Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate框架搭建实例-阿里云开发者社区

一下面所需要用到的数据库配置：

数据库方面，使用mysql创建一个users表，具体代码如下：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;

CREATE TABLE `users` (

  `UserID` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `UserName` varchar(16) NOT NULL,

  `Password` varchar(16) NOT NULL,

  `Telephone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,

  `Address` varchar(16) NOT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`UserID`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of users
-- ----------------------------

INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('1', 'aa', 'aa12', 'aa', 'aa');

INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('2', 'bb', 'bb', 'bb', 'bb');

INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('3', 'cc', 'cc', 'cc', 'cc');

INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('7', 'admin', 'admin', '12306', '北京天安门');

二创建web项目，并导入相关jar包：

创建一个dynamic web project，然后在WEB-INF/lib下导入spring和hibernate的jar包，嫌麻烦的话也可以使用我用到的jar包，链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kUse26z 。整个项目的结构是这样的：

三创建视图页面user.jsp：

路径是：/WEB-INF/jsp/user/user.jsp，代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>Message : ${message}</h1>

</body>

</html>

四根据数据库表的字段建立实体类Users.java：

实体类放在cn.zifangsky.entity包中，这里采用了注解的方式来配置，Users.java代码如下：

package cn.zifangsky.entity;
 
import javax.persistence.Column;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.GenerationType;

import javax.persistence.Id;
 
@Entity(name="users")

public class Users implements java.io.Serializable{

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)

    @Column(name="UserID")

    private Integer userId;

    @Column(name="UserName",length=16)

    private String userName;

    @Column(name="Password",length=16)

    private String password;

    @Column(name="Telephone",length=16)

    private String telephone;

    @Column(name="Address",length=16)

    private String address;

    public Users(){

    }  

    public Users(Integer userId, String userName, String password, String telephone, String address) {

        this.userId = userId;

        this.userName = userName;

        this.password = password;

        this.telephone = telephone;

        this.address = address;

    }

    public Integer getUserId() {

        return userId;

    }

    public void setUserId(Integer userId) {

        this.userId = userId;

    }

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public String getPassword() {

        return password;

    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {

        this.password = password;

    }

    public String getTelephone() {

        return telephone;

    }

    public void setTelephone(String telephone) {

        this.telephone = telephone;

    }

    public String getAddress() {

        return address;

    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {

        this.address = address;

    }
}

五处理框架整合的配置文件：

（1）首先是web.xml，路径是：WEB-INF/web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 

        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"

    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- 配置Spring -->

    <context-param>

        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

        <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring-*.xml</param-value>

    </context-param>

    <listener>

        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

    </listener>
 
    <!-- 定义DispatcherServlet -->

    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>
 
    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>
 
    <!-- 设置字符集 -->

    <filter>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>encoding</param-name>

            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

            <param-value>true</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>
 
    <!-- 控制Session的开关 -->

    <filter>

        <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>

    </filter>
 
    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

（2）spring mvc所需要用到的配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml，路径是：src/springmvc-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd ">
 
    <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 不操作静态资源 -->

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />  

    <!-- 启动自动扫描该包下所有的Bean(例如@Controller) -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.zifangsky.controller" />  

    <!-- 定义视图解析器 -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="prefix">

            <value>/WEB-INF/jsp/user/</value>

        </property>

        <property name="suffix">

            <value>.jsp</value>

        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

（3）整合hibernate所需要用到的配置文件spring-hibernate.xml，这里为了简单只用了基础的jdbc数据源，路径是src/spring-hibernate.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd   ">
 
    <!-- 声明事务管理器 -->

    <bean id="myHibTxManager"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">

        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

    </bean>
 
    <!-- 定义事务通知 -->

    <tx:advice id="tx_Advice" transaction-manager="myHibTxManager">

        <!-- 定义事务传播规则 -->

        <tx:attributes>

            <!-- 对get/load/search开头的方法应用只读事务规则 -->

            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />

            <tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />

            <tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />

            <!-- 对其他方法应用REQUIRED事务规则 -->

            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <aop:config>

        <!-- 对com.zxpm.biz包下的所有类的所有方法都应用事务规则 -->

        <aop:pointcut id="bizMethods"

            expression="execution(* cn.zifangsky.service.*.*(..))" />

        <!-- 将事务通知和切面组合 -->

        <aop:advisor advice-ref="tx_Advice" pointcut-ref="bizMethods" />

    </aop:config>
 
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->

    <bean id="dataSource"

        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/zxpm" />

        <property name="username" value="root" />

        <property name="password" value="root" />

    </bean>
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"

        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

        <property name="packagesToScan">

            <list>

                <!-- 可以加多个包 -->

                <value>cn.zifangsky.entity</value>

            </list>

        </property>

        <property name="hibernateProperties">

            <props>

                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>
 
</beans>

（4）加载bean配置文件spring-bean.xml，当然具体的一些bean将在下一环节中配置，路径：src/spring-bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd">

    <bean id="usersDAO" class="cn.zifangsky.dao.UsersDAO">

          <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="userService" class="cn.zifangsky.service.UserService">

        <property name="userDao" ref="usersDAO"></property>

    </bean>

</beans>

六业务处理DAO,Service和Controller：

（1）UsersDAO.java，在cn.zifangsky.dao这个包中：

package cn.zifangsky.dao;
 
import java.util.List;
 
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;

import org.hibernate.Query;

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateCallback;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
 
import cn.zifangsky.entity.Users;
 
public class UsersDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport{

    public List<Users> getAllUser(){

        Object execute =  super.getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {      

            public Object doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {

                 String hql="from users";

                 Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

                 return query.list();

            }

        });

        return (List<Users>) execute;    

    }
}

（2）UserService.java，在cn.zifangsky.service这个包中：

package cn.zifangsky.service;
 
import cn.zifangsky.dao.UsersDAO;
 
public class UserService {

    private UsersDAO userDao;

    public int userCount(){

        return userDao.getAllUser().size();

    }
 
    public UsersDAO getUserDao() {

        return userDao;

    }
 
    public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) {

        this.userDao = userDao;

    }
 
}

（3）UserController.java，在cn.zifangsky.controller这个包中：

package cn.zifangsky.controller;
 
import javax.annotation.Resource;
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 
import cn.zifangsky.service.UserService;
 
@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user")

public class UserController {

    @Resource(name="userService")

    private UserService service;

    @RequestMapping(value="/manager",method=RequestMethod.GET)

    public ModelAndView hello2(){

        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();

        mv.addObject("message", "HelloMVC");

        mv.setViewName("user");

        return mv;

    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/count",method=RequestMethod.GET)

    public ModelAndView count(){

        int c = service.userCount();

        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();

        mv.addObject("message", c);

        mv.setViewName("user");

        return mv;

    }
}

从上面的代码可以看出，定义了两个请求，分别是：http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/manager 和 http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/count ，分别返回一个字符串和users这个表中数据的条数。下面我们将对这两个请求进行测试

七测试：

测试结果如下：

http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/manager