湛刚 de BLOG 原文地址 Asp.Net 导出 Excel 数据的9种方案
简介
Excel 的强大之处在于它不仅仅只能打开Excel格式的文档,它还能打开CSV格式、Tab格式、website table 等多钟格式的文档。它具备自动识别行号,字符,格式化数字等功能,例如:如果你在Excel 单元格中输入数字 "123456789012" 会自动转化为"1.23457E+11"。
背景介绍
正因为Excel的强大和易用,大家都喜欢将数据导出为 Excel 备用。这里我会介绍一系列通过Asp.Net导出Excel数据的方法。将导出文件存储到服务器并提供地址给客户端下载,或重定向到文件下载页面:当 Response时,数据列以 "\t" 分隔,行以"\n"分隔。好了,现在给大家展示这是怎么做的。
使用代码导出
方案1:导出全部HTML 数据到 Excel
这种方法是将Html中的所有文档内容,包括按钮,表格,图片等所有页面内容导出为 Excel
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Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer =
true
;
Response.AppendHeader(
"Content-Disposition"
,
"attachment;filename="
+DateTime.
Now.ToString(
"yyyyMMdd"
)+
".xls"
);
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
Response.ContentType =
""
application/ms-excel";
this
.EnableViewState =
false
;
|
这里我们使用了Page的"ContentType" 属性,它默认为"text/Html",输出到客户端即为Html。如果我们将它改为"ms-excel",页面将输出Excel格式的内容,客户端就可以下载并存储它了。
页面property 还包括:image/JPEG, text/HTML, image/GIF and vnd.ms-excel/msword.
方案2:从DataGrid导出数据到Excel
尽管上面的方法能帮你导出Excel数据,但它导出了所有的HTML内容,包括按钮、图片等,这并不是我们所需要的。通常,我们仅仅需要导出DataGrid中的数据。
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System.Web.UI.Control ctl=
this
.DataGrid1;
//DataGrid1 (you created in the windowForm)
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader(
"Content-Disposition"
,
"attachment;filename=Excel.xls"
);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset =
"UTF-8"
;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType =
"application/ms-excel"
;
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =
false
;
System.IO.StringWriter tw =
new
System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw =
new
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
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如果你有多个包含DataGrid 并需导出数据的页面,我们可以封装方法:
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public
void
DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader(
"Content-Disposition"
,
"attachment;filename=Excel.xls"
);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset =
"UTF-8"
;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType =
"application/ms-excel"
;
ctl.Page.EnableViewState =
false
;
System.IO.StringWriter tw =
new
System.IO.StringWriter() ;
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw =
new
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);
ctl.RenderControl(hw);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}
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调用方法:DGToExcel(datagrid1);
方案3:自动导出Excel数据
使用此方法,你需要 下载免费的.NET组件 ,并使用如下代码(部分)导出数据:
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private
void
button1_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection oleDbConnection1 =
new
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection();
oleDbConnection1.ConnectionString =
@"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=..\..\..\..\Database\demo.mdb"
;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand1 =
new
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
oleDbCommand1.CommandText =
"select * from parts"
;
oleDbCommand1.Connection = oleDbConnection1;
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand2 =
new
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
oleDbCommand2.CommandText =
"select * from country"
;
oleDbCommand2.Connection = oleDbConnection1;
Spire.DataExport.Delegates.DataParamsEventHandler(
this
.cellExport3_GetDataParams);
oleDbConnection1.Open();
try
{
cellExport3.SaveToFile();
}
finally
{
oleDbConnection1.Close();
}
}
private
void
cellExport3_GetDataParams
(
object
sender, Spire.DataExport.EventArgs.DataParamsEventArgs e)
{
if
((e.Sheet == 0) && (e.Col == 6))
{
e.FormatText = (sender
as
Spire.DataExport.XLS.WorkSheet).ExportCell.DataFormats.Currency;
}
}
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执行上面的代码,你将得到:
此方案导出的Excel文件可以直接在Excel 2010 中打开、编辑和修改。虽然一些特定的功能不可用,但它能够被Excel 2010使用。
方案4:从DataSet导出Excel数据
依照上面都的方法,我么能很容易的导出DataSet数据到Excel,我们只需要在页面Response 时将DataSet 表中的数据组装为"ms-excel" 格式的数据,并通过Http发送出去。
注:ds 代表Dataset,用它来填充DataTable,文件名包含后缀,例如:excel2006.xls。
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public
void
CreateExcel(DataSet ds,
string
FileName)
{
HttpResponse resp;
resp = Page.Response;
resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(
"UTF-8"
);
resp.AppendHeader(
"Content-Disposition"
,
"attachment;filename="
+FileName);
string
colHeaders=
""
, ls_item=
""
;
// Define table object and row object,
// and at the same time use DataSet initialize value.
DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0];
DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();
//dt.Select("id>10")
Data Filer can be used
as
: dt.Select(
"id>10"
)
int
i=0;
int
cl=dt.Columns.Count;
//Get column titles of each DataTable and divided by "t". Press "enter" after the last column title.
for
(i=0;i<cl;i++) colheaders+=
"dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"
t
";"
for
(i=
"0;i<cl;i++)"
if
(i=
"=(cl-1))//(last"
+=
"dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()"
ls_item+=
"row[i].ToString()+"
t
";"
/>
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方案5:从DataView导出Excel数据
如果你想导出不规则的行和列到Excel,你可以使用一下方法:
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public
void
OutputExcel(DataView dv,
string
str)
{
//dv presents data which will be exported to Excel,
str
is
the name of title
GC.Collect();
Application excel;
// = new Application();
int
rowIndex=4;
int
colIndex=1;
_Workbook xBk;
_Worksheet xSt;
excel=
new
ApplicationClass();
xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(
true
);
xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet;
//
// Acquire Title
//
foreach
(DataColumn col
in
dv.Table.Columns)
{
colIndex++;
excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells
[4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;
//Set title format as middle
}
//
//Obtain data from table
//
foreach
(DataRowView row
in
dv)
{
rowIndex ++;
colIndex = 1;
foreach
(DataColumn col
in
dv.Table.Columns)
{
colIndex ++;
if
(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType(
"System.DateTime"
))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]
= (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString(
"yyyy-MM-dd"
);
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells
[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;
// Set the style as middle
}
else
if
(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType(
"System.String"
))
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] =
"'"
+row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells
[rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;
// Set the style as middle
}
else
{
excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();
}
}
}
//
//load a Aggregate line
//
int
rowSum = rowIndex + 1;
int
colSum = 2;
excel.Cells[rowSum,2] =
" Aggregate "
;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;
//
//Set color for the selected content
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells
[rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex
= 19;
//more than 50 types of color for you to choose
//
//obtain title of the whole excelsheet
//
excel.Cells[2,2] = str;
//
//Set title format for the whole excelsheet
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold =
true
;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;
//
//Set fittest width
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit();
//
//Set the tile as Cross and Middle
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select();
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment
= XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection;
//
//Draw borders
//
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight
= XlBorderWeight.xlThick;
// Set left line as bold
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight
= XlBorderWeight.xlThick;
// Set upper line as bold
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;
//Set right line as bold
xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders
[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;
//Set bottom line as bold
//
//Display effect
//
excel.Visible=
true
;
//xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+");
xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(
"."
)+
""
);
ds =
null
;
xBk.Close()
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两种 WinForms 导出Excel 数据的解决方案
方案6:
方案7:
方案8 (from Cipherlad):
使用DataSet 的GetXml方法,并且使用XSLT将XML转化为标准的Excel格式,你可以使用不同样式模版对应不容版本的Excel,甚至可以用于导出其它文档。
方案9 (from Sergelp):
使用 OOXML 格式的开源库:http://simpleooxml.codeplex.com/
这是一个非常便捷的库,它包含多种格式、字体、颜色订制,你也不需要安装Excel软件,你可以在服务端创建Excel,然后实现下载,如下代码所示:
Dim ms As MemoryStream = ArticleDAL.GetStreamFromDataSet()
Response.Clear()
Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", String.Format("attachment;filename={0}", strFile)) Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" ms.WriteTo(Response.OutputStream) Response.End()