pm2-如丝般的部署Web应用

现在DevOps如此的火，我们是不是也应该要达到生产部署一条龙服务呢?今天我就用pm2实现一个koa后台远程部署到阿里云ECS上。

全局安装pm2

npm install -g pm2  # yarn global add pm2

生成pm2配置文件

• 在项目根目录生成pm2执行如下代码，生成pm2配置文件ecosystem.config.js

pm2 ecosystem

• 对ecosystem.config.js进行修改，修改部分在depoly部分，有注释

module.exports = {
  /**
   * Application configuration section
   * http://pm2.keymetrics.io/docs/usage/application-declaration/
   */
  apps : [

    // First application
    {
      name      : 'koatest',
      script    : 'app.js',
      env: {
        COMMON_VARIABLE: 'true'
      },
      env_production : {
        NODE_ENV: 'production'
      }
    },

    // Second application
    {
      name      : 'WEB',
      script    : 'web.js'
 -  }

  ],

  /**
   * Deployment section
   * http://pm2.keymetrics.io/docs/usage/deployment/
   */
  deploy : {
    production : {
      user : 'c4',                                                             //也可以useradd另建用户
      host : '47.95.247.139',                                                  // 服务器地址
      ref  : 'origin/master',
      repo : 'git@github.com:guzhongren/backend-based-on-Koa2.git',            // github上的项目地址
      path : '/home/c4/depoly',                                                //  服务器上放项目的目录
      'post-deploy' : 'npm install && pm2 reload ecosystem.config.js --env production'
    },
    dev : {
      user : 'c4',
      host : '47.95.247.139',
      ref  : 'origin/master',
      repo : 'git@github.com:guzhongren/backend-based-on-Koa2.git',
      path : '/home/c4/depoly',
      'post-deploy' : 'npm install && pm2 reload ecosystem.config.js --env dev',
      env  : {
        NODE_ENV: 'dev'
      }
    }
  }
};

• 如果有ssh或者github权限问题，还请自行解决。

部署

• 使用git将新的更改和文件提交到github上。

git add .
git commit -m 'something'
git pull
git push

• 本地执行以下命令，用于部署设置，需要注意的是，对应的ssh端口是默认的22。

pm2 deploy ecosystem.config.js production setup

成功后显示如下

D:\04.Study\01.Web\backend-based-on-Koa2>pm2 deploy ecosystem.config.js production setup
--> Deploying to production environment
--> on host 47.95.247.139
  ○ hook pre-setup
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
  ○ running setup
  ○ cloning git@github.com:guzhongren/backend-based-on-Koa2.git
  ○ full fetch
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
Cloning into '/home/c4/depoly/source'...
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,192.30.255.112' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
  ○ hook post-setup
  ○ setup complete
--> Success

• 部署设置完毕后，执行以下命令进行部署。

pm2 deploy ecosystem.config.js production

成功后如下：

D:\04.Study\01.Web\backend-based-on-Koa2>pm2 deploy ecosystem.config.js production
--> Deploying to production environment
--> on host 47.95.247.139
  ○ deploying origin/master
  ○ executing pre-deploy-local
  ○ hook pre-deploy
  ○ fetching updates
  ○ full fetch
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
Fetching origin
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,192.30.255.112' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
From github.com:guzhongren/backend-based-on-Koa2
   bd63b11..d6214e4  master     -> origin/master
  ○ resetting HEAD to origin/master
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
HEAD is now at d6214e4 update
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
  ○ executing post-deploy `export && npm install && pm2 reload ecosystem.config.js --env production`
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
HOME=/home/c4
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LOGNAME=c4
MAIL=/var/mail/c4
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games
SHELL=/usr/bin/zsh
SSH_CLIENT='202.100.35.103 19581 22'
SSH_CONNECTION='202.100.35.103 19581 172.17.193.126 22'
USER=c4
XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000
XDG_SESSION_ID=24
npm WARN optional Skipping failed optional dependency /chokidar/fsevents:
npm WARN zsh:1: command not found: pm2
notsup Not compatible with your operating system or architecture: fsevents@1.1.3
  ○ hook test
  ○ successfully deployed origin/master
--> Success

错误处理

• 权限问题

D:\04.Study\01.Web\backend-based-on-Koa2>pm2 deploy ecosystem.config.js production setup
--> Deploying to production environment
--> on host 47.95.247.139
  ○ hook pre-setup
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/home/c4/depoly/shared’: Permission denied
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/home/c4/depoly/shared’: Permission denied
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/home/c4/depoly/source’: Permission denied

  setup paths failed

Deploy failed

此问题为部署所在文件夹的权限，用chown脚本即可，如下实例

sudo chown -hR c4:c4 ./depoly

• github ssh问题

D:\04.Study\01.Web\backend-based-on-Koa2>pm2 deploy ecosystem.config.js production setup
--> Deploying to production environment
--> on host 47.95.247.139
  ○ hook pre-setup
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
  ○ running setup
  ○ cloning git@github.com:guzhongren/backend-based-on-Koa2.git
  ○ full fetch
c4@47.95.247.139's password:
Cloning into '/home/c4/depoly/source'...
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,192.30.255.112' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Permission denied (publickey).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.

  failed to clone

Deploy failed

解决办法
在部署机器上用ssh-keygen生成密钥。

• 执行如下命令

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C 'guzhongren@live.cn'
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

• 将cat输出的文字拷贝到github->setting->SSH and GPG keys中。

pm2其他命令说明

总结

pm2使用hai还是非常简单的，有很多如Monitor之类的功能很实用，还需深度探索。