在Wince和Windows Moblie 下的进程间通信可以由以下几种技术实现。
1. Windows Message
2. Point-to-Point Message Queues
3. MSMQ
下面使用讲述.NET Compact Framework下使用Windows Message进行进程间的通信。
引用库
在CF.net下进行Windows Message的开发需要引用Microsoft.WindowsCE.Forms,该DLL一般存放于C:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\SDK\CompactFramework\v2.0\WindowsCE\Microsoft.WindowsCE.Forms.dll
发送消息
public partial class MsgForm : Form
{
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " , EntryPoint = " RegisterWindowMessage " , SetLastError = true )]
private static extern uint RegisterWindowMessage( string lpString);
private uint msgUid = RegisterWindowMessage( " MESSAGE_UID " );
public static int MSG_BROADCAST = 0xFFFF;
private void SendMessage( object sender)
{
Message msg = Message.Create((IntPtr)MSG_BROADCAST, ( int )msgUid , IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
MessageWindow.SendMessage( ref msg);
}
}
首先需要P/Invoke RegisterWindowMessage 函数,每个发送的message都有唯一的UID,这样接收方才能根据UID进行监听和接收该Message。
发送之前先create一个Message对象,参数一为接收对象,如果为进程间通信可以使用广播的形式(MSG_BROADCAST),第二个参数为message的UID,接收方利用这一表示辨别message。第三和第四分别为WParam和LParam,这是标准windows message的传递参数。
接收消息
public class MsgWindow : MessageWindow
{
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " , EntryPoint = " RegisterWindowMessage " , SetLastError = true )]
private static extern uint RegisterWindowMessage( string lpString);
private uint msgUid = RegisterWindowMessage( " MESSAGE_UID " );
protected override void WndProc( ref Message msg)
{
if (msg.Msg == msgUid )
{
// handle the message.
}
}
}
接收消息需要定义一个继承类,继承于MessageWindow,同时他同样需要P/Invoke RegisterWindowMessage 函数,定义接收message的唯一UID。
重写WndProc,然后通过msg.Msg 来辨别关心的消息。
使用Form处理Message
如果接收方接收到message需要更新到form的话就定义一个form的reference,这样可以利用form来处理消息。其实不一定使用Form来处理message,使用Form就能比较方便的利用ui来反映message的接收和处理情况。
{
private MsgWindow MsgWin;
public MsgForm()
{
// pass the form reference to messagewindow
this .MsgWin = new MsgWindow( this );
}
}
public class MsgWindow : MessageWindow
{
private MsgForm msgForm;
public MsgWindow(MsgForm msgForm)
{
this .msgForm = msgForm;
}
protected override void WndProc( ref Message msg)
{
if (msg.Msg == msgUid )
{
// call form to handle the message.
msgForm.HandleMsg();
}
}
}
MsgWindow 保存MsgForm 的引用,这样当MsgWindow 接收到消息就可以使用form来处理。
消息中传递对象
如果在消息中传递对象,就不可以使用.NET Compact Framework里面的MessageWindow.SendMessage函数了,需要使用P/Invoke来进行发送。发送端的关键是把要传递的对象封装到COPYDATASTRUCT Structure里面,然后通过API SendMessageW进行发送,接收方辨别WM_COPYDATA消息,从LParam中分拆出对象。
{
public int dwData;
public int cbData;
public IntPtr lpData;
}
class cMsgStrings
{
const int LMEM_FIXED = 0x0000 ;
const int LMEM_ZEROINIT = 0x0040 ;
const int LPTR = (LMEM_FIXED | LMEM_ZEROINIT);
const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A ;
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]
public static extern IntPtr LocalAlloc( int flag, int size);
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]
public static extern IntPtr LocalFree(IntPtr p);
[DllImport( " coredll.dll " )]
public static extern int SendMessageW(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
public static IntPtr AllocHGlobal( int cb)
{
IntPtr hMemory = new IntPtr();
hMemory = LocalAlloc(LPTR, cb);
return hMemory;
}
public static void FreeHGlobal(IntPtr hMemory)
{
if (hMemory != IntPtr.Zero)
LocalFree(hMemory);
}
public static void SendMsgString(IntPtr hWndDest, string sScript)
{
COPYDATASTRUCT oCDS = new COPYDATASTRUCT();
oCDS.cbData = (sScript.Length + 1 ) * 2 ;
oCDS.lpData = LocalAlloc( LPTR , oCDS.cbData);
Marshal.Copy(sScript.ToCharArray(), 0 , oCDS.lpData, sScript.Length);
oCDS.dwData = 1 ;
IntPtr lParam = AllocHGlobal(oCDS.cbData);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(oCDS, lParam, false );
SendMessageW(hWndDest, WM_COPYDATA, IntPtr.Zero, lParam);
LocalFree(oCDS.lpData);
FreeHGlobal(lParam);
}
}
// send the message with string
private void button1_Click( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
unsafe
{
cMsgStrings.SendMsgString((IntPtr)MSG_BROADCAST, textBoxMsg.Text);
}
}
{
const int WM_COPYDATA = 0x004A ;
private FormReceiver msgForm;
public MsgWindow(FormReceiver msgForm)
{
this .msgForm = msgForm;
}
protected override void WndProc( ref Message msg)
{
if (msg.Msg == WM_COPYDATA)
{
string str = GetMsgString(msg.LParam);
msgForm.HandleMsg(str);
}
}
public static string GetMsgString(IntPtr lParam)
{
if (lParam != IntPtr.Zero)
{
COPYDATASTRUCT st = (COPYDATASTRUCT)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof (COPYDATASTRUCT));
string str = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(st.lpData);
return str;
}
else
{
return null ;
}
}
}
上面为接收端的代码,辨别WM_COPYDATA的消息从LParam中取出传递的对象。
参考文献
源代码:WindowsMessageSender.rar 源代码展现进程间传递string的例子。
测试环境:Wince 5 + CF.net 2.0
本文转自Jake Lin博客园博客,原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/procoder/archive/2009/03/16/1413176.html,如需转载请自行联系原作者