一 环境搭建
首先是常规的spring mvc环境搭建，不用多说，需要注意的是，这里需要引入jackson相关jar包，然后在spring配置文件“springmvc-servlet.xml”中添加json解析相关配置，我这里的完整代码如下：
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<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
beans
xmlns
=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi
=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context
=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc
=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<
bean
id
=
"mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class
=
"org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
>
<
property
name
=
"supportedMediaTypes"
>
<
list
>
<
value
>text/html;charset=UTF-8</
value
>
<
value
>application/json;charset=UTF-8</
value
>
</
list
>
</
property
>
<
property
name
=
"objectMapper"
>
<
bean
class
=
"org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper"
>
<
property
name
=
"dateFormat"
>
<
bean
class
=
"java.text.SimpleDateFormat"
>
<
constructor-arg
type
=
"java.lang.String"
value
=
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
></
constructor-arg
>
</
bean
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<
bean
class
=
"org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"
>
<
property
name
=
"messageConverters"
>
<
list
>
<
ref
bean
=
"mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
/>
<!-- json转换器 -->
</
list
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
mvc:annotation-driven
content-negotiation-manager
=
"contentNegotiationManager"
/>
<
bean
id
=
"contentNegotiationManager"
class
=
"org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean"
>
<!-- true，开启扩展名支持，false关闭支持 -->
<
property
name
=
"favorPathExtension"
value
=
"false"
/>
<!-- 用于开启 /userinfo/123?format=json的支持 -->
<
property
name
=
"favorParameter"
value
=
"true"
/>
<!-- 设置为true以忽略对Accept Header的支持 -->
<
property
name
=
"ignoreAcceptHeader"
value
=
"false"
/>
<
property
name
=
"mediaTypes"
>
<
value
>
atom=application/atom+xml
html=text/html
json=application/json
xml=application/xml
*=*/*
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<
context:annotation-config
/>
<!-- 启动自动扫描该包下所有的Bean(例如@Controller) -->
<
context:component-scan
base-package
=
"cn.zifangsky.controller"
/>
<
mvc:default-servlet-handler
/>
<!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
<
bean
id
=
"jspViewResolver"
class
=
"org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
>
<
property
name
=
"requestContextAttribute"
value
=
"rc"
/>
<
property
name
=
"viewClass"
value
=
"org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"
/>
<
property
name
=
"prefix"
value
=
"/WEB-INF/jsp/"
/>
<
property
name
=
"suffix"
value
=
".jsp"
/>
<
property
name
=
"order"
value
=
"1"
></
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
|
项目结构：
注：我这里测试使用的完整jar包：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dEUwdmL
仅供参考
二 测试实例
（1）在WEB-INF/jsp目录下新建了一个index.jsp文件，包含了简单的jQuery的ajax请求，请求数据的格式是JSON，具体代码如下：
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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<
html
>
<
head
>
<
meta
http-equiv
=
"Content-Type"
content
=
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
>
<
base
href="<%=basePath%>">
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"scripts/jquery/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"scripts/jquery/jquery.i18n.properties-min-1.0.9.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"scripts/jquery/jquery.autocomplete.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"scripts/jquery/jquery.loadmask.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"scripts/jquery/jquery.form.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"scripts/jquery/jquery.timers.js"
></
script
>
<
title
>jQuery i18n</
title
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
>
$().ready(
function() {
$("#sub").click(
function() {
var name = $("#username").val();
var age = 18;
var user = {"username":name,"age":age};
$.ajax({
url : 'hello.json',
type : 'POST',
data : JSON.stringify(user), // Request body
contentType : 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
dataType : 'json',
success : function(response) {
//请求成功
alert("你好" + response.username + "[" + response.age + "]，当前时间是：" + response.time + "，欢迎访问：http://www.zifangsky.cn");
},
error : function(msg) {
alert(msg);
}
});
});
});
</
script
>
</
head
>
<
body
>
<
input
type
=
"text"
id
=
"username"
style
=
"width: 100px; height: 30px; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;"
>
<
input
type
=
"button"
id
=
"sub"
value
=
"Go"
style
=
"height: 40px; height: 30px;"
>
<
br
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
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（2）一个简单的model类User，代码如下：
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package
cn.zifangsky.controller;
public
class
User {
private
String username;
private
int
age;
public
String getUsername() {
return
username;
}
public
void
setUsername(String username) {
this
.username = username;
}
public
int
getAge() {
return
age;
}
public
void
setAge(
int
age) {
this
.age = age;
}
}
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（3）controller类TestController.java：
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package
cn.zifangsky.controller;
import
java.text.Format;
import
java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import
java.util.Date;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Map;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import
org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@Scope
(
"prototype"
)
public
class
TestController {
/**
* 转到页面
*/
@RequestMapping
(value =
"/hello.html"
)
public
ModelAndView list() {
ModelAndView view =
new
ModelAndView(
"index"
);
return
view;
}
/**
* ajax异步请求， 请求格式是json
*/
@RequestMapping
(value =
"/hello.json"
, method = { RequestMethod.POST })
@ResponseBody
public
Map<String, String> hello(
@RequestBody
User user) {
// 返回数据的Map集合
Map<String, String> result =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
Format format =
new
SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
);
// 返回请求的username
result.put(
"username"
, user.getUsername());
// 返回年龄
result.put(
"age"
, String.valueOf(user.getAge()));
// 返回当前时间
result.put(
"time"
, format.format(
new
Date()));
return
result;
}
}
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关于具体的执行步骤我简单说一下：
i）项目启动后，在浏览器中访问：http://localhost:8089/SpringDemo/hello.html，然后会转到执行controller中的list方法，接着会转到/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp（PS：在controller中返回的是逻辑视图，跟在springmvc-servlet.xml文件中定义的路径前缀和后缀进行拼接后合成文件的真正路径）
ii）在index.jsp页面输入文字然后点击按钮，将会触发ajax请求，这个请求会获取输入框中的数据和默认的“age”参数拼接成json格式字符串最后提交到“hello.json”这个请求，也就是执行controller中的hello方法
iii）hello方法执行完毕后会返回一系列数据最后在页面中显示出来
（4）效果如下：
本文转自 pangfc 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/983836259/1767692，如需转载请自行联系原作者
