查看系统版本命令
uname
谈到系统版本就一定会想到uname，查看系统内核版本
uname -参数
其他的什么-n -m -r 参数都忽略，直接-a
[root@linuxprobe ~]#uname -a Linux linuxprobe.com 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jan 29 11:47:41 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@linuxprobe ~]#
从uname中貌似确实看到了许多信息，但是好像并不是我想要的，没有哪个系统的哪个版本
lsb_release -a
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)
Release: 6.4
Codename: Santiago
[root@linuxprobe ~]#
cat /etc/issue
[root@linuxprobe ~]#cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)
Kernel \r on an \m
[root@linuxprobe ~]#
查看内存相关
free
一谈到Linux的内存就想到了一个命令free，在课本第2章 新手必须掌握的Linux命令中有对此的解释
[root@linuxprobe ~]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 5228872 669360 4559512 0 28060 266936
-/+ buffers/cache: 374364 4854508
Swap: 4194296 0 4194296
[root@linuxprobe ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 5106 653 4452 0 27 260
-/+ buffers/cache: 365 4740
Swap: 4095 0 4095
[root@linuxprobe ~]# free -g
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 4 0 4 0 0 0
-/+ buffers/cache: 0 4
Swap: 3 0 3
[root@linuxprobe ~]#
很明显内存大小，使用多少，剩余多少，buffers和cached多少，以及swap情况一目了然，使用参数-m/-g 可以指定单位
查看cpu相关
uptime
[root@linuxprobe ~]# uptime
20:09:48 up 43 min, 3 users, load average: 0.35, 0.25, 0.11 //系统的平均负载，1分钟，5分钟，15分钟
top
实时监控系统的cpu和内存，默认3s刷新一次
[root@linuxprobe ~]# top
top - 20:15:41 up 49 min, 3 users, load average: 0.41, 0.38, 0.21
Tasks: 236 total, 1 running, 235 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.8%id, 0.5%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 5228872k total, 671136k used, 4557736k free, 28324k buffers
Swap: 4194296k total, 0k used, 4194296k free, 267360k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 19360 1536 1224 S 0.0 0.0 0:05.37 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.07 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.14 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.69 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.10 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
11 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.10 migration/2
12 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/2
14 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
15 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.17 migration/3
16 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/3
17 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.06 ksoftirqd/3
18 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3
19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.41 events/0
cpu内存实时利用率以此为标准
查看cpu参数——文件 ：/proc/cpuinfo
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | uniq | wc -l 2 //cpu个数 [root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq cpu cores : 2 //线程数 [root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name' |uniq model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3230M CPU @ 2.60GHz //cpu型号参数
查看硬盘相关
df
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df
文件系统 1K-块 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda2 41284928 469040 38718736 2% /
tmpfs 2614436 224 2614212 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 99150 32504 61526 35% /boot
/dev/sda6 516040 18016 471812 4% /home
/dev/sda3 4128448 2542976 1375760 65% /usr
[root@linuxprobe ~]# df -h //以简单的看得懂的方式显示
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点
/dev/sda2 40G 459M 37G 2% /
tmpfs 2.5G 224K 2.5G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 97M 32M 61M 35% /boot
/dev/sda6 504M 18M 461M 4% /home
/dev/sda3 4.0G 2.5G 1.4G 65% /usr
fdisk -l
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000f0739
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 13 5235 41943040 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 5235 5757 4194304 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 5757 13055 58616832 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 5757 6280 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6 6280 6345 524288 83 Linux
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk -l | grep Disk
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000f0739
[root@linuxprobe ~]#
iostat 查看硬盘读写速度
//1s一次，查看3次
sda 66.13 1464.52 9800.00 1816 12152
本文转自Linux就该这么学博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/linuxprobe/p/5590366.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者
