessage.cs
InBlock.gif using System; 
InBlock.gif using System.Collections.Generic; 
InBlock.gif using System.Linq; 
InBlock.gif using System.Text; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel; 
InBlock.gif using System.Runtime.Serialization; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Exception 
InBlock.gif
InBlock.gif         /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif         /// 错误信息实体类(用于错误契约FaultContract) 
InBlock.gif         /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif        [DataContract] 
InBlock.gif         public  class FaultMessage 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 错误信息 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                [DataMember] 
InBlock.gif                 public  string Message { get; set; } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 错误代码 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                [DataMember] 
InBlock.gif                 public  int ErrorCode { get; set; } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif}
 
FaultErrorHandler.cs
InBlock.gif using System; 
InBlock.gif using System.Collections.Generic; 
InBlock.gif using System.Linq; 
InBlock.gif using System.Text; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher; 
InBlock.gif using System.Configuration; 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel; 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel.Channels; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Exception 
InBlock.gif
InBlock.gif         /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif         /// 自定义错误处理器(继承自System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.IErrorHandler) 
InBlock.gif         /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif         public  class FaultErrorHandler : IErrorHandler 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 在异常返回给客户端之后被调用 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="error">异常</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <returns></returns> 
InBlock.gif                 public  bool HandleError(System.Exception error) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        System.IO.StreamWriter sw =  new System.IO.StreamWriter( @"C:\WCF_Log.txt"true); 
InBlock.gif                        sw.Write( "IErrorHandler - HandleError测试。错误类型:{0};错误信息:{1}", error.GetType().ToString(), error.Message); 
InBlock.gif                        sw.WriteLine(); 
InBlock.gif                        sw.Flush(); 
InBlock.gif                        sw.Close(); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                         // true - 已处理 
InBlock.gif                         return  true
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 在异常发生后,异常信息返回前被调用 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="error">异常</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="version">SOAP版本</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="fault">返回给客户端的错误信息</param> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void ProvideFault(System.Exception error, System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageVersion version,  ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message fault) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                         if (error  is System.IO.IOException) 
InBlock.gif                        { 
InBlock.gif                                FaultException ex =  new FaultException( "IErrorHandler - ProvideFault测试"); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                                MessageFault mf = ex.CreateMessageFault(); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                                fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, mf, ex.Action); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                                 // InvalidOperationException error = new InvalidOperationException("An invalid operation has occurred."); 
InBlock.gif                                 // MessageFault mfault = MessageFault.CreateFault(new FaultCode("Server", new FaultCode(String.Format("Server.{0}", error.GetType().Name))), new FaultReason(error.Message), error); 
InBlock.gif                                 // FaultException fe = FaultException.CreateFault(mfault, typeof(InvalidOperationException)); 
InBlock.gif                        } 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif}
 
Hello.cs
InBlock.gif using System; 
InBlock.gif using System.Collections.Generic; 
InBlock.gif using System.Linq; 
InBlock.gif using System.Text; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel; 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel.Description; 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Exception 
InBlock.gif
InBlock.gif         /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif         /// Hello类 
InBlock.gif         /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif         public  class Hello : IHello, IDisposable, IServiceBehavior    
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 抛出Exception异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void HelloException() 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                         throw  new System.Exception( "抛出Exception异常"); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 抛出FaultException异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void HelloFaultException() 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                         throw  new FaultException( "抛出FaultException异常"new FaultCode( "服务")); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 抛出FaultException<T>异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void HelloFaultExceptionGeneric() 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                         throw  new FaultException<FaultMessage>( new FaultMessage { Message =  "抛出FaultException<T>异常", ErrorCode = -1 },  "为了测试FaultException<T>用的"); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// IErrorHandler处理异常 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void HelloIErrorHandler() 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                         throw  new System.IO.IOException( "抛出异常,用IErrorHandler处理"); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 实现IDisposable接口的Dispose()方法 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void Dispose() 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 为契约增加自定义绑定参数 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="serviceDescription">服务描述</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="serviceHostBase">服务宿主</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="endpoints">服务端点</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="bindingParameters">需要增加的自定义绑定参数</param> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void AddBindingParameters(ServiceDescription serviceDescription, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase, System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection<ServiceEndpoint> endpoints, System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// runtime时修改属性值或增加自定义扩展对象 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="serviceDescription">服务描述</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="serviceHostBase">服务宿主</param> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceDescription serviceDescription, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        IErrorHandler handler =  new FaultErrorHandler(); 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                         foreach (ChannelDispatcher dispatcher  in serviceHostBase.ChannelDispatchers) 
InBlock.gif                        { 
InBlock.gif                                 // 增加错误处理器 
InBlock.gif                                dispatcher.ErrorHandlers.Add(handler); 
InBlock.gif                        } 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                 /// <summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// 检查服务描述和服务宿主,以确认服务可以成功运行 
InBlock.gif                 /// </summary> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="serviceDescription">服务描述</param> 
InBlock.gif                 /// <param name="serviceHostBase">服务宿主</param> 
InBlock.gif                 public  void Validate(ServiceDescription serviceDescription, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif}
 
 
2、宿主
Hello.svc
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="WCF.ServiceLib.Exception.Hello" %>
 
Web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<configuration> 
    <system.serviceModel> 
        <behaviors> 
            <serviceBehaviors> 
                <behavior name="ExceptionBehavior"> 
                    <!--httpGetEnabled - 使用get方式提供服务--> 
                    <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> 
                    <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/> 
                </behavior> 
            </serviceBehaviors> 
        </behaviors> 
        <services> 
            <!--name - 提供服务的类名--> 
            <!--behaviorConfiguration - 指定相关的行为配置--> 
            <service name="WCF.ServiceLib.Exception.Hello" behaviorConfiguration="ExceptionBehavior"> 
                <!--address - 服务地址--> 
                <!--binding - 通信方式--> 
                <!--contract - 服务契约--> 
                <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WCF.ServiceLib.Exception.IHello" /> 
            </service> 
        </services> 
    </system.serviceModel> 
</configuration>
 
 

3、客户端
Hello.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Hello.aspx.cs" 
        Inherits="Exception_Hello" Title="异常处理(Exception、FaultException、FaultException<T>、IErrorHandler)" %> 

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" runat="Server"> 
</asp:Content> 
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server"> 
        <div> 
                <asp:Label ID="lblMsg" runat="server" /> 
        </div> 
        <br /> 
        <div> 
                <asp:Button ID="btnHelloException" runat="server" Text="HelloException" OnClick="btnHelloException_Click" /> 
        </div> 
        <div> 
                <asp:Button ID="btnHelloFaultException" runat="server" Text="HelloFaultException" 
                        OnClick="btnHelloFaultException_Click" /> 
        </div> 
        <div> 
                <asp:Button ID="btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric" runat="server" Text="HelloFaultExceptionGeneric" 
                        OnClick="btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric_Click" /> 
        </div> 
        <div> 
                <asp:Button ID="btnHelloIErrorHandler" runat="server" Text="HelloIErrorHandler" OnClick="btnHelloIErrorHandler_Click" /> 
        </div> 
</asp:Content>
 
Hello.aspx.cs
InBlock.gif using System; 
InBlock.gif using System.Collections; 
InBlock.gif using System.Configuration; 
InBlock.gif using System.Data; 
InBlock.gif using System.Linq; 
InBlock.gif using System.Web; 
InBlock.gif using System.Web.Security; 
InBlock.gif using System.Web.UI; 
InBlock.gif using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; 
InBlock.gif using System.Web.UI.WebControls; 
InBlock.gif using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; 
InBlock.gif using System.Xml.Linq; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif using System.ServiceModel; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif public partial  class Exception_Hello : System.Web.UI.Page 
InBlock.gif
InBlock.gif         protected  void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e) 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif         protected  void btnHelloException_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                ExceptionService.HelloClient proxy =  new ExceptionService.HelloClient(); 
InBlock.gif                 try 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.HelloException(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 catch (Exception ex) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        lblMsg.Text = ex.Message; 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 finally 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                         try 
InBlock.gif                        { 
InBlock.gif                                proxy.Close(); 
InBlock.gif                        } 
InBlock.gif                         catch (Exception ex) 
InBlock.gif                        { 
InBlock.gif                                lblMsg.Text +=  "<br />" + ex.Message; 
InBlock.gif                        } 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif         protected  void btnHelloFaultException_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                ExceptionService.HelloClient proxy =  new ExceptionService.HelloClient(); 
InBlock.gif                 try 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.HelloFaultException(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 catch (FaultException ex) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        lblMsg.Text =  string.Format( "错误编码:{0};错误原因:{1}"
InBlock.gif                                ex.Code.Name, 
InBlock.gif                                ex.Reason.ToString()); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 finally 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.Close(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif         protected  void btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                ExceptionService.HelloClient proxy =  new ExceptionService.HelloClient(); 
InBlock.gif                 try 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.HelloFaultExceptionGeneric(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 catch (System.ServiceModel.FaultException<ExceptionService.FaultMessage> ex) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        lblMsg.Text =  string.Format( "错误代码:{0};错误信息:{1};错误原因:{2}"
InBlock.gif                                ex.Detail.ErrorCode.ToString(), 
InBlock.gif                                ex.Detail.Message, 
InBlock.gif                                ex.Reason.ToString()); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 finally 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.Close(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif         protected  void btnHelloIErrorHandler_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) 
InBlock.gif        { 
InBlock.gif                ExceptionService.HelloClient proxy =  new ExceptionService.HelloClient(); 
InBlock.gif                 try 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.HelloIErrorHandler(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 catch (Exception ex) 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        System.ServiceModel.FaultException faultException = ex  as System.ServiceModel.FaultException; 
InBlock.gif 
InBlock.gif                         if (faultException !=  null
InBlock.gif                        { 
InBlock.gif                                lblMsg.Text =  string.Format( "错误信息:{0}", faultException.Message); 
InBlock.gif                        } 
InBlock.gif                         else 
InBlock.gif                        { 
InBlock.gif                                lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString(); 
InBlock.gif                        } 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif                 finally 
InBlock.gif                { 
InBlock.gif                        proxy.Close(); 
InBlock.gif                } 
InBlock.gif        } 
InBlock.gif}
 

Web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<configuration> 
    <system.serviceModel> 
        <client> 
            <!--address - 服务地址--> 
            <!--binding - 通信方式--> 
            <!--contract - 服务契约--> 
            <endpoint address="http://localhost:3502/ServiceHost/Exception/Hello.svc" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="ExceptionService.IHello" /> 
        </client> 
    </system.serviceModel> 
</configuration>
 
 

运行结果:
单击" btnHelloException"后显示
抛出Exception异常
The communication object, System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel, cannot be used for communication because it is in the Faulted state. 

单击" btnHelloFaultException"后显示
错误编码:服务;错误原因:抛出FaultException异常

单击" btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric"后显示
错误代码:-1;错误信息:抛出FaultException异常;错误原因:为了测试FaultException用的

单击" btnHelloIErrorHandler"后显示
错误信息:IErrorHandler - ProvideFault测试


OK
[源码下载]
 



     本文转自webabcd 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/webabcd/344112 ,如需转载请自行联系原作者

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