使用thrift做c++,java和python的相互调用

linux上安装thrift见
http://jinghong.iteye.com/blog/1102535
thrift做为跨语言调用的方案有高效，支持语言较多，成熟等优点；代码侵入较强是其弱点。
下面记录以C++做服务器，C++,java和python做客户端的示例，这个和本人现在工作环境吻合，使用多线程长连接的socket来建立高效分布式系统的跨语言调用平台。
遗憾的是目前版本(0.7.0)的C语言还不支持Compact协议，导致在现在的环境中nginx c module调用thrift要使用binary协议。thrift开发团队似乎对C语言不太感冒。
1.定义idl文件acsuser.thrift

struct User{
 1: string uid,
 2: string uname,
 3: bool usex,
 4: i16 uage,
}
service UserService{
 void add(1: User u),
 User get(1: string uid),
}

2.生成c++,java和python代码框架

thrift -r --gen cpp acsuser.thrift 
thrift -r --gen java acsuser.thrift 
thrift -r --gen py acsuser.thrift 

这时生成子目录gen-cpp,gen-java,gen-py

3.生成C++服务端代码

cp gen-cpp/UserService_server.skeleton.cpp UserServer.cpp

修改UserServer.cpp

#include "UserService.h"
#include <config.h>
//#include <protocol/TBinaryProtocol.h>
#include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>
#include <server/TSimpleServer.h>
#include <transport/TServerSocket.h>
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>
#include <concurrency/ThreadManager.h>
#include <concurrency/PosixThreadFactory.h>
#include <server/TThreadPoolServer.h>
#include <server/TThreadedServer.h>

using namespace ::apache::thrift;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::transport;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::server;
using namespace ::apache::thrift::concurrency;

using boost::shared_ptr;

class UserServiceHandler : virtual public UserServiceIf {
 public:
  UserServiceHandler() {
    // Your initialization goes here
  }

  void add(const User& u) {
    // Your implementation goes here
    printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", u.uid.c_str(), u.uname.c_str(), u.usex, u.uage);
  }

  void get(User& _return, const std::string& uid) {
    // Your implementation goes here
    _return.uid = "leo1";
    _return.uname = "yueyue";
    _return.usex = 1;
    _return.uage = 3;
    printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", _return.uid.c_str(), _return.uname.c_str(), _return.usex, _return.uage);
  }

};

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  shared_ptr<UserServiceHandler> handler(new UserServiceHandler());
  shared_ptr<TProcessor> processor(new UserServiceProcessor(handler));
  shared_ptr<TProtocolFactory> protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocolFactory());
  shared_ptr<TTransportFactory> transportFactory(new TBufferedTransportFactory());
  shared_ptr<TServerTransport> serverTransport(new TServerSocket(9090));

  shared_ptr<ThreadManager> threadManager = ThreadManager::newSimpleThreadManager(10);
  shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory> threadFactory = shared_ptr<PosixThreadFactory>(new PosixThreadFactory());
  threadManager->threadFactory(threadFactory);
  threadManager->start();
  printf("start user server...\n");

  TThreadPoolServer server(processor, serverTransport, transportFactory, protocolFactory, threadManager);
  server.serve();
  return 0;
}

注意这段代码使用TCompactProtocol，需要#include <config.h>
另外这个是Blocking的多线程服务器

4.生成C++的client文件UserClient.cpp

#include "UserService.h"
#include <config.h>
#include <transport/TSocket.h>
#include <transport/TBufferTransports.h>
#include <protocol/TCompactProtocol.h>

using namespace apache::thrift;
using namespace apache::thrift::protocol;
using namespace apache::thrift::transport;

using boost::shared_ptr;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
        boost::shared_ptr<TSocket> socket(new TSocket("localhost", 9090));
        boost::shared_ptr<TTransport> transport(new TBufferedTransport(socket));
        boost::shared_ptr<TProtocol> protocol(new TCompactProtocol(transport));

        transport->open();

        User u;
        u.uid = "leo";
        u.uname = "yueyue";
        u.usex = 1;
        u.uage = 3;

        UserServiceClient client(protocol);
        client.add(u);

        User u1;
        client.get(u1,"lll");

        transport->close();
        printf("uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d uage=%d\n", u1.uid.c_str(), u1.uname.c_str(), u1.usex, u1.uage);
        return 0;
}

5.生成Makefile

BOOST_DIR = /usr/local/include/boost/
THRIFT_DIR = /usr/local/include/thrift
LIB_DIR = /usr/local/lib
GEN_SRC = ./gen-cpp/acsuser_types.cpp ./gen-cpp/acsuser_constants.cpp ./gen-cpp/UserService.cpp
default: server client
server: UserServer.cpp
        g++ -g -o UserServer -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserServer.cpp ${GEN_SRC}
client: UserClient.cpp
        g++ -g -o UserClient -lm -pthread -lz -lrt -lssl -I${THRIFT_DIR} -I${BOOST_DIR}  -I./gen-cpp -L${LIB_DIR} -lthrift UserClient.cpp ${GEN_SRC}
clean:
        $(RM) -r UserServer UserClient

6.启动c++ server

./UserServer

7.测试c++ client

./UserClient

8.写java client文件UserClient.java

import org.apache.thrift.TException;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;

//import UserService.Client;

public class UserClient {
    private void start() {
        try {
            TTransport socket = new TSocket("localhost", 9090);
            //TTransport transport = new TFramedTransport(socket);
            TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(socket);

            UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol);
            socket.open();
            System.out.println(client.get("lll"));

            User u = new User();
            u.uid="leojava";
            u.uname="yueyue";
            u.usex=true;
            u.uage=3;
            client.add(u);
            socket.close();

        } catch (TTransportException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (TException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserClient c = new UserClient();
        c.start();

    }
}

编译和运行java client

javac -classpath /usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar UserClient.java ./gen-java/*.java
java -classpath .:./gen-java:/usr/local/lib/libthrift-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/lib/log4j-1.2.14.jar:/usr/local/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar:/usr/local/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.5.8.jar UserClient

9.写Python client文件PythonClient.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
sys.path.append('./gen-py')
from acsuser import UserService
from acsuser.ttypes import *
from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TCompactProtocol

# Make socket
transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost', 9090)
# Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
# Wrap in a protocol
protocol = TCompactProtocol.TCompactProtocol(transport)
# Create a client to use the protocol encoder
client = UserService.Client(protocol)
# Connect!
transport.open()
# Call Server services  
u = client.get('lll')
print 'uid=%s uname=%s usex=%d u.uage=%d' %(u.uid,u.uname,u.usex,u.uage)

u1 = User()
u1.uid='leo'
u1.uname='yueyue'
u1.usex=1
u1.uage=3
client.add(u1)

执行python client代码