先来一个简单的例子,有个感性认识.
create
or
replace
procedure test
is
aa number;
begin
select count(*) into aa from t_server_server;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(aa);
insert into test_test values(1, 'aaa');
commit;
end test;
aa number;
begin
select count(*) into aa from t_server_server;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(aa);
insert into test_test values(1, 'aaa');
commit;
end test;
主要是查询,打印,插入.
以下是转载
1.基本结构
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名字
(
参数1 IN NUMBER,
参数2 IN NUMBER
) IS
变量1 INTEGER :=0;
变量2 DATE;
BEGIN
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名字
(
参数1 IN NUMBER,
参数2 IN NUMBER
) IS
变量1 INTEGER :=0;
变量2 DATE;
BEGIN
END 存储过程名字
2.SELECT INTO STATEMENT
将select查询的结果存入到变量中,可以同时将多个列存储多个变量中,必须有一条
记录,否则抛出异常(如果没有记录抛出NO_DATA_FOUND)
例子:
BEGIN
SELECT col1,col2 into 变量1,变量2 FROM typestruct where xxx;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
xxxx;
END;
...
3.IF 判断
IF V_TEST=1 THEN
BEGIN
do something
END;
END IF;
4.while 循环
WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP
BEGIN
XXXX
END;
END LOOP;
5.变量赋值
V_TEST := 123;
6.用for in 使用cursor
...
IS
CURSOR cur IS SELECT * FROM xxx;
BEGIN
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP
BEGIN
V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2
END;
END LOOP;
END;
7.带参数的cursor
CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID;
OPEN C_USER(变量值);
LOOP
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME;
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND;
do something
END LOOP;
CLOSE C_USER;
8.用pl/sql developer debug
连接数据库后建立一个Test WINDOW
在窗口输入调用SP的代码,F9开始debug,CTRL+N单步调试
2.SELECT INTO STATEMENT
将select查询的结果存入到变量中,可以同时将多个列存储多个变量中,必须有一条
记录,否则抛出异常(如果没有记录抛出NO_DATA_FOUND)
例子:
BEGIN
SELECT col1,col2 into 变量1,变量2 FROM typestruct where xxx;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
xxxx;
END;
...
3.IF 判断
IF V_TEST=1 THEN
BEGIN
do something
END;
END IF;
4.while 循环
WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP
BEGIN
XXXX
END;
END LOOP;
5.变量赋值
V_TEST := 123;
6.用for in 使用cursor
...
IS
CURSOR cur IS SELECT * FROM xxx;
BEGIN
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP
BEGIN
V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2
END;
END LOOP;
END;
7.带参数的cursor
CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID;
OPEN C_USER(变量值);
LOOP
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME;
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND;
do something
END LOOP;
CLOSE C_USER;
8.用pl/sql developer debug
连接数据库后建立一个Test WINDOW
在窗口输入调用SP的代码,F9开始debug,CTRL+N单步调试
关于oracle存储过程的若干问题备忘
select
a.appname
from
appinfo a;
--
正确
select a.appname from appinfo as a; -- 错误
select a.appname from appinfo as a; -- 错误
select
af.keynode
into
kn
from
APPFOUNDATION af
where
af.appid
=
aid
and
af.foundationid
=
fid;
--
有into,正确编译
select af.keynode from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = aid and af.foundationid = fid; -- 没有into,编译报错,提示:Compilation
Error: PLS - 00428 : an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
select af.keynode from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = aid and af.foundationid = fid; -- 没有into,编译报错,提示:Compilation
Error: PLS - 00428 : an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
可以在该语法之前,先利用
select count(*) from 查看数据库中是否存在该记录,如果存在,再利用select...into...
4.在存储过程中,别名不能和字段名称相同,否则虽然编译可以通过,但在运行阶段会报错
select
keynode
into
kn
from
APPFOUNDATION
where
appid
=
aid
and
foundationid
=
fid;
--
正确运行
select af.keynode into kn from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = appid and af.foundationid = foundationid; -- 运行阶段报错,提示
ORA - 01422 :exact fetch returns more than requested number of rows
select af.keynode into kn from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = appid and af.foundationid = foundationid; -- 运行阶段报错,提示
ORA - 01422 :exact fetch returns more than requested number of rows
假设有一个表A,定义如下:
如果在存储过程中,使用如下语句:
如果A表中不存在bid="xxxxxx"的记录,则fcount=null(即使fcount定义时设置了默认值,如:fcount number(8):=0依然无效,fcount还是会变成null),这样以后使用fcount时就可能有问题,所以在这里最好先判断一下:
这样就一切ok了。
6.Hibernate调用oracle存储过程
create
table
A(
id varchar2 ( 50 ) primary key not null ,
vcount number ( 8 ) not null ,
bid varchar2 ( 50 ) not null -- 外键
);
id varchar2 ( 50 ) primary key not null ,
vcount number ( 8 ) not null ,
bid varchar2 ( 50 ) not null -- 外键
);
select sum(vcount) into fcount from A
where
bid
=
'
xxxxxx
'
;
if
fcount
is
null
then
fcount: = 0 ;
end if ;
fcount: = 0 ;
end if ;
this
.pnumberManager.getHibernateTemplate().execute(
new HibernateCallback() {
public Object doInHibernate(Session session)
throws HibernateException, SQLException {
CallableStatement cs = session
.connection()
.prepareCall("{call modifyapppnumber_remain(?)}");
cs.setString(1, foundationid);
cs.execute();
return null;
}
} );
new HibernateCallback() {
public Object doInHibernate(Session session)
throws HibernateException, SQLException {
CallableStatement cs = session
.connection()
.prepareCall("{call modifyapppnumber_remain(?)}");
cs.setString(1, foundationid);
cs.execute();
return null;
}
} );
Oracle存储过程包含三部分:过程声明,执行过程部分,存储过程异常。
Oracle存储过程可以有无参数存储过程和带参数存储过程。
一 、无参程序过程语法
一 、无参程序过程语法
1 create or replace procedure
NoParPro
2 as ;
3 begin
4 ;
5 exception //存储过程异常
6 ;
7 end ;
8
2 as ;
3 begin
4 ;
5 exception //存储过程异常
6 ;
7 end ;
8
二、带参存储过程实例
1 create or replace procedure queryempname(sfindno emp.empno%type) as
2 sName emp.ename% type;
3 sjob emp.job% type;
4 begin
5 ....
7 exception
....
14 end ;
15
2 sName emp.ename% type;
3 sjob emp.job% type;
4 begin
5 ....
7 exception
....
14 end ;
15
三、 带参数存储过程含赋值方式
1 create or replace procedure runbyparmeters (isal in emp.sal%
type,
sname out varchar,sjob in out varchar )
2 as icount number ;
3 begin
4 select count(*) into icount from emp where sal>isal and job= sjob;
5 if icount=1 then
6 ....
9 else
10 ....
12 end if ;
13 exception
14 when too_many_rows then
15 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('返回值多于1行' );
16 when others then
17 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('在RUNBYPARMETERS过程中出错!' );
18 end ;
19
sname out varchar,sjob in out varchar )
2 as icount number ;
3 begin
4 select count(*) into icount from emp where sal>isal and job= sjob;
5 if icount=1 then
6 ....
9 else
10 ....
12 end if ;
13 exception
14 when too_many_rows then
15 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('返回值多于1行' );
16 when others then
17 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('在RUNBYPARMETERS过程中出错!' );
18 end ;
19
四、在Oracle中对存储过程的调用
过程调用 方式一
1 declare
2 realsal emp.sal% type;
3 realname varchar(40 );
4 realjob varchar(40 );
5 begin //存储过程调用开始
6 realsal:=1100 ;
7 realname:='' ;
8 realjob:='CLERK' ;
9 runbyparmeters(realsal,realname,realjob); -- 必须按顺序
10 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(REALNAME||' '|| REALJOB);
11 END ; //过程调用结束
12
2 realsal emp.sal% type;
3 realname varchar(40 );
4 realjob varchar(40 );
5 begin //存储过程调用开始
6 realsal:=1100 ;
7 realname:='' ;
8 realjob:='CLERK' ;
9 runbyparmeters(realsal,realname,realjob); -- 必须按顺序
10 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(REALNAME||' '|| REALJOB);
11 END ; //过程调用结束
12
过程调用方式二
1 declare
2 realsal emp.sal% type;
3 realname varchar(40 );
4 realjob varchar(40 );
5 begin //过程调用开始
6 realsal:=1100 ;
7 realname:='' ;
8 realjob:='CLERK' ;
9 runbyparmeters(sname=>realname,isal=>realsal,sjob=>realjob); -- 指定值对应变量顺序可变
10 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(REALNAME||' '|| REALJOB);
11 END ; //过程调用结束
12
2 realsal emp.sal% type;
3 realname varchar(40 );
4 realjob varchar(40 );
5 begin //过程调用开始
6 realsal:=1100 ;
7 realname:='' ;
8 realjob:='CLERK' ;
9 runbyparmeters(sname=>realname,isal=>realsal,sjob=>realjob); -- 指定值对应变量顺序可变
10 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(REALNAME||' '|| REALJOB);
11 END ; //过程调用结束
12
至此,有关ORACLE的基本存储过程以及对Oracle存储过程的调用方式介绍完毕。
本文转自chainli 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/lichen/169020,如需转载请自行联系原作者