环境：
ansible端：
ip：192.168.100.129
hostname：node1.lansgg.com
client端：
ip：192.168.100.131
hostname：v2.lansgg.com
ip：192.168.100.132
hostname：v3.lansgg.com
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[root@node1 ansible]
# pwd
/etc/ansible
[root@node1 ansible]
# cat hosts
[testservers]
192.168.100.131
192.168.100.132
[root@node1 ansible]
#
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1、命令格式
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SYNOPSIS
ansible <host-pattern> [-f forks] [-m module_name] [-a args]
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模块命令详细信息查询
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ansible-doc moduleName
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如：
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible-doc command
less
436
Copyright (C) 1984-2009 Mark Nudelman
less
comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
For information about the terms of redistribution,
see the
file
named README
in
the
less
distribution.
Homepage: http:
//www
.greenwoodsoftware.com
/less
> COMMAND
The [
command
] module takes the
command
name followed by a list of
space-delimited arguments. The given
command
will be executed on all
selected nodes. It will not be processed through the shell, so
variables like `$HOME
' and operations like `"<"'
, `
">"
', `"|"'
, and
`
"&"
' will not work (use the [shell] module
if
you need these
features).
Options (= is mandatory):
- chdir
cd
into this directory before running the
command
[Default:
None]
- creates
a filename, when it already exists, this step will *not* be
run. [Default: None]
- executable
change the shell used to execute the
command
. Should be an
absolute path to the executable. [Default: None]
= free_form
the
command
module takes a
free
form
command
to run. There is
no parameter actually named
'free form'
. See the examples!
[Default: None]
- removes
a filename, when it does not exist, this step will *not* be
run. [Default: None]
- warn
if
command
warnings are on
in
ansible.cfg,
do
not warn about
this particular line
if
set
to no
/false
. [Default: True]
Notes: If you want to run a
command
through the shell (say you are using
`<
', `>'
, `|', etc), you actually want the [shell] module
instead. The [
command
] module is much
more
secure as it's not
affected by the user
's environment. `creates'
, `removes', and
`chdir' can be specified after the
command
. For instance,
if
you only want to run a
command
if
a certain
file
does not
exist, use this.
EXAMPLES:
# Example from Ansible Playbooks.
-
command
:
/sbin/shutdown
-t now
# Run the command if the specified file does not exist.
-
command
:
/usr/bin/make_database
.sh arg1 arg2 creates=
/path/to/database
# You can also use the 'args' form to provide the options. This command
# will change the working directory to somedir/ and will only run when
# /path/to/database doesn't exist.
-
command
:
/usr/bin/make_database
.sh arg1 arg2
args:
chdir: somedir/
creates:
/path/to/database
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解释：command为模块名， chdir、create 等此模块特有的参数
2、ansible模块之command
此模块为ansible默认执行的模块，也是常用模块之一
示例： 查看远程主机的passwd最后两行
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m command -a 'tail -2 /etc/passwd'
192.168.100.131 | success | rc=0 >>
postfix:x:89:89::
/var/spool/postfix
:
/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:
/var/empty/sshd
:
/sbin/nologin
192.168.100.132 | success | rc=0 >>
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:
/var/empty/sshd
:
/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:
/sbin/nologin
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使用参数，修改当然工作目录
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m command -a 'pwd'
192.168.100.132 | success | rc=0 >>
/root
192.168.100.131 | success | rc=0 >>
/root
[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m command -a 'chdir=/tmp/ pwd'
192.168.100.131 | success | rc=0 >>
/tmp
192.168.100.132 | success | rc=0 >>
/tmp
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关于ansbile工具的shell、command、script、raw模块的区别和使用场景
command模块 [执行远程命令]
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m command -a 'uname -n'
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script模块 [在远程主机执行主控端的shell/python脚本 ] （使用相对路径）
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m script -a '/etc/ansible/test.sh
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shell模块 [执行远程主机的shell/python脚本]
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m shell -a 'bash /root/test.sh'
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raw模块 [类似于command模块、支持管道传递]
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[root@node1 ansible]
# ansible testservers -m raw -a "ifconfig eth0 |sed -n 2p |awk '{print \$2}' |awk -F: '{print \$2}'"
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本文转自 西索oO 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/lansgg/1745009
