前提条件
（1）Ubuntu操作系统（本教程使用的是Ubuntu 14.04）
（2）安装JDK
$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk $ java -version java version "1.7.0_25" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.3.12) (7u25-2.3.12-4ubuntu3) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.7-b01, mixed mode) $ cd /usr/lib/jvm $ ln -s java-7-openjdk-amd64 jdk
（3）安装ssh
$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server
添加Hadoop用户组和用户（可选）
$ sudo addgroup hadoop $ sudo adduser --ingroup hadoop hduser $ sudo adduser hduser sudo
创建用户之后，使用hduser重新登陆ubuntu
安装SSH证书
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' ... Your identification has been saved in /home/hduser/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/hduser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. ... $ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys $ ssh localhost
下载Hadoop 2.6.2
$ cd ~ $ wget http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.6.2/hadoop-2.6.2.tar.gz $ sudo tar vxzf hadoop-2.6.2.tar.gz -C /home/hduser $ cd /home/hduser $ sudo mv hadoop-2.6.2 hadoop $ sudo chown -R hduser:hadoop hadoop
配置Hadoop环境变量
（1）修改系统环境变量
$cd ~ $vi .bashrc 把下边的代码复制到vi打开的.bashrc文件末尾，如果JAVA_HOME已经配置过，那就不需要再配置了。 #Hadoop variables #begin of paste export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk/ export HADOOP_INSTALL=/home/hduser/hadoop export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/bin export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/sbin export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL #end of paste
（2）修改hadoop环境变量
$ cd /home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop $ vi hadoop-env.sh #必改的就一个，那就是修改JAVA_HOME，其他的可以不修改 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk/
配置完成后，重新登陆Ubuntu（把terminal关掉，再打开）
输入下边的命令检查是否安装成功
$ hadoop version Hadoop 2.6.2 ... ... ...
配置Hadoop
（1）core-site.xml
$ cd /home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop $ vi core-site.xml
#把下边的代码复制到<configuration>和</configuration>中间 <property> <name>fs.default.name</name> <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value> </property>
（2）yarn-site.xml
$ vi yarn-site.xml
#把下边的代码复制到<configuration>和</configuration>中间 <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name> <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name> <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value> </property>
（3）mapred-site.xml
$ mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml $ vi mapred-site.xml
#把下边的代码复制到<configuration>和</configuration>中间 <property> <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> <value>yarn</value> </property>
（4）hdfs-site.xml
$ cd ~ $ mkdir -p mydata/hdfs/namenode $ mkdir -p mydata/hdfs/datanode $ cd /home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop $ vi hdfs-site.xml #把下边的代码复制到<configuration>和</configuration>中间 <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>1</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name> <value>file:/home/hduser/mydata/hdfs/namenode</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name> <value>file:/home/hduser/mydata/hdfs/datanode</value> </property>
格式化一个新的分布式文件系统：
$ cd ~
$ hdfs namenode -format
启动Hadoop服务
$ start-dfs.sh .... $ start-yarn.sh .... $ jps #如果配置成功的话，你会看到类似下边的信息 2583 DataNode 2970 ResourceManager 3461 Jps 3177 NodeManager 2361 NameNode 2840 SecondaryNameNode
运行Hadoop示例
hduser@ubuntu: cd /home/dhuser/hadoop hduser@ubuntu:/home/dhuser/hadoop$ hadoop jar ./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.2.jar pi 2 5 #然后你会看到类似下边的信息 Number of Maps = 2 Samples per Map = 5 15/10/21 18:41:03 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable Wrote input for Map #0 Wrote input for Map #1 Starting Job 15/10/21 18:41:04 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at /0.0.0.0:8032 15/10/21 18:41:04 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 2 15/10/21 18:41:04 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:2 15/10/21 18:41:04 INFO Configuration.deprecation: user.name is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.user.name ...
本文转自ZH奶酪博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/CheeseZH/p/5051135.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者
