简介
Part1:写在最前
自动化运维是一个DBA应该掌握的技术，其中，自动化安装数据库是一项基本的技能，本文中的安装脚本已通过测试，作为生产库来说没有问题，鉴于每个公司存储规划要求不同，可以按需自行修改脚本。
由于源码安装费时费力，rpm包可定制性差，生产库一般采用二进制安装包，本文的安装包为二进制安装文件，本文使用的是mysql-5.6.25-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz,如版本不同，替换第109、110行的tar命令后的mysql安装包名即可
Part2:新特性简介
本脚本默认启用5.6部分新特性
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1 它dump的不是数据，是Id号
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1
开启这个两个参数当数据库重启后把这些热数据重新加载回去
只有正常关库才会dump热数据块，宕机和kill -9不会
部分参数按需整改，例如innodb_buffer_pool_size,本文给的512M，一般为内存的50%-80%
来看一下脚本的具体情况
实战
Part1:自动化脚本
[root@HE3 ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh
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###### 二进制自动安装数据库脚本root密码MANAGER将脚本和安装包放在/root目录即可###############
######数据库目录/usr/local/mysql############
######数据目录/data/mysql############
######日志目录/log/mysql############
######端口号默认3306其余参数按需自行修改############
##################
#author：rrhelei@126.com#
##################
#!/bin/bash
PATH=
/bin
:
/sbin
:
/usr/bin
:
/usr/sbin
:
/opt/bin
:
/opt/sbin
:~
/bin
export
PATH
# Check if user is root
if
[ $(
id
-u) !=
"0"
];
then
echo
"Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install"
exit
1
fi
clear
echo
"========================================================================="
echo
"A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.6.25 on Redhat/CentOS Linux "
echo
"========================================================================="
cur_dir=$(
pwd
)
#set mysql root password
echo
"==========================="
mysqlrootpwd=
"MANAGER"
echo
-e
"Please input the root password of mysql:"
read
-p
"(Default password: MANAGER):"
mysqlrootpwd
if
[
"$mysqlrootpwd"
=
""
];
then
mysqlrootpwd=
"MANAGER"
fi
echo
"==========================="
echo
"MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd"
echo
"==========================="
#which MySQL Version do you want to install?
echo
"==========================="
isinstallmysql56=
"n"
echo
"Install MySQL 5.6.25,Please input y"
read
-p
"(Please input y , n):"
isinstallmysql56
case
"$isinstallmysql56"
in
y|Y|Yes|YES|
yes
|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS)
echo
"You will install MySQL 5.6.25"
isinstallmysql56=
"y"
;;
*)
echo
"INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.6.25"
isinstallmysql56=
"n"
exit
esac
get_char()
{
SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
stty -
echo
stty cbreak
#dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
stty -raw
stty
echo
stty $SAVEDSTTY
}
echo
""
echo
"Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"
char=`get_char`
# Initialize the installation related content.
function
InitInstall()
{
cat
/etc/issue
uname
-a
MemTotal=`
free
-m |
grep
Mem |
awk
'{print $2}'
`
echo
-e
"\n Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB "
#Set timezone
#rm -rf /etc/localtime
#ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
#Delete Old Mysql program
rpm -qa|
grep
mysql
rpm -e mysql
#yum -y remove mysql-server mysql mysql-libs
#yum -y remove php-mysql
#yum -y install yum-fastestmirror
#yum -y update
#Disable SeLinux
if
[ -s
/etc/selinux/config
];
then
sed
-i
's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g'
/etc/selinux/config
fi
setenforce 0
}
#Installation of depend on and optimization options.
function
InstallDependsAndOpt()
{
cd
$cur_dir
cat
>>
/etc/security/limits
.conf<<EOF
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
EOF
echo
"fs.file-max=65535"
>>
/etc/sysctl
.conf
}
#Install MySQL
function
InstallMySQL56()
{
echo
"============================Install MySQL 5.6.22=================================="
cd
$cur_dir
#Backup old my.cnf
#rm -f /etc/my.cnf
if
[ -s
/etc/my
.cnf ];
then
mv
/etc/my
.cnf
/etc/my
.cnf.`
date
+%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak
fi
#mysql directory configuration
groupadd mysql -g 512
useradd
-u 512 -g mysql -s
/sbin/nologin
-d
/home/mysql
mysql
tar
xvf
/root/mysql-5
.6.25-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.
tar
.gz
mv
/root/mysql-5
.6.25-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
/usr/local/mysql
mkdir
-p
/data/mysql
mkdir
-p
/log/mysql
chown
-R mysql:mysql
/data/mysql
chown
-R mysql:mysql
/usr/local/mysql
chown
-R mysql:mysql
/log
#edit /etc/my.cnf
SERVERID=`
ifconfig
eth0 |
grep
"inet addr"
|
awk
'{ print $2}'
|
awk
-F.
'{ print $3$4}'
`
cat
>>
/etc/my
.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port= 3306
socket=
/tmp/mysql
.sock
default-character-
set
=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-
set
=utf8
[mysqld]
port= 3306
socket=
/tmp/mysql
.sock
basedir=
/usr/local/mysql
datadir=
/data/mysql
open_files_limit = 3072
back_log = 103
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 100000
table_open_cache = 512
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 51
query_cache_size = 32M
tmp_table_size = 96M
max_heap_table_size = 96M
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file =
/log/mysql/slow
.log
log-error =
/log/mysql/error
.log
long_query_time = 1
server-
id
= $SERVERID
log-bin = mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 4096M
max_binlog_size = 1024M
expire_logs_days = 60
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
character-
set
-server=utf8
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
binlog_format = row
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
#log_slave_updates=1
#gtid_mode=on
#enforce_gtid_consistency=1
#innodb_write_io_threads = 8
#innodb_read_io_threads = 8
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
#innodb_data_home_dir =
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0
wait_timeout = 14400
interactive_timeout = 14400
skip-name-resolve
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
EOF
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db
--basedir=
/usr/local/mysql
--datadir=
/data/mysql
--defaults-
file
=
/etc/my
.cnf --user=mysql
cp
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql
.server
/etc/init
.d
/mysqld
chmod
700
/etc/init
.d
/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
cat
>>
/etc/ld
.so.conf.d
/mysql-x86_64
.conf<<EOF
/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF
ldconfig
if
[ -d
"/proc/vz"
];
then
ulimit
-s unlimited
fi
/etc/init
.d
/mysqld
start
cat
>>
/etc/profile
<<EOF
export
PATH=$PATH:
/usr/local/mysql/bin
export
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:
/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF
source
/etc/profile
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
-u root password $mysqlrootpwd
cat
>
/tmp/mysql_sec_script
<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from mysql.user where user!=
'root'
or host!=
'localhost'
;
grant all privileges on *.* to
'sys_admin'
@
'%'
identified by
'MANAGER'
;
flush privileges;
EOF
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
-u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost <
/tmp/mysql_sec_script
#rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script
/etc/init
.d
/mysqld
restart
echo
"============================MySQL 5.6.25 install completed========================="
}
function
CheckInstall()
{
echo
"===================================== Check install ==================================="
clear
ismysql=
""
echo
"Checking..."
if
[ -s
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
] && [ -s
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
] && [ -s
/etc/my
.cnf ];
then
echo
"MySQL: OK"
ismysql=
"ok"
else
echo
"Error: /usr/local/mysql not found!!!MySQL install failed."
fi
if
[
"$ismysql"
=
"ok"
];
then
echo
"Install MySQL 5.6.25 completed! enjoy it."
echo
"========================================================================="
netstat
-ntl
else
echo
"Sorry,Failed to install MySQL!"
echo
"You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server."
fi
}
#The installation log
InitInstall 2>&1 |
tee
/root/mysql-install
.log
CheckAndDownloadFiles 2>&1 |
tee
-a
/root/mysql-install
.log
InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 |
tee
-a
/root/mysql-install
.log
InstallMySQL56 2>&1 |
tee
-a
/root/mysql-install
.log
CheckInstall 2>&1 |
tee
-a
/root/mysql-install
.log
|
Part2:安装
下载完毕安装包，将脚本和安装文件放在/root目录下，执行上述脚本即可（如不是5.6.25版本，需修改脚本132、133行为对应版本号）
[root@HE3 ~]# sh -x mysql_auto_install.sh
如首次安装，请再次执行source /etc/profile
[root@HE3 ~]# source /etc/profile
验证
执行脚本后，输入用户名密码（默认MANAGER)后登录数据库成功。
至此，MySQL5.6安装完成。
本文转自 dbapower 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/suifu/1846671，如需转载请自行联系原作者
