Nginx+php(FastCGI)+Memcached+Mysql+APC高性能web服务器-阿里云开发者社区

Nginx+php(FastCGI)+Memcached+Mysql+APC高性能web服务器

2017-11-08 1369

简介：

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前言*Nginx+php(FastCGI)+Memcached+Mysql+APC 是目前主流的高性能服务器搭建方式！适合大中型网站，小型站长也可以采用这种组合！

Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性，使得国内使用 Nginx 作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多，其中包括国内最大的电子地图MapBar、新浪博客、新浪播客、网易新闻等门户网站频道，六间房、56.com等视频分享网站，Discuz!官方论坛、水木社区等知名论坛，豆瓣、YUPOO相册、海内SNS、迅雷在线等新兴Web 2.0网站，更多的网站都在使用Nginx配置

下载所需的安装包:这里采用源码包编译安装:本博客集成下载
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/nginx-0.7.61.tar.gz
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/pcre-8.01.tar.gz
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/libevent-1.4.12-stable.tar.gz
http://blog.mgcrazy.com/download/APC-3.1.4.tgz
下载到 /usr/src下
另外还有两个包mysql-5.1.41.tar.gz、php-5.3.5.tar.gz 【其他相似版本也可以！】可以在官网下载。
一、正式安装Nginx、【安装nginx之前需要安装pcre包和zlib以支持重写,正则以及网页压缩等等】
首先安装pcre：
cd /usr/src &&tar xzf pcre-8.01.tar.gz &&cd pcre-8.01 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre &&make &&make install
然后再安装nginx ：
useradd www && cd /usr/src && tar xzf nginx-0.7.61.tar.gz &&cd nginx-0.7.61 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.01 --user=www --group=www &&make &&make install
【nginx注意* --with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.01指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/pcre/Makefile] Error 127 错误】

二、接下来安装mysql

cd /usr/src && tar xzf mysql-5.1.41.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.1.41 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase && make &&make install
mysql安装完毕，创建mysql用户和组并初始化数据库，并启动数据库。
cd /usr/local/mysql && useradd mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql && /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql var/ && ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

三、安装 php ：

cd /usr/src &&tar xzf php-5.3.5.tar.gz && cd php-5.3.5 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-sockets && make &&make install

安装完毕！【注意这个参数在此可以不加--enable-fastcgi；其他之前版本需要加上，以上安装根据自己的选择添加，如果报错，根据具体报错找原因】

四、整合Nginx和php（FastCGI）安装完php-5.3.5后支持fastCGI

vi nginx.conf

user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
charset utf-8;
error_page 400 404 403 500 502 503 http://blog.mgcrazy.com;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 2k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
fastcgi_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_cache levels=1:2
keys_zone=TEST:10m
inactive=5m;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 4k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 4k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 8k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 8k;
##如下设置fastcGI_cache缓存，加速你的web站点！
fastcgi_cache TEST;
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d;
fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;
fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1;
fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;
fastcgi_cache_key http://$host$request_uri;
open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
open_file_cache_valid 30s;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
##设置301跳转，让二级域名跳转到你规定的url;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name blog.mgcrazy.com wgkgood.gicp.net linux.mgcrazy.com;
if ($host = 'wgkgood.gicp.net' ) {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://blog.mgcrazy.com/$1 permanent;
}
if ($host = 'linux.mgcrazy.com' ) {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://blog.mgcrazy.com/$1 permanent;
}
index index.php index.htm index.html;
root /home/webapps/www;
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log access;
}
}

Nginx配置完毕！启动nginx ；/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 即可,重启nginx命令如下/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –s reload

此配置文件仅供参考,感谢张宴老师！

配置fcgi.conf文件如下

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

五、配置php配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php5/etc/ && cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
然后根据提示修改php-fpm.conf里面的选项。
配置完毕后，启动php-fpm
cp /usr/src/php-5.3.5/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm 然后启动 /etc/init.d/php-fpm start 即可

六、安装apc配置：

cd /usr/src && tar xzf APC-3.1.4.tgz &&cd APC-3.1.4
/usr/local/php5/bin/phpize && ./configure --enable-apc --enable-apc-mmap --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config &&make&& make install
安装完后会生成一个apc.so在/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/里面

七、安装memcached，使fastcGI支持memcached

首先安装libevent

cd /usr/src && tar xzf libevent-1.4.12-stable.tar.gz && cd libevent-1.4.12-stable && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libevent &&make && make install
然后安装memcached
tar xzf memcache-2.2.5.tar.gz && cd memcache-2.2.5 && /usr/local/php5/bin/phpize && ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config &&make &&make install
安装完后，会在/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/里生成一个memcache.so 这个模块