mysql备份恢复“故障”总结

从A主机备份到B主机

1. mysqldump -uroot  -p vw>vw.sql
2. 现备份数据库文件，需要恢复到目标机B，B的数据库版本为5.5.23，A机器的mysql版本为5.0.22

1. mysql>source /root/vw.sql;
2. ……………………………………………………
3. Query OK, 6748 rows affected (0.13 sec) 
4. Records: 6748  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
5. Query OK, 6807 rows affected (0.12 sec) 
6. Records: 6807  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
7. Query OK, 6752 rows affected (0.13 sec) 
8. Records: 6752  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
9. Query OK, 6659 rows affected (0.13 sec) 
10. Records: 6659  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
11. Query OK, 6676 rows affected (0.13 sec) 
12. Records: 6676  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
13. Query OK, 6583 rows affected (0.12 sec) 
14. Records: 6583  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
15. Query OK, 6598 rows affected (0.13 sec) 
16. Records: 6598  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0 
17. ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '' at line 1 
18. mysql>  

在B机器上面导入的时候出现以上错误，排除数据库本身问题，后来通过navicat工具备份A的数据，再次导入机器B却成功了。

经过测试发现是字符集问题导致。解决办法如下

在A机器上面备份，使用如下命令，恢复到B机器，测试OK。

1. mysqldump -uroot --default-character-set=utf8  -p vw>vw.sql 

1. mysql> show variables like '%char%'; 
2. +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
3. | Variable_name            | Value                      | 
4. +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
5. | character_set_client     | latin1                     |  
6. | character_set_connection | latin1                     |  
7. | character_set_database   | latin1                     |  
8. | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |  
9. | character_set_results    | latin1                     |  
10. | character_set_server     | latin1                     |  
11. | character_set_system     | utf8                       |  
12. | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |  
13. +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 

二、查看 MySQL 数据表（table） 的字符集。

1. mysql> show full columns from s_type;    
2. +---------+------------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+ 
3. | Field   | Type                   | Collation       | Null | Key | Default | Extra          | Privileges                      | Comment | 
4. +---------+------------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+ 
5. | tid     | mediumint(10) unsigned | NULL            | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment | select,insert,update,references |         |  
6. | tname   | varchar(125)           | utf8_general_ci | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |  
7. | en-name | varchar(125)           | utf8_general_ci | NO   |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |  
8. | type    | tinyint(3)             | NULL            | NO   |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |  
9. +---------+------------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+ 

1. mysql> show full columns from s_type;   
2. +---------+------------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+ 
3. | Field   | Type                   | Collation       | Null | Key | Default | Extra          | Privileges                      | Comment | 
4. +---------+------------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+ 
5. | tid     | mediumint(10) unsigned | NULL            | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment | select,insert,update,references |         |  
6. | tname   | varchar(125)           | utf8_general_ci | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |  
7. | en-name | varchar(125)           | utf8_general_ci | NO   |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |  
8. | type    | tinyint(3)             | NULL            | NO   |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,update,references |         |  
9. +---------+------------------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+---------------------------------+---------+ 

1. mysql>show char set; 
2. mysql>show charset;   
3. +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+ 
4. | Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen | 
5. +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+ 
6. | big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 |  
7. | dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 |  
8. | cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |      1 |  
9. | hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |      1 |  
10. | koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 |  
11. | latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 |  
12. | latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |      1 |  
13. | swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 |  
14. | ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |      1 |  
15. | ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 |  
16. | sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 |  
17. | hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 |  
18. | tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 |  
19. | euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 |  
20. | koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 |  
21. | gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 |  
22. | greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |      1 |  
23. | cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 |  
24. | gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 |  
25. | latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 |  
26. | armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |      1 |  
27. | utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |      3 |  
28. | ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 |  
29. | cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |      1 |  
30. | keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |      1 |  
31. | macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |      1 |  
32. | macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |      1 |  
33. | cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |      1 |  
34. | latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |      1 |  
35. | cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 |  
36. | cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 |  
37. | cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 |  
38. | binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |      1 |  
39. | geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |      1 |  
40. | cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 |  
41. | eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |  
42. +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+ 

五，修改mysql默认字符设置 

1. vi  /etc/my.cnf 
2. 在[client]下添加 
3. default-character-set=utf8 
4. 在[mysqld]下添加 
5. default-character-set=utf8 
6. 然后重启mysql 
7. service mysqld restart 

1. mysql>use mydb 
2. mysql>alter database mydb character set utf-8; 

1. mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8; 

1. default-character-set=latin1 
2. default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci 

1. default-character-set=utf8 
2. default-collation=utf8_general_ci 

1. # /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart 

1. mysql> set character_set_client=utf8; 
2. mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8; 
3. mysql> set character_set_database=utf8; 
4. mysql> set character_set_results=utf8; 
5. mysql> set character_set_server=utf8; 
6. mysql> set character_set_system=utf8; 
7. mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;) 
8. mysql> set collation_database=utf8; 
9. mysql> set collation_server=utf8; 

1. mysql> show variables like  'character_set_%'; 
2. +---------------------------+---------------------------+ 
3. | Variable_name             | Value                     | 
4. +---------------------------+---------------------------+ 
5. | character_set_client      | utf8                      | 
6. | character_set_connection  | utf8                      | 
7. | character_set_database    | utf8                      | 
8. | character_set_filesystem  | binary                    | 
9. | character_set_results     | utf8                      | 
10. | character_set_server      | utf8                      | 
11. | character_set_system      | utf8                      | 
12. | character_sets_dir        | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/| 
13. +---------------------------+----------------------------+ 

1. mysql> show variables like 'collation_%'; 
2. +----------------------+-----------------+ 
3. | Variable_name        | Value           | 
4. +----------------------+-----------------+ 
5. | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | 
6. | collation_database   | utf8_general_ci | 
7. | collation_server     | utf8_general_ci | 
8. +----------------------+-----------------+ 

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