Python中的string模块的学习

简介:

学习资料:http://docs.python.org/library/string.html#string.Formatter

感觉学习任何东西,官方的东西总是最好的,呵呵。个人总结(代码为主,相信有python基础的都能看懂):

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>>>  import  string
>>> string.ascii_letters
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>>> string.ascii_lowercase
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
>>> string.ascii_uppercase
'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>>> string.digits
'0123456789'
>>> string.hexdigits
'0123456789abcdefABCDEF'
>>> string.letters
'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
>>> string.lowercase
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
>>> string.uppercase
'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>>> string.octdigits
'01234567'
>>> string.punctuation
'!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~'
>>> string.printable
'0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ \t\n\r\x0b\x0c'
>>> string.whitespace
'\t\n\x0b\x0c\r

 

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>>>  '{0}, {1}, {2}' . format ( 'a' 'b' 'c' )
'a, b, c'
>>>  '{}, {}, {}' . format ( 'a' 'b' 'c' )   # 2.7+ only
'a, b, c'
>>>  '{2}, {1}, {0}' . format ( 'a' 'b' 'c' )
'c, b, a'
>>>  '{2}, {1}, {0}' . format ( * 'abc' )       # unpacking argument sequence
'c, b, a'
>>>  '{0}{1}{0}' . format ( 'abra' 'cad' )    # arguments' indices can be repeated
'abracadabra'
 
>>>  'Coordinates: {latitude}, {longitude}' . format (latitude = '37.24N' , longitude = '-115.81W' )
'Coordinates: 37.24N, -115.81W'
>>> coord  =  { 'latitude' '37.24N' 'longitude' '-115.81W' }
>>>  'Coordinates: {latitude}, {longitude}' . format ( * * coord)
'Coordinates: 37.24N, -115.81W'
 
>>> c  =  3 - 5j
>>> ( 'The complex number {0} is formed from the real part {0.real} '
...   'and the imaginary part {0.imag}.' ). format (c)
'The complex number (3-5j) is formed from the real part 3.0 and the imaginary part -5.0.'
>>>  class  Point( object ):
...      def  __init__( self , x, y):
...          self .x,  self .y  =  x, y
...      def  __str__( self ):
...          return  'Point({self.x}, {self.y})' . format ( self = self )
...
>>>  str (Point( 4 2 ))
'Point( 4 2 )
 
>>> coord  =  ( 3 5 )
>>>  'X: {0[0]};  Y: {0[1]}' . format (coord)
'X: 3;  Y: 5'
 
>>>  "repr() shows quotes: {!r}; str() doesn't: {!s}" . format ('test1 ', ' test2')
"repr() shows quotes: 'test1'; str() doesn't: test2"
 
>>>  '{:<30}' . format ( 'left aligned' )
'left aligned                  '
>>>  '{:>30}' . format ( 'right aligned' )
'                 right aligned'
>>>  '{:^30}' . format ( 'centered' )
'           centered           '
>>>  '{:*^30}' . format ( 'centered' )   # use '*' as a fill char
'***********centered***********'
 
>>>  '{:+f}; {:+f}' . format ( 3.14 - 3.14 )   # show it always
'+3.140000; -3.140000'
>>>  '{: f}; {: f}' . format ( 3.14 - 3.14 )   # show a space for positive numbers
' 3.140000; -3.140000'
>>>  '{:-f}; {:-f}' . format ( 3.14 - 3.14 )   # show only the minus -- same as '{:f}; {:f}'
'3.140000; -3.140000'
 
>>>  # format also supports binary numbers
>>>  "int: {0:d};  hex: {0:x};  oct: {0:o};  bin: {0:b}" . format ( 42 )
'int: 42;  hex: 2a;  oct: 52;  bin: 101010'
>>>  # with 0x, 0o, or 0b as prefix:
>>>  "int: {0:d};  hex: {0:#x};  oct: {0:#o};  bin: {0:#b}" . format ( 42 )
'int: 42;  hex: 0x2a;  oct: 0o52;  bin: 0b101010'
 
>>>  '{:,}' . format ( 1234567890 )
'1,234,567,890'
 
>>> points  =  19.5
>>> total  =  22
>>>  'Correct answers: {:.2%}.' . format (points / total)
'Correct answers: 88.64%'
 
>>>  import  datetime
>>> d  =  datetime.datetime( 2010 7 4 12 15 58 )
>>>  '{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}' . format (d)
'2010-07-04 12:15:58'
 
>>>  for  align, text  in  zip ( '<^>' , [ 'left' 'center' 'right' ]):
...      '{0:{fill}{align}16}' . format (text, fill = align, align = align)
...
'left<<<<<<<<<<<<'
'^^^^^center^^^^^'
'>>>>>>>>>>>right'
>>>
>>> octets  =  [ 192 168 0 1 ]
>>>  '{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}' . format ( * octets)
'C0A80001'
>>>  int (_,  16 )
3232235521
>>>
>>> width  =  5
>>>  for  num  in  range ( 5 , 12 ):
...      for  base  in  'dXob' :
...          print  '{0:{width}{base}}' . format (num, base = base, width = width),
...      print
...
     5      5      5    101
     6      6      6    110
     7      7      7    111
     8      8     10   1000
     9      9     11   1001
    10      A     12   1010
    11      B     13   1011
 
>>>  from  string  import  Template
>>> s  =  Template( '$who likes $what' )
>>> s.substitute(who = 'tim' , what = 'kung pao' )
'tim likes kung pao'
>>> d  =  dict (who = 'tim' )
>>> Template( 'Give $who $100' ).substitute(d)
Traceback (most recent call last):
[...]
ValueError: Invalid placeholder  in  string: line  1 , col  10
>>> Template( '$who likes $what' ).substitute(d)
Traceback (most recent call last):
[...]
KeyError:  'what'
>>> Template( '$who likes $what' ).safe_substitute(d)
'tim likes $what'

 

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string.capitalize(word) 返回一个副本,首字母大写
>>> string.capitalize( "hello" )
'Hello'
>>> string.capitalize( "hello world" )
'Hello world'
 
>>> string.split( "asdadada asdada" )
[ 'asdadada' 'asdada' ]
 
>>> string.strip( "              adsd         " )
'adsd'
>>> string.rstrip( "              adsd         " )
'              adsd'
>>> string.lstrip( "              adsd         " )
'adsd         '
 
string.swapcase(s) 小写变大写,大写变小写
>>> string.swapcase( "Helloo" )
'hELLOO'
 
>>> string.ljust( "ww" , 20 )
'ww                  '
>>> string.rjust( 'ww' , 20 )
'                  ww'
>>> string.center( 'ww' , 20 )
'         ww         '
string.zfill(s, width)
Pad a numeric string on the left with zero digits until the given width  is  reached. Strings starting with a sign are handled correctly.
>>> string.zfill( 'ww' , 20 )
'000000000000000000ww'

  

 


==============================================================================
本文转自被遗忘的博客园博客,原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/rollenholt/archive/2011/11/25/2263722.html,如需转载请自行联系原作者
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