–为什么需要动态创建Web页面？
–Servlet 的功能
–Servlet 相对“传统” CGI的优势
–Servlet 的相关类和接口
–Servlet 实例
• “HelloWorld” Servlet
–Servlet 的功能
–Servlet 相对“传统” CGI的优势
–Servlet 的相关类和接口
–Servlet 实例
• “HelloWorld” Servlet
######################Michael分割线################
• 为什么需要动态创建Web页面？
–Web页面基于用户提交的数据
• 例如，搜索引擎的结果和在线商店的订单确认信息
–Web 页面的数据频繁改变
• 例如，天气预报和新闻头条
–页面信息来自数据库
• 例如，电子商务网站的每日销售商品的价格清单
–Web页面基于用户提交的数据
• 例如，搜索引擎的结果和在线商店的订单确认信息
–Web 页面的数据频繁改变
• 例如，天气预报和新闻头条
–页面信息来自数据库
• 例如，电子商务网站的每日销售商品的价格清单
• Servlet 的功能
–读取客户端发来的显示信息（表单数据）
–读取客户端发来的隐式信息（请求头信息）
–生成相应结果
–发送显示信息给客户端（HTML）
–发送隐式数据到客户端（状态码和响应头信息）
–读取客户端发来的显示信息（表单数据）
–读取客户端发来的隐式信息（请求头信息）
–生成相应结果
–发送显示信息给客户端（HTML）
–发送隐式数据到客户端（状态码和响应头信息）
• Servlet 相对“传统”CGI的优势
–效率高
• 线程取代操作系统的进程
–方便
• 大量高级工具类
–功能强大
• 共享数据，数据持久性
–轻便
• 可以运行在所有操作系统上
–廉价
• 有大量的免费或价格较低的服务器
–安全
• 没有缓存溢出问题
–主流
–效率高
• 线程取代操作系统的进程
–方便
• 大量高级工具类
–功能强大
• 共享数据，数据持久性
–轻便
• 可以运行在所有操作系统上
–廉价
• 有大量的免费或价格较低的服务器
–安全
• 没有缓存溢出问题
–主流
• Servlet 的相关类和接口
– 包结构
• javax.servlet
• javax.servlet.http
– 包结构
• javax.servlet
• javax.servlet.http
– Servlet 接口
• public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException
• public ServletConfig getServletConfig()
• public void service(ServletRequest req,ServletResponse res) throws
ServletException,java.io.IOException
• public java.lang.String getServletInfo()
• public void destroy()
• public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException
• public ServletConfig getServletConfig()
• public void service(ServletRequest req,ServletResponse res) throws
ServletException,java.io.IOException
• public java.lang.String getServletInfo()
• public void destroy()
– ServletConfig
• public java.lang.String getServletName()
• public java.lang.String getInitParameter(java.lang.String name)
• public java.util.Enumeration getInitParameterNames()
• public java.lang.String getServletName()
• public java.lang.String getInitParameter(java.lang.String name)
• public java.util.Enumeration getInitParameterNames()
– ServletContext
• public ServletContext getContext(java.lang.String uripath)
• public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(java.lang.String path)
• public void log(java.lang.String msg)
• public java.lang.String getRealPath(java.lang.String path)
• public java.lang.String getInitParameter(java.lang.String name)
• public java.lang.Object getAttribute(java.lang.String name)
• public ServletContext getContext(java.lang.String uripath)
• public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(java.lang.String path)
• public void log(java.lang.String msg)
• public java.lang.String getRealPath(java.lang.String path)
• public java.lang.String getInitParameter(java.lang.String name)
• public java.lang.Object getAttribute(java.lang.String name)
– ServletRequest
• public void setAttribute(java.lang.String name,java.lang.Object o)
• public void setCharacterEncoding(java.lang.String env) throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException
• public java.lang.String getParameter(java.lang.String name)
• public java.lang.String[] getParameterValues(java.lang.String name)
• public void setAttribute(java.lang.String name,java.lang.Object o)
• public void setCharacterEncoding(java.lang.String env) throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException
• public java.lang.String getParameter(java.lang.String name)
• public java.lang.String[] getParameterValues(java.lang.String name)
– ServletResponse
• public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() hrows java.io.IOException
• public java.io.PrintWriter getWriter() throws java.io.IOException
• public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() hrows java.io.IOException
• public java.io.PrintWriter getWriter() throws java.io.IOException
– GenericServlet
• public abstract class GenericServlet
• extends java.lang.Object
• implements Servlet, ServletConfig, java.io.Serializable
• public abstract class GenericServlet
• extends java.lang.Object
• implements Servlet, ServletConfig, java.io.Serializable
– HttpServlet
• public abstract class HttpServlet
• extends GenericServlet
• implements java.io.Serializable
• public abstract class HttpServlet
• extends GenericServlet
• implements java.io.Serializable
– HttpServletRequest
• public interface HttpServletRequest
• extends ServletRequest
• public interface HttpServletRequest
• extends ServletRequest
– HttpServletResponse
• public interface HttpServletResponse
• extends ServletResponse
• public interface HttpServletResponse
• extends ServletResponse
– HttpSession
• public void setAttribute(java.lang.String name,java.lang.Object value)
• public void invalidate()
• public void setAttribute(java.lang.String name,java.lang.Object value)
• public void invalidate()
• Servlet 实例
–“HelloWorld” Servlet
• 创建一个HelloWorldServlet类
–编写一个类“HelloWorldServlet”继承HttpServlet
–覆盖HttpServlet中的doGet方法
–在doGet方法中将“Hello World Servlet”输出
–“HelloWorld” Servlet
• 创建一个HelloWorldServlet类
–编写一个类“HelloWorldServlet”继承HttpServlet
–覆盖HttpServlet中的doGet方法
–在doGet方法中将“Hello World Servlet”输出
• 声明、映射Servlet
–声明Servlet
–声明Servlet
–映射Servlet
• 调用Servlet方式
–URL
–提交表单
–超级连接
–JavaScript脚本
–URL
–提交表单
–超级连接
–JavaScript脚本
• 运行结果
######################Michael分割线################
URL调用Servlet方法
创建一个MyServlet类
MyServlet.java
package com.michael.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println( "My blog is http://redking.blog.51cto.com");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request,response);
}
}
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println( "My blog is http://redking.blog.51cto.com");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request,response);
}
}
申明、映射Servlet
web.xml
<?
xml
version
="1.0"
encoding
="UTF-8"
?>
< web-app version ="2.4"
xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >
<!-- 申明Servlet -->
< servlet >
< servlet-name >王乾De技术Blog[爱生活，爱学习] </ servlet-name >
< servlet-class >com.michael.servlet.MyServlet </ servlet-class >
</ servlet >
<!-- 映射Servlet -->
< servlet-mapping >
< servlet-name >王乾De技术Blog[爱生活，爱学习] </ servlet-name >
< url-pattern >/servlet/michael.do </ url-pattern >
</ servlet-mapping >
</ web-app >
< web-app version ="2.4"
xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >
<!-- 申明Servlet -->
< servlet >
< servlet-name >王乾De技术Blog[爱生活，爱学习] </ servlet-name >
< servlet-class >com.michael.servlet.MyServlet </ servlet-class >
</ servlet >
<!-- 映射Servlet -->
< servlet-mapping >
< servlet-name >王乾De技术Blog[爱生活，爱学习] </ servlet-name >
< url-pattern >/servlet/michael.do </ url-pattern >
</ servlet-mapping >
</ web-app >
测试
######################Michael分割线################
提交表单调用Servlet方法
增加一个login.html页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
>
< html >
< head >
< title >login.html </title>
< meta http-equiv ="keywords" content ="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" >
< meta http-equiv ="description" content ="this is my page" >
< meta http-equiv ="content-type" content ="text/html; charset=gbk" >
<! --<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
</head>
< body >
< form action ="/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do" method ="post" >
< table border ="0" >
< tr >
< td >帐号: </td>
< td > < input type ="text" name ="user" id ="login" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td >密码: </td>
< td > < input type ="password" name ="password" id ="password" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td colspan ="2" align ="center" > < input type ="submit" value ="登录" > </td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
< html >
< head >
< title >login.html </title>
< meta http-equiv ="keywords" content ="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" >
< meta http-equiv ="description" content ="this is my page" >
< meta http-equiv ="content-type" content ="text/html; charset=gbk" >
<! --<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
</head>
< body >
< form action ="/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do" method ="post" >
< table border ="0" >
< tr >
< td >帐号: </td>
< td > < input type ="text" name ="user" id ="login" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td >密码: </td>
< td > < input type ="password" name ="password" id ="password" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td colspan ="2" align ="center" > < input type ="submit" value ="登录" > </td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
测试
######################Michael分割线################
超链接调用Servlet方法
测试
######################Michael分割线################
JavaScript脚本调用Servlet方式
login.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
>
< html >
< head >
< title >login.html </title>
< meta http-equiv ="keywords" content ="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" >
< meta http-equiv ="description" content ="this is my page" >
< meta http-equiv ="content-type" content ="text/html; charset=gbk" >
<! --<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
< script type ="text/javascript" >
function invoke(){
var myForm = document.getElementById("michaelForm");
myForm.action = "/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do";
myForm.submit();
}
</script>
</head>
< body >
< a href ="/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do" >click me!!! </a>
< form id ="michaelForm" action ="/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do" method ="post" >
< table border ="0" >
< tr >
< td >帐号: </td>
< td > < input type ="text" name ="user" id ="login" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td >密码: </td>
< td > < input type ="password" name ="password" id ="password" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td colspan ="2" align ="center" > < input type ="submit" value ="登录" > </td>
< input type ="button" value ="JS Submit" onclick ="invoke()" > < br > < br >
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
< html >
< head >
< title >login.html </title>
< meta http-equiv ="keywords" content ="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3" >
< meta http-equiv ="description" content ="this is my page" >
< meta http-equiv ="content-type" content ="text/html; charset=gbk" >
<! --<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
< script type ="text/javascript" >
function invoke(){
var myForm = document.getElementById("michaelForm");
myForm.action = "/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do";
myForm.submit();
}
</script>
</head>
< body >
< a href ="/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do" >click me!!! </a>
< form id ="michaelForm" action ="/Servlet_Info/servlet/michael.do" method ="post" >
< table border ="0" >
< tr >
< td >帐号: </td>
< td > < input type ="text" name ="user" id ="login" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td >密码: </td>
< td > < input type ="password" name ="password" id ="password" > </td>
</tr>
< tr >
< td colspan ="2" align ="center" > < input type ="submit" value ="登录" > </td>
< input type ="button" value ="JS Submit" onclick ="invoke()" > < br > < br >
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
测试
######################Michael分割线################
本文转自redking51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/redking/167478，如需转载请自行联系原作者
