GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

在项目中我们经常会遇到要求将一些数据导出成Excel或者Word表格的情况，比如中国移动（我是中国移动用户）网上查话费的页面中就有一个导出到Excel的功能，光大网上银行查看历史明细也有这些功能....，原本以为这个问题不难的，不过看到网上经常有朋友问，于是我整理了一下，供大家参考。

        前台页面：

后台代码：

using System; 
using System.Data; 
using System.Configuration; 
using System.Collections; 
using System.Web; 
using System.Web.Security; 
using System.Web.UI; 
using System.Web.UI.WebControls; 
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; 
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; 

/// <summary> 
/// 程序说明：这是一个GridView导出成Excel或者Word文件的实例。为了演示，我采用了自动生成DataTable，然后绑定。 
/// 同时为了初学者查看代码方便，关键处我都做了注释。 
/// 对程序说明，在asp.net 1.1中由于对控件呈现不是很严格，所以无需override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法 
/// 但在asp.net2.0中，控件的校验严格了，RenderControl代码只有走正常流程在render方法中它自己调用才能成功， 
/// 在你自己写的事件方法中调用就会出现这个错误。这个错误信息有点误导，你明明写在服务器控件Form内，它照样会这样提醒你， 
/// 实际上是asp.net2.0设置了内部变量控制RenderControl不允许在Render方法之外被轻易调用。如果不override VerifyRenderingInServerForm 
/// 就会报错。我们override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法，里面不写任何代码即可 
/// 作者：周公 
/// 日期：2008-5-16 
/// 网址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn 
/// </summary> 
public partial class ExportDemo : System.Web.UI.Page 
{ 
        private string firstName = "赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈诸卫蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张孔曹严华"; 
        private string lastName = "猛勇刚强豹彪雁燕蓉菲"; 
void Page_Load() void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 
        { 
                if (!Page.IsPostBack) 
                { 
                        BindGridView(); 
                } 
        } 

void BindGridView() void BindGridView() 
        { 
                DataTable myData = CreateDataTable(); 
                Session["MyData"] = myData; 
                gvPersonList.DataSource = myData; 
                gvPersonList.DataBind(); 
        } 
        //手动生成DataTable 
DataTable CreateDataTable() DataTable CreateDataTable() 
        { 
                DataTable data = new DataTable(); 
                DataColumn dcId = new DataColumn("ID", typeof(Int32)); 
                //设置ID列自动递增 
                dcId.AutoIncrement = true; 
                //设置ID列初始值为1 
                dcId.AutoIncrementSeed = 1; 
                //设置ID列递增步长为1 
                dcId.AutoIncrementStep = 1; 
                //将ID列添加到DataTable中 
                data.Columns.Add(dcId); 
                data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string))); 
                data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Age", typeof(int))); 
                data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Sex", typeof(bool))); 
                data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Married", typeof(bool))); 
                DataRow dataRow = null; 
                Random random = new Random(); 
                //随机生成20条记录 
                for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) 
                { 
                        dataRow = data.NewRow(); 
                        //随机生成姓名 
                        dataRow["Name"] = firstName.Substring(random.Next(firstName.Length), 1) + lastName.Substring(random.Next(lastName.Length), 1); 
                        //随即生成介于20至100之间的年龄 
                        int age = random.Next(20, 100); 
                        dataRow["Age"] = age; 
                        //随即设置性别 
                        bool sex = (random.Next(100) % 2 == 0) ? true : false; 
                        dataRow["Sex"] = sex; 
                        if (((sex == true) && (age >= 22)) || ((sex == false) && (age >= 20)))//男性结婚年龄大于22周岁，女性结婚年龄大于20周岁 
                        { 
                                dataRow["Married"] = (random.Next(500) % 2 == 0) ? true : false; 
                        } 
                        else 
                        { 
                                dataRow["Married"] = false; 
                        } 
                        data.Rows.Add(dataRow); 
                } 
                return data; 
        } 
        //override掉这个方法 
override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm() override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control) 
        { 
                //注释掉下面的代码，否则在asp.net2.0下会报错（注：GridView是asp.net 2.0下的控件，1.1下一些控件也可以导出成Excel或者Word） 
                //base.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(control); 
        } 


void btnToExcel_Click() void btnToExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
        { 
                Response.Clear(); 
                Response.BufferOutput = true; 
                //设定输出的字符集 
                Response.Charset = "GB2312"; 
                //假定导出的文件名为FileName.xls 
                Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.xls"); 
                Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); 
                //设置导出文件的格式 
                Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; 
                //关闭ViewState 
                EnableViewState = false; 
                System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN", true); 
                System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo); 
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter); 
                gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter); 
                //把HTML写回浏览器 
                Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString()); 
                Response.End(); 
        } 
        //导出成Word文件 
void btnToWord_Click() void btnToWord_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
        { 
                Response.Clear(); 
                Response.BufferOutput = true; 
                //设定输出的字符集 
                Response.Charset = "GB2312"; 
                //假定导出的文件名为FileName.doc 
                Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.doc"); 
                Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); 
                ////设置导出文件的格式 
                Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word"; 
                //关闭ViewState 
                gvPersonList.EnableViewState = false; 
                System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN", true); 
                System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo); 
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter); 
                gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter); 
                // //把HTML写回浏览器 
                Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString()); 
                Response.End(); 
        } 
}

运行效果：

 

需要说明的是：在asp.net2.0环境下，VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法不override的话，则会出现“错误提示:类型“GridView”的控件“GridView1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内”这个错误。