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JavaWeb -- Struts 数据传输:OGNL和类型转换
1. 数据传输:OGNL和类型转换
OGNL和struts2
OGNL:Object-Graph Navigation Language.
OGNL是集成进struts框架中比较强大的技术有助于数据传输和类型转换.OGNL由表达式语言和类型转换器组成.
内置类型转换器
用ognl表达式映射表单字段名到属性
<s:form action="Register">
<s:textfield name="user.username" label="Username"/>
<s:password name="user.password" label="Password"/>
<s:textfield name="user.portfolioName" label="Enter a name "/>
<s:textfield name="user.age" label="Enter your age as a double "/>
<s:textfield name="user.birthday" label="birthday. (mm/dd/yy)"/>
<s:submit/>
</s:form>
private User user;//get/set
User{
private String username;
private String password;
private String portfolioName;
private Double age;
private Date birthday;//get/set
内置类型转换器
List
private List lastNames ;
private List middleNames ;
不必预初始化集合.默认转换成字符串.
<s:textfield name="middleNames[0]" label="middleNames"/>
<s:textfield name="middleNames[1]" label="middleNames"/>
<s:textfield name="middleNames[2]" label="middleNames"/>
<s:textfield name="lastNames" label="lastNames"/>
<s:textfield name="lastNames" label="lastNames"/>
<s:textfield name="lastNames" label="lastNames"/>
若想显式指定数据类型,可通过属性文件的方式指定[XxxAction-conversion.properties].属性文件和Action类放在一起.
内置类型转换器
Map<String,String>
<s:textfield name="maidenNames.mary" label="Maiden Name"/>
<s:textfield name="maidenNames.jane" label="Maiden Name"/>
<s:textfield name="maidenNames.hellen" label="Maiden Name"/>
<s:textfield name="maidenNames['beth']" label="Maiden Name"/>
<s:textfield name="maidenNames['sharon']" label="Maiden Name"/>
<s:textfield name="maidenNames['martha']" label="Maiden Name"/>
private Map maidenNames ;
Map<String,User>
Element_myUsers=manning.utils.User
<s:textfield name="myUsers['chad'].username" label="names"/>
<s:textfield name="myUsers.chad.birthday" label="birthday"/>
private Map myUsers ;
自定义类型转换器
实现ognl.TypeConverter接口
继承类org.apache.struts2.util.StrutsTypeConverter.
public abstract Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values,Class toClass);
public abstract String convertToString(Map context, Object o);
在字符串和Date对象间转换(续)
public class DateTypeConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {
public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toClass) {
String date = values[0];
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");
return sdf.parse(date);
}
public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");
return sdf.format((Date)o);
}
}
配置自定义类型转换器
属性相关:
属性文件同action类放在一起, action中list map使用泛型定义,无需配置转换类型
private Date birthday;
[CustomConverterTest-conversion.properties]
birthday=manning.utils.DateTypeConverter
全局类型转换: 放在 src目录下
[classpath]/xwork-conversion.properties
manning.utils.Circle=manning.utils.DateTypeConverter
---------------- 实例 address 转换, 输入 aa-bb-cc 转为 Address-----------
address.java domain
- /**
- * 地址类
- */
- public class Address {
- private String province;
- private String city;
- private String street;
- public String getProvince() {
- return province;
- }
- public void setProvince(String province) {
- this.province = province;
- }
- public String getCity() {
- return city;
- }
- public void setCity(String city) {
- this.city = city;
- }
- public String getStreet() {
- return street;
- }
- public void setStreet(String street) {
- this.street = street;
- }
- public String toString() {
- return province + "-" + city + "-" + street;
- }
- }
注册提交Jsp, reg,jsp
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>reg.jsp</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <s:debug />
- <s:form namespace="/ognl" action="OgnlAction_reg" method="post">
- <s:textfield name="names" label="UserName" />
- <s:textfield name="names" label="UserName" />
- <s:textfield name="ages[0]" label="UserAge" />
- <s:textfield name="ages[1]" label="UserAge" />
- <s:textfield name="namesListNoGen" label="namesListNoGen" />
- <s:textfield name="namesListNoGen" label="namesListNoGen" />
- <s:textfield name="agesListNoGen[0]" label="agesListNoGen" />
- <s:textfield name="agesListNoGen[1]" label="agesListNoGen" />
- <s:textfield name="userList[0].name" label="userList[0].name" />
- <s:textfield name="userList[1].name" label="userList[1].name" />
- <s:textfield name="userList[0].age" label="userList[0].age" />
- <s:textfield name="userList[1].age" label="userList[1].age" />
- <s:textfield name="userMap[100].name" label="userMap[100].name" />
- <s:textfield name="userMap[100].age" label="userMap[100].age" />
- <s:textfield name="userMap[200].name" label="userMap[200].name" />
- <s:textfield name="userMap[200].age" label="userMap[200].age" />
- <s:textfield name="comAddress" label="comAddress"/>
- <s:submit />
- </s:form>
- <s:property value="comAddress"/>
- <s:url includeContext="true" />
- </body>
- </html>
action
- /**
- * OgnlAction
- */
- public class OgnlAction extends ActionSupport {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = -6933309304624396640L;
- private String[] names = new String[2];
- private Integer[] ages = new Integer[2];
- /**
- * 不带泛型的集合
- */
- private List namesListNoGen ;
- private List agesListNoGen ;
- /* javabean集合 */
- private List userList ;
- /* map */
- private Map userMap;
- /* 公司地址 */
- private Address comAddress ;
- public Address getComAddress() {
- return comAddress;
- }
- public void setComAddress(Address comAddress) {
- this.comAddress = comAddress;
- }
- public List getUserList() {
- return userList;
- }
- public void setUserList(List userList) {
- this.userList = userList;
- }
- public Integer[] getAges() {
- return ages;
- }
- public void setAges(Integer[] ages) {
- this.ages = ages;
- }
- public String[] getNames() {
- return names;
- }
- public void setNames(String[] names) {
- this.names = names;
- }
- public String reg() {
- return "success";
- }
- public String toRegView() {
- System.out.println("toRegView");
- return "loginView";
- }
- /**
- * 保存数据,
- */
- public String saveData(){
- ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("username", "requestTom");
- ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession().setAttribute("username", "sessionTom");
- ServletActionContext.getServletContext().setAttribute("username", "applicationTom");
- ServletActionContext.getContext().getValueStack().set("username", "vsTom");
- //
- popUserList();
- return "showView" ;
- }
- /**
- * 组装用户集合
- */
- private void popUserList(){
- userList = new ArrayList<User>();
- User u = null ;
- for(int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i ++){
- u = new User();
- u.setId(1 + i);
- u.setName("tom" + i);
- u.setAge(20 + i);
- userList.add(u);
- }
- }
- public List getNamesListNoGen() {
- return namesListNoGen;
- }
- public void setNamesListNoGen(List namesListNoGen) {
- this.namesListNoGen = namesListNoGen;
- }
- public List getAgesListNoGen() {
- return agesListNoGen;
- }
- public void setAgesListNoGen(List agesListNoGen) {
- this.agesListNoGen = agesListNoGen;
- }
- public Map getUserMap() {
- return userMap;
- }
- public void setUserMap(Map userMap) {
- this.userMap = userMap;
- }
- }
地址转换器
- /**
- * 地址类型转换器
- */
- public class AddressConverter extends StrutsTypeConverter {
- /**
- * 将字符串转换成地址对象
- */
- public Object convertFromString(Map context, String[] values, Class toClass) {
- if(values != null && values.length > 0){
- String str = values[0];
- String[] ss = str.split("-");
- if(ss != null && ss.length > 2){
- Address a = new Address();
- a.setProvince(ss[0]);
- a.setCity(ss[1]);
- a.setStreet(ss[2]);
- return a ;
- }
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 将地址对象转换成字符串信息
- */
- public String convertToString(Map context, Object o) {
- if(o instanceof Address){
- return o.toString();
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
OgnlAction-conversion.properties 转换类型配置, 放在action同目录,命名方式固定
- Element_agesListNoGen=java.lang.Integer
- Element_userList=cn.itcast.struts2.model.User
- Element_userMap=cn.itcast.struts2.model.User
- Key_userMap=java.lang.Integer
- #comAddress=cn.itcast.struts2.ognl.AddressConverter
xwork-conversion.properties 类型转换,全局配置文件,放在src目录下,命名固定
- cn.itcast.struts2.model.Address=cn.itcast.struts2.ognl.AddressConverter