SOCKET programming ：
1．client
basic algorithm：
（1）Find the address of the server (IP+PORT);
（2）Using SOCKET call to create the socket ；
（3）Get the local port number using CONNECT call ;
（4）Connect the client socket to the socket of the server ;（CONNECT call）
（5）Communication using some calls (write /read )
（6）Close the socket .
2．Server
Basic algorithm ：
(1)create the socket ;
(2)Bind the socket to the address;
(3)Listen on the address ;
(4)Accept the client require ;
(5)EXEC some program according the client’s requirement .
Example:
// Module Name: Client.c
// Description:
// This sample is the echo client. It connects to the TCP server,
// sends data, and reads data back from the server.
// Compile:
// cl -o Client Client.c ws2_32.lib
//// Command Line Options:
// client [-p:x] [-s:IP] [-n:x] [-o]
// -p:x Remote port to send to
// -s:IP Server's IP address or hostname
// -n:x Number of times to send message
// -o Send messages only; don't receive
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define DEFAULT_COUNT 20
#define DEFAULT_PORT 5150
#define DEFAULT_BUFFER 2048
#define DEFAULT_MESSAGE "This is a test of the emergency "
broadcasting system"
char szServer[128], // Server to connect to
szMessage[1024]; // Message to send to sever
int iPort = DEFAULT_PORT; // Port on server to connect to
DWORD dwCount = DEFAULT_COUNT; // Number of times to send message
BOOL bSendOnly = FALSE; // Send data only; don't receive
//
// Function: usage:
//
// Description:
// Print usage information and exit
//
void usage()
{
printf("usage: client [-p:x] [-s:IP] [-n:x] [-o]"n"n");
printf(" -p:x Remote port to send to"n");
printf(" -s:IP Server's IP address or hostname"n");
printf(" -n:x Number of times to send message"n");
printf(" -o Send messages only; don't receive"n");
ExitProcess(1);
}
//
// Function: ValidateArgs
//
// Description:
// Parse the command line arguments, and set some global flags
// to indicate what actions to perform
//
void ValidateArgs(int argc, char **argv)
{
int i;
for(i = 1; i < argc; i++)
{
if ((argv[i][0] == '-') || (argv[i][0] == '/'))
{
switch (tolower(argv[i][1]))
{
case 'p': // Remote port
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
iPort = atoi(&argv[i][3]);
break;
case 's': // Server
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
strcpy(szServer, &argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'n': // Number of times to send message
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
dwCount = atol(&argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'o': // Only send message; don't receive
bSendOnly = TRUE;
break;
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
}
}
//
// Function: main
//
// Description:
// Main thread of execution. Initialize Winsock, parse the
// command line arguments, create a socket, connect to the
// server, and then send and receive data.
//
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
WSADATA wsd;
SOCKET sClient;
char szBuffer[DEFAULT_BUFFER];
int ret,
i;
struct sockaddr_in server;
struct hostent *host = NULL;
// Parse the command line and load Winsock
//
ValidateArgs(argc, argv);
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsd) != 0)
{
printf("Failed to load Winsock library!"n");
return 1;
}
strcpy(szMessage, DEFAULT_MESSAGE);
//
// Create the socket, and attempt to connect to the server
//
sClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("socket() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
server.sin_family = AF_INET;
server.sin_port = htons(iPort);
server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(szServer);
//
// If the supplied server address wasn't in the form
// "aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd" it's a hostname, so try to resolve it
//
if (server.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE)
{
host = gethostbyname(szServer);
if (host == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to resolve server: %s"n", szServer);
return 1;
}
CopyMemory(&server.sin_addr, host->h_addr_list[0],
host->h_length);
}
if (connect(sClient, (struct sockaddr *)&server,
sizeof(server)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("connect() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
// Send and receive data
//
for(i = 0; i < dwCount; i++)
{
ret = send(sClient, szMessage, strlen(szMessage), 0);
if (ret == 0)
break;
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("send() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
printf("Send %d bytes"n", ret);
if (!bSendOnly)
{
ret = recv(sClient, szBuffer, DEFAULT_BUFFER, 0);
if (ret == 0) // Graceful close
break;
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("recv() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
szBuffer[ret] = '"0';
printf("RECV [%d bytes]: '%s'"n", ret, szBuffer);
}
}
closesocket(sClient);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
// Module Name: Server.c
// Description:
// This example illustrates a simple TCP server that accepts
// incoming client connections. Once a client connection is
// established, a thread is spawned to read data from the
// client and echo it back (if the echo option is not
// disabled).
//
// Compile:
// cl -o Server Server.c ws2_32.lib
//
// Command line options:
// server [-p:x] [-i:IP] [-o]
// -p:x Port number to listen on
// -i:str Interface to listen on
// -o Receive only, don't echo the data back
//
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define DEFAULT_PORT 5150
#define DEFAULT_BUFFER 4096
int iPort = DEFAULT_PORT; // Port to listen for clients on
BOOL bInterface = FALSE, // Listen on the specified interface
bRecvOnly = FALSE; // Receive data only; don't echo back
char szAddress[128]; // Interface to listen for clients on
//
// Function: usage
//
// Description:
// Print usage information and exit
//
void usage()
{
printf("usage: server [-p:x] [-i:IP] [-o]"n"n");
printf(" -p:x Port number to listen on"n");
printf(" -i:str Interface to listen on"n");
printf(" -o Don't echo the data back"n"n");
ExitProcess(1);
}
//
// Function: ValidateArgs
//
// Description:
// Parse the command line arguments, and set some global flags
// to indicate what actions to perform
//
void ValidateArgs(int argc, char **argv)
{
int i;
for(i = 1; i < argc; i++)
{
if ((argv[i][0] == '-') || (argv[i][0] == '/'))
{
switch (tolower(argv[i][1]))
{
case 'p':
iPort = atoi(&argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'i':
bInterface = TRUE;
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
strcpy(szAddress, &argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'o':
bRecvOnly = TRUE;
break;
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
}
}
//
// Function: ClientThread
//
// Description:
// This function is called as a thread, and it handles a given
// client connection. The parameter passed in is the socket
// handle returned from an accept() call. This function reads
// data from the client and writes it back.
//
DWORD WINAPI ClientThread(LPVOID lpParam)
{
SOCKET sock=(SOCKET)lpParam;
char szBuff[DEFAULT_BUFFER];
int ret,
nLeft,
idx;
while(1)
{
// Perform a blocking recv() call
//
ret = recv(sock, szBuff, DEFAULT_BUFFER, 0);
if (ret == 0) // Graceful close
break;
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("recv() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
szBuff[ret] = '"0';
printf("RECV: '%s'"n", szBuff);
//
// If we selected to echo the data back, do it
//
if (!bRecvOnly)
{
nLeft = ret;
idx = 0;
//
// Make sure we write all the data
//
while(nLeft > 0)
{
ret = send(sock, &szBuff[idx], nLeft, 0);
if (ret == 0)
break;
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("send() failed: %d"n",
WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
nLeft -= ret;
idx += ret;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
//
// Function: main
//
// Description:
// Main thread of execution. Initialize Winsock, parse the
// command line arguments, create the listening socket, bind
// to the local address, and wait for client connections.
//
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
WSADATA wsd;
SOCKET sListen,
sClient;
int iAddrSize;
HANDLE hThread;
DWORD dwThreadId;
struct sockaddr_in local,
client;
ValidateArgs(argc, argv);
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsd) != 0)
{
printf("Failed to load Winsock!"n");
return 1;
}
// Create our listening socket
//
sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_IP);
if (sListen == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("socket() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
// Select the local interface and bind to it
//
if (bInterface)
{
local.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(szAddress);
if (local.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE)
usage();
}
else
local.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(iPort);
if (bind(sListen, (struct sockaddr *)&local,
sizeof(local)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("bind() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
listen(sListen, 8);
//
// In a continous loop, wait for incoming clients. Once one
// is detected, create a thread and pass the handle off to it.
//
while (1)
{
iAddrSize = sizeof(client);
sClient = accept(sListen, (struct sockaddr *)&client,
&iAddrSize);
if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("accept() failed: %d"n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
printf("Accepted client: %s:%d"n",
inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr), ntohs(client.sin_port));
hThread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ClientThread,
(LPVOID)sClient, 0, &dwThreadId);
if (hThread == NULL)
{
printf("CreateThread() failed: %d"n", GetLastError());
break;
}
CloseHandle(hThread);
}
closesocket(sListen);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}本文转自BlogJava 新浪blog的博客，原文链接SOCKET programming(C语言 winsock)：，如需转载请自行联系原博主。
