Android SearchView 搜索框

如果对这个效果感觉不错, 请往下看.

背景: 天气预报app, 本地数据库存储70个大中城市的基本信息, 根据用户输入的或通过搜索框选取的城市, 点击查询按钮后, 异步请求国家气象局数据, 得到返回的json解析并显示.

1. 先说AndroidManifest.xml文件

1. <uses-sdk 
2.     android:minSdkVersion="11" 
3.     android:targetSdkVersion="16" /> 
4.  
5. <application> 
6.     <activity 
7.         android:name="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity" 
8.         android:launchMode="singleTop" 
9.         android:label="@string/app_name" > 
10.         <intent-filter> 
11.             <!-- 省略 --> 
12.         </intent-filter> 
13.          
14. <!-- 关注1 -->
15.         <!-- Receives the search request. --> 
16.         <intent-filter> 
17.             <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH" /> 
18.             <!-- No category needed, because the Intent will specify this class component--> 
19.         </intent-filter> 
20.  
21.         <!-- Points to searchable meta data. --> 
22.         <meta-data android:name="android.app.searchable" 
23.                    android:resource="@xml/searchable" /> 
24. <!-- /关注1 -->
25.          
26.     </activity> 
27.     <provider android:name="com.lichen.db.CityContentProvider" 
28.         android:authorities="com.lichen.cityprovider" 
29.         android:label="@string/app_name"></provider> 
30.      
31. <!-- 关注2 -->
32.     <!-- Points to searchable activity so the whole app can invoke search. --> 
33.     <meta-data android:name="android.app.default_searchable" 
34.                android:value="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity" /> 
35. <!-- /关注2 -->
36.      
37. </application> 

2. menu菜单里面加入

1. <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > 
2.  
3.     <item android:id="@+id/search" 
4.           android:title="@string/menu_search" 
5.           android:showAsAction="collapseActionView|ifRoom" 
6.           android:actionViewClass="android.widget.SearchView" /> 
7.  
8. </menu> 

3. 然后在res目录下新建xml/searchable.xml

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
2. <searchable xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
3.         android:label="@string/search_label" 
4.         android:hint="@string/search_hint" 
5.         android:searchSuggestAuthority="com.lichen.cityprovider" 
6.         android:searchSuggestIntentAction="android.intent.action.VIEW" 
7.         android:searchSuggestIntentData="content://com.lichen.cityprovider/city" 
8.         android:searchSuggestSelection=" ?" 
9.         android:searchSuggestThreshold="1"  
10.         android:includeInGlobalSearch="true"> 
11.  </searchable> 

字符串尽量使用@string/search_label这种方式.

4. Activity中

因为注册Activity的启动方式为android:launchMode="singleTop",需要Activity的protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {}来交互.

1. @Override 
2. protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) { 
3.     handleIntent(intent); 
4. } 
5.  
6. private void handleIntent(Intent intent) { 
7.        if (Intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(intent.getAction())) { 
8.            //查询数据库 
9.            Cursor searchCursor = getContentResolver().query(intent.getData(), null, null, null, null); 
10.            if (searchCursor != null && searchCursor.moveToFirst()) { 
11.             cityInput.setText(searchCursor.getString(searchCursor.getColumnIndex(City.CITY_DESCRIBE))); 
12.         } 
13.    } 
14.  
15. @Override 
16. public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { 
17.     getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_weather, menu); 
18.      
19.     SearchManager searchManager = (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE); 
20.     SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView(); 
21.     searchView.setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName())); 
22.     searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false); 
23.     return true; 
24. } 

以上的在网上可以搜索到,接下来是重点...

5. 需要数据库支持

1. public class CityDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { 
2.  
3.     protected static final String DATABASE_NAME = "city.db"; 
4.     protected static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 6; 
5.     public  String[] columns = new String[] { 
6.             SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, 
7.             SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2, 
8.             SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1, 
9.             SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2, 
10.             BaseColumns._ID, 
11.             SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID};  
12.      
13.     private static final HashMap<String,String> mColumnMap = buildColumnMap(); 
14.      
15.     public CityDatabaseHelper(Context context) { 
16.         super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION); 
17.     } 
18.  
19.     private static HashMap<String,String> buildColumnMap() { 
20.         HashMap<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>(); 
21.         map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, City.CITY_DESCRIBE + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1); 
22.         map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2, City.CITY_NICKNAME + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2); 
23.         map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1, City.CITY_IMG + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1); 
24.         map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2, City.CITY_IMG_2 + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2); 
25.         map.put(BaseColumns._ID, "rowid AS " + BaseColumns._ID); 
26.         map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID, "rowid AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID); 
27.         return map; 
28.     } 
29.      
30.     @Override 
31.     public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { 
32.         db.execSQL("create table " 
33.                 + City.TABLE_NAME 
34.                 + "(_id integer primary key autoincrement, city_id integer, city_name text, city_nickname text, city_describe text, city_img text, city_img_2 text)"); 
35.     } 
36.  
37.     @Override 
38.     public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { 
39.         db.execSQL("drop table if exists " + City.TABLE_NAME); 
40.         onCreate(db); 
41.     } 
42.  
43.     /** 
44.      * 用于ContentProvider调用,使用like的模糊查询
45.      */ 
46.     public Cursor search(String keyWord){ 
47.         SQLiteQueryBuilder builder=new SQLiteQueryBuilder(); 
48.         builder.setTables(City.TABLE_NAME); 
49.         builder.setProjectionMap(mColumnMap);    
50.         SQLiteDatabase db=getReadableDatabase(); 
51.          
52.         return builder.query(db, columns, City.CITY_NAME + " like ? " + " or " + City.CITY_NICKNAME +" like ? ", new String[]{"%"+keyWord+"%", "%"+keyWord+"%"}, null, null,null); 
53.     } 
54. } 

6. 完成searchable.xml里面注册的ContentProvider

1. public class CityContentProvider extends ContentProvider { 
2.  
3.     public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.lichen.cityprovider"; 
4.      
5.     private SQLiteDatabase db; 
6.     private CityDatabaseHelper dbHelper; 
7.      
8.     private static final int QUERY_NORMAL= 1; 
9.     private static final int QUERY_BY_ID= 2; 
10.     private  static final  int QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME= 3; 
11.      
12.     public static UriMatcher uriMatcher; 
13.     static{ 
14.         uriMatcher=new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH); 
15.          
16.         uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city", QUERY_NORMAL); 
17.         uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city/#", QUERY_BY_ID); 
18.          
19.         uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY, QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME); 
20.         uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY + "/*", QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME); 
21.     } 
22.      
23.     @Override 
24.     public boolean onCreate() { 
25.         dbHelper = new CityDatabaseHelper(getContext()); 
26.         return dbHelper != null; 
27.     } 
28.  
29.     @Override 
30.     public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, 
31.             String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) { 
32.         db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase(); 
33.         switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { 
34.         case QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME: 
35.             return dbHelper.search(selectionArgs[0]); 
36.         default: 
37.             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri); 
38.         } 
39.     } 
40. } 

like模糊查询对于大数据量效果可想而知,FTS3的支持还未尝试,详情参考Android SDK里面的Samples/SearchableDictionary

本文转自chainli 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/lichen/1192652，如需转载请自行联系原作者