ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX中Webservice调用方法示例

ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX中能够在客户端js中很方便地调用服务器Webservice，以下为一些调用的示例。笔者安装的ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX

版本为AJAX November CTP。

三个示例分别为：
1 带参数的WS方法
2 不带参数的WS方法
3 参数类型为DataTable的WS方法

一、WebMethod
注意要点：
1 WebMethod类需要添加命名空间 Microsoft.Web.Script.Services，此空间需要引用Microsoft.Web.Preview.dll
2 类声明加入标签 [ScriptService]
3 在Asp.net 2.0里可以直接用DataTable作为返回类型了，但是需要在Web.config文件添加序列化转换器的属性。DataSet、DataTable、DataRow均有转换器

   < system .web.extensions >
     < scripting >
       < webServices >
         < jsonSerialization >
           < converters >
             < add  name ="DataSetConverter"  type ="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataSetConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview" />
             < add  name ="DataRowConverter"  type ="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataRowConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview" />
             < add  name ="DataTableConverter"  type ="Microsoft.Web.Preview.Script.Serialization.Converters.DataTableConverter, Microsoft.Web.Preview" />
           </ converters >
         </ jsonSerialization >
       </ webServices >
     </ scripting >
   </ system.web.extensions >

WEB服务1：WS1

using  System;
using  System.Web;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.Web.Services;
using  System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using  Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;
using  System.Data;
/**/ /// <summary>
/// WS1 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace  =   " http://tempuri.org/ " )]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo  =  WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ScriptService]
public   class  WS1 : System.Web.Services.WebService  {

    public WS1 () {

        //如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行 
        //InitializeComponent(); 
    }

    [WebMethod]
    public string ServerTime()
    {
        return String.Format("now： {0}", DateTime.Now);
    }

    [WebMethod]
    public DataTable GetDataTable()
    {
        DataTable dt = new DataTable("Person");

        dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string)));
        dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("LastName", typeof(string)));
        dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Email", typeof(string)));

        dt.Rows.Add("kui", "he", "hekui168@163.com");
        dt.Rows.Add("ren", "chao", "chaoren888@163.com");

        return dt;
    }
}

WEB服务2：WS

using  System;
using  System.Web;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.Web.Services;
using  System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using  Microsoft.Web.Script.Services;

/**/ /// <summary>
/// WS 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace  =   " http://tempuri.org/ " )]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo  =  WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[ScriptService]
public   class  WS : System.Web.Services.WebService  {

    public WS () {

        //如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行 
        //InitializeComponent(); 
    }

    [WebMethod]
    [ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet = true)]
    public string HelloWorld(String query)
    {
        string inputString = Server.HtmlEncode(query);
        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputString))
        {
            return String.Format("hello, {0}. ", inputString);
        }
        else
        {
            return "query string is null or empty";
        }
    }

}

二、前台页面：
注意要点：
需要使用的后台WebService的方法均设置在如下位置

         < asp:ScriptManager  ID ="ScriptManager1"  runat ="server" >
             < Services >
                 < asp:ServiceReference  Path ="~/WS.asmx"   />
                 < asp:ServiceReference  Path ="~/WS1.asmx"   />
             </ Services >
         </ asp:ScriptManager >

Default页面：

<% @ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default"  %>

<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd" >
< html  xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
< head  runat ="server" >
     < title > Untitled Page </ title >

     < script  language ="javascript"  type ="text/javascript"  src ="js.js" >
     </ script >

</ head >
< body >
     < form  id ="form1"  runat ="server" >
         < asp:ScriptManager  ID ="ScriptManager1"  runat ="server" >
             < Services >
                 < asp:ServiceReference  Path ="~/WS.asmx"   />
                 < asp:ServiceReference  Path ="~/WS1.asmx"   />
             </ Services >
         </ asp:ScriptManager >
         < div >
             < asp:Button  ID ="Button1"  runat ="server"  Text ="Button"  OnClientClick ="dd();return false;"   />
             < div  id ="time" >
             </ div >
             < div  id ="List1" >
                 < asp:DropDownList  ID ="ddl1"  runat ="server"  Width ="187px" >
                 </ asp:DropDownList >
                 </ div >
            
         </ div >
     </ form >
</ body >
</ html >

三、JavaScript程序:
注意要点：
AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"(")，而AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换“Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result)”

     function  dd()
     {
        WS.HelloWorld(   
                         'hekui', 
                         function(result) 
                         { 
                            alert(result); 
                         } 
                     );
        WS1.ServerTime(  
                         function(result) 
                         { 
                            alert(result); 
                            var divTime = document.getElementById("time");
                            divTime.innerHTML = result;
                         } 
                     );
       WS1.GetDataTable(
                         function(result) 
                         {
                            // 获取到下拉框控件
                            var List = document.getElementById("ddl1"); 
                                                       
                            //AJAX November CTP 需要用 eval() 方法将其转换成一个DataTable对象(并且要裁掉最前面的"(")
                            var Text= result.dataArray.substring(0,result.dataArray.length -1);            
                            var Table = eval( Text);
                            
                            //AJAX December CTP 支持以下方法转换
//                            var Table = Sys.Preview.Data.DataTable.parseFromJson(result);
                            
                            //清除下拉框原有列表项
                            for (x=List.options.length-1; x > -1; x--) 
                            {
                                List.remove(0);
                            }
                            
                            //从获取的DataTable添加数据到下拉框列表项
                            for (x=0; x < Table.length; x++ )
                            {
                                //获取每一行
                                var Row = Table[x];          
                                //创建一个列表项                  
                                var option = document.createElement("option"); 
                                //列表项显示文本赋值
                                option.text = Row.Name + " " + Row.LastName;   
                                //列表项选项值赋值
                                option.value = Row.Email;                      

                                //判断浏览器类型，进行项目添加     
                                if ( window.navigator.appName.toLowerCase().indexOf("microsoft") > -1) 
                                   List.add(option);  
                                else
                                   List.add(option, null);          
                            }
                         }
                       );
    }

示例代码：/Files/heekui/AJAXStudy.rar