Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。
nginx的模块需要第三方库的支持，检查是否安装下列库：zlib、zlib-devel（nginx扩展，gzip压缩）、openssl、openssl-devel（nginx扩展）、prce、prce-devel（重写rewrite、支持nginx伪静态）；Nginx 一般有两个版本，分别是稳定版和开发版，您可以根据您的目的来选择这两个版本的其中一个。
1、安装编译环境
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[root@localhost ~]
# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ automake autoconf libtool make
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2、安装PCRE库
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[root@localhost src]
# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]
# wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.36.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]
# cd pcre-8.36
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]
# make
[root@localhost pcre-8.36]
# make install
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3、安装zlib库
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[root@localhost pcre-8.36]
# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]
# wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# tar zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# cd zlib-1.2.8
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]
# make
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]
# make install
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4、安装ssl
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[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]
# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost src]
# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1j.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# tar zxvf openssl-1.0.1j.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# cd openssl-1.0.1j
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1j]
# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1j]
# make
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1j]
# make install
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1j]
# vim /etc/profile
export
PATH=$PATH:
/usr/local/openssl/bin
[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1j]
# source /etc/profile
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5、安装nginx
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[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1j]
# cd ..
[root@localhost src]
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]
# cd nginx-1.6.2
[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]
# groupadd www
[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]
# useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin
[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=wwww --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.1j --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.8 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.36
[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]
# make
[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]
# make install
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--with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.1j --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.8 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.36指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错
检查是否安装成功
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[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]
# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]
# ./nginx -t
nginx: the configuration
file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx
.conf syntax is ok
nginx: [emerg] getgrnam(
"wwww"
) failed
nginx: configuration
file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx
.conf
test
failed
[root@localhost sbin]
#
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编译时候指定组成wwww，重新修改下即可
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[root@localhost nginx]
# usermod -g wwww www
[root@localhost nginx]
# id www
uid=500(www) gid=501(wwww)
groups
=501(wwww)
[root@localhost nginx]
# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]
# ./nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx: the configuration
file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx
.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration
file
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx
.conf
test
is successful
[root@localhost sbin]
#
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参数"-c"指定了配置文件的路径，如果不加'-c"参数， nginx，会默认加载其安装目录中conf子目录中的nginx.conf文件。
-t：测试配置文件是否正确，在运行时需要重新加载配置的时候，此命令非常重要，用来检测所修改的配置文件是否有语法错误
查看nginx版本：
-v：显示 nginx 版本号。
-V：显示 nginx 的版本号以及编译环境信息以及编译时的参数。
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[root@localhost sbin]
# ./nginx -V
nginx version: nginx
/1
.6.2
built by gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4) (GCC)
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=
/usr/local/nginx
--user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-openssl=
/usr/local/src/openssl-1
.0.1j --with-zlib=
/usr/local/src/zlib-1
.2.8 --with-pcre=
/usr/local/src/pcre-8
.36
[root@localhost sbin]
# ./nginx -v
nginx version: nginx
/1
.6.2
[root@localhost sbin]
#
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启动nginx
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[root@localhost sbin]
# ./nginx
[root@localhost sbin]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already
in
use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already
in
use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already
in
use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already
in
use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already
in
use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
[root@localhost sbin]
# lsof -i :80
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE
/OFF
NODE NAME
clock-app 7093 root 21u IPv4 53701 0t0 TCP 10.15.24.112:52763->63.238.2.211:http (ESTABLISHED)
nginx 10145 root 6u IPv4 53797 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx 10146 www 6u IPv4 53797 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
[root@localhost sbin]
# kill -9 7093
[root@localhost sbin]
# kill -9 10145
[root@localhost sbin]
# kill -9 10146
[root@localhost sbin]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@localhost sbin]
# netstat -ano|grep -i ":80"
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN off (0.00
/0/0
)
[root@localhost sbin]
# ps -ef|grep "nginx"
root 10167 1 0 05:17 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
www 10168 10167 0 05:17 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 10174 1882 0 05:18 pts
/0
00:00:00
grep
nginx
[root@localhost sbin]
#
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执行/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx时提示端口被占用，因为前面我已经启动过了./nginx导致端口被占用，
重启nginx
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[root@localhost sbin]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
或者
[root@localhost sbin]
# kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid `
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打开浏览器访问此机器的 IP，如果浏览器出现 Welcome to nginx! 则表示 Nginx 已经安装并运行成功。
更改默认站点位置：
默认站点在/usr/local/nginx/html/，现在更换到/var/www/html中
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[root@localhost conf]
# vim nginx.conf
43 location / {
44
# root html;
45 root
/var/www/html
;
46 index index.html index.htm;
47 }
[root@localhost conf]
# cd /var/www/html/
[root@localhost html]
# vim index.html
Hello Justin!
[root@localhost conf]
# service nginx restart
Stopping nginx: [ OK ]
Starting nginx: [ OK ]
[root@localhost conf]
#
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如果按照上面在location / {部分修改了root目录后还不能访问，类似报File not found错误大部分应该是/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf里面的php解析部分配置不对,解决的话就是把root定义，在server下加上，这样root的作用域就扩大了。把location ~ \.php${里面的root删除。fastcgi_param部分改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;(本次环境nginx是通过yum安装的)
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[root@Zabbix zabbix]
# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
5 listen 80;
6 root
/usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix
;
#添加此行
7 server_name _;
13 location / {
14 root
/usr/share/nginx/html/zabbix
;
#添加此行
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#root /usr/share/nginx/html;
16 index index.php index.html index.htm;
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# example
42 location ~ \.php$ {
43
#root html; #注释此行
44 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
45 fastcgi_index index.php;
46 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
#修改此行
47 include fastcgi_params;
48 }
[root@Zabbix zabbix]
# service nginx restart
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更改默认端口：
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[root@ProxyServer conf]
# vim /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
35 server {
36 listen 80; ;修改为需要的端口号
37 server_name localhost;
38
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#charset koi8-r;
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#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
42
43 location / {
44 root html;
45 index index.html index.htm;
46 }
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禁止空主机头访问：
即直接输入IP地址后无法访问，设置返回404
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[root@ProxyServer conf]
# cp nginx.conf nginx.conf20151106
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找到server，在上面一行添加如下内容：
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34 server {
35 listen 80 default;
36 server_name _;
37 location / {
38 root html;
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return
404;
40 }
41 location ~ /.ht {
42 deny all;
43 }
44 }
#添加如上内容：
45 server {
46 listen 80;
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或者重定向到其他地方，如www.sina.com.cn
在文末添加以下内容
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server {
server_name 192.168.100.198 ;
rewrite ^(.*) http:
//www
.sina.com$1 permanent;
}
}
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切换到普通用户nginx下时候无法启动报：Starting nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (13: Permission denied)
以为是端口被占用，通过netstar发现80端口并未被占用，切换到root下面发现可以启动，查找资料：在Linux中1024以下的端口号都需要root权限才能使用，所以普通用户启动程序绑定会报出权限问题。于是我把80修改成了8089，结果可以正常启动
设置nginx开机启动
通过脚本来实现
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[root@localhost ~]
# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost ~]
# cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
# Source networking configuration.
.
/etc/sysconfig/network
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