Android SearchView 搜索框

如果对这个效果感觉不错, 请往下看.

背景: 天气预报app, 本地数据库存储70个大中城市的基本信息, 根据用户输入的或通过搜索框选取的城市, 点击查询按钮后, 异步请求国家气象局数据, 得到返回的json解析并显示.

1. 先说AndroidManifest.xml文件

 
 


  
  
<uses-sdk 

  
  
    android:minSdkVersion="11" 

  
  
    android:targetSdkVersion="16" /> 

  
  
 

  
  
<application> 

  
  
    <activity 

  
  
        android:name="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity" 

  
  
        android:launchMode="singleTop" 

  
  
        android:label="@string/app_name" > 

  
  
        <intent-filter> 

  
  
            <!-- 省略 --> 

  
  
        </intent-filter> 

  
  
         

  
  
<!-- 关注1 -->

  
  
        <!-- Receives the search request. --> 

  
  
        <intent-filter> 

  
  
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH" /> 

  
  
            <!-- No category needed, because the Intent will specify this class component--> 

  
  
        </intent-filter> 

  
  
 

  
  
        <!-- Points to searchable meta data. --> 

  
  
        <meta-data android:name="android.app.searchable" 

  
  
                   android:resource="@xml/searchable" /> 

  
  
<!-- /关注1 -->

  
  
         

  
  
    </activity> 

  
  
    <provider android:name="com.lichen.db.CityContentProvider" 

  
  
        android:authorities="com.lichen.cityprovider" 

  
  
        android:label="@string/app_name"></provider> 

  
  
     

  
  
<!-- 关注2 -->

  
  
    <!-- Points to searchable activity so the whole app can invoke search. --> 

  
  
    <meta-data android:name="android.app.default_searchable" 

  
  
               android:value="com.lichen.weather.WeatherActivity" /> 

  
  
<!-- /关注2 -->

  
  
     

  
  
</application> 
 
 

2. menu菜单里面加入

 
 


  
  
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > 

  
  
 

  
  
    <item android:id="@+id/search" 

  
  
          android:title="@string/menu_search" 

  
  
          android:showAsAction="collapseActionView|ifRoom" 

  
  
          android:actionViewClass="android.widget.SearchView" /> 

  
  
 

  
  
</menu> 
 
 

3. 然后在res目录下新建xml/searchable.xml

 
 


  
  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 

  
  
<searchable xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 

  
  
        android:label="@string/search_label" 

  
  
        android:hint="@string/search_hint" 

  
  
        android:searchSuggestAuthority="com.lichen.cityprovider" 

  
  
        android:searchSuggestIntentAction="android.intent.action.VIEW" 

  
  
        android:searchSuggestIntentData="content://com.lichen.cityprovider/city" 

  
  
        android:searchSuggestSelection=" ?" 

  
  
        android:searchSuggestThreshold="1"  

  
  
        android:includeInGlobalSearch="true"> 

  
  
 </searchable> 
 
 

字符串尽量使用@string/search_label这种方式.

4. Activity中

因为注册Activity的启动方式为android:launchMode="singleTop",需要Activity的protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {}来交互.

 
 


  
  
@Override 

  
  
protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) { 

  
  
    handleIntent(intent); 

  
  
} 

  
  
 

  
  
private void handleIntent(Intent intent) { 

  
  
       if (Intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(intent.getAction())) { 

  
  
           //查询数据库 

  
  
           Cursor searchCursor = getContentResolver().query(intent.getData(), null, null, null, null); 

  
  
           if (searchCursor != null && searchCursor.moveToFirst()) { 

  
  
            cityInput.setText(searchCursor.getString(searchCursor.getColumnIndex(City.CITY_DESCRIBE))); 

  
  
        } 

  
  
   } 

  
  
 

  
  
@Override 

  
  
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { 

  
  
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_weather, menu); 

  
  
     

  
  
    SearchManager searchManager = (SearchManager) getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE); 

  
  
    SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.search).getActionView(); 

  
  
    searchView.setSearchableInfo(searchManager.getSearchableInfo(getComponentName())); 

  
  
    searchView.setIconifiedByDefault(false); 

  
  
    return true; 

  
  
} 
 
 

以上的在网上可以搜索到,接下来是重点...

5. 需要数据库支持

 
 


  
  
public class CityDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { 

  
  
 

  
  
    protected static final String DATABASE_NAME = "city.db"; 

  
  
    protected static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 6; 

  
  
    public  String[] columns = new String[] { 

  
  
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, 

  
  
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2, 

  
  
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1, 

  
  
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2, 

  
  
            BaseColumns._ID, 

  
  
            SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID};  

  
  
     

  
  
    private static final HashMap<String,String> mColumnMap = buildColumnMap(); 

  
  
     

  
  
    public CityDatabaseHelper(Context context) { 

  
  
        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION); 

  
  
    } 

  
  
 

  
  
    private static HashMap<String,String> buildColumnMap() { 

  
  
        HashMap<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>(); 

  
  
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, City.CITY_DESCRIBE + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1); 

  
  
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2, City.CITY_NICKNAME + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2); 

  
  
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1, City.CITY_IMG + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1); 

  
  
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2, City.CITY_IMG_2 + " as "+SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2); 

  
  
        map.put(BaseColumns._ID, "rowid AS " + BaseColumns._ID); 

  
  
        map.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID, "rowid AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID); 

  
  
        return map; 

  
  
    } 

  
  
     

  
  
    @Override 

  
  
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { 

  
  
        db.execSQL("create table " 

  
  
                + City.TABLE_NAME 

  
  
                + "(_id integer primary key autoincrement, city_id integer, city_name text, city_nickname text, city_describe text, city_img text, city_img_2 text)"); 

  
  
    } 

  
  
 

  
  
    @Override 

  
  
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { 

  
  
        db.execSQL("drop table if exists " + City.TABLE_NAME); 

  
  
        onCreate(db); 

  
  
    } 

  
  
 

  
  
    /** 

  
  
     * 用于ContentProvider调用,使用like的模糊查询

  
  
     */ 

  
  
    public Cursor search(String keyWord){ 

  
  
        SQLiteQueryBuilder builder=new SQLiteQueryBuilder(); 

  
  
        builder.setTables(City.TABLE_NAME); 

  
  
        builder.setProjectionMap(mColumnMap);    

  
  
        SQLiteDatabase db=getReadableDatabase(); 

  
  
         

  
  
        return builder.query(db, columns, City.CITY_NAME + " like ? " + " or " + City.CITY_NICKNAME +" like ? ", new String[]{"%"+keyWord+"%", "%"+keyWord+"%"}, null, null,null); 

  
  
    } 

  
  
} 
 
 

6. 完成searchable.xml里面注册的ContentProvider

 
 


  
  
public class CityContentProvider extends ContentProvider { 

  
  
 

  
  
    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.lichen.cityprovider"; 

  
  
     

  
  
    private SQLiteDatabase db; 

  
  
    private CityDatabaseHelper dbHelper; 

  
  
     

  
  
    private static final int QUERY_NORMAL= 1; 

  
  
    private static final int QUERY_BY_ID= 2; 

  
  
    private  static final  int QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME= 3; 

  
  
     

  
  
    public static UriMatcher uriMatcher; 

  
  
    static{ 

  
  
        uriMatcher=new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH); 

  
  
         

  
  
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city", QUERY_NORMAL); 

  
  
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,"city/#", QUERY_BY_ID); 

  
  
         

  
  
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY, QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME); 

  
  
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY,SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY + "/*", QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME); 

  
  
    } 

  
  
     

  
  
    @Override 

  
  
    public boolean onCreate() { 

  
  
        dbHelper = new CityDatabaseHelper(getContext()); 

  
  
        return dbHelper != null; 

  
  
    } 

  
  
 

  
  
    @Override 

  
  
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, 

  
  
            String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) { 

  
  
        db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase(); 

  
  
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) { 

  
  
        case QUERY_SEARCH_CITY_NAME: 

  
  
            return dbHelper.search(selectionArgs[0]); 

  
  
        default: 

  
  
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown Uri: " + uri); 

  
  
        } 

  
  
    } 

  
  
} 
 
 

like模糊查询对于大数据量效果可想而知,FTS3的支持还未尝试,详情参考Android SDK里面的Samples/SearchableDictionary

本文转自chainli 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/lichen/1192652，如需转载请自行联系原作者