文件上传无论在软件还是在网站上都十分常见,我今天再把它拿出来,讲一下,主要讲一下它的设计思想和实现技术,为了它的通用性,我把它做在了WEB.Service项目里,即它是针对服务器的,它的结构是关联UI(WEB)层与Service层(BLL)的桥梁.
结构
上传基类:
上传文件的接口规范:
接口的实现:
UI层调用WEB.Service层的上传功能:(附代码)
public class FileUploadController : Controller { WEB.Services.IFileUpload iFileUpload = null; public FileUploadController() { iFileUpload = new WEB.Services.FileUpload(); } #region 文件上传 public ActionResult uploadheadpic() { return View(); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult uploadheadpic(FormCollection formcollection) { if (Request.Files.Count > 0) { HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files[0]; Entity.Commons.VMessage vm = iFileUpload.Image(WEB.Services.UpLoadType.DownloadUrl, file); if (vm.IsComplete) TempData["PicUrl"] = "{result:true,msg:\"" + vm[0].Replace("\"", "") + "\"}"; else TempData["PicUrl"] = "{result:false,msg:\"" + vm[0].Replace("\"", "") + "\"}"; } return View(); } #endregion }
下面公布一下上传的基类代码:(如果有设计不合理的地方,欢迎大家留言)
namespace WEB.Services { #region 所需枚举 /// <summary> /// 文件上传类型 /// </summary> public enum UpLoadType { /// <summary> /// 下载地址 /// </summary> DownloadUrl = 0, /// <summary> /// 文件地址 /// </summary> FileUrl = 1, } /// <summary> /// 上传错误信息列举 /// </summary> public enum WarnEnum { ImgContentType, ImgContentLength, ImgExtension, } #endregion #region 文件上传基本服务类 /// <summary> /// 文件上传基本服务类 /// </summary> public abstract class FileUploadBase { /// <summary> /// 图片MIME /// </summary> protected static List<string> imgMIME = new List<string> { "application/x-zip-compressed", "application/octet-stream", "application/x-compressed", "application/x-rar-compressed", "application/zip", "application/vnd.ms-excel", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "application/msword", "image/jpeg", "image/gif", "audio/x-mpeg", "audio/x-wma", "application/x-shockwave-flash", "video/x-ms-wmv", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation", }; /// <summary> /// 验证消息字典 /// </summary> protected static Dictionary<WarnEnum, string> msgDIC = new Dictionary<WarnEnum, string> { {WarnEnum.ImgContentType ,"只能上传指定类型的文件！" }, {WarnEnum.ImgContentLength ,"只能上传文件大小为{0}以下！" }, {WarnEnum.ImgExtension , "文件的扩展文件不正确"} }; /// <summary> /// 相对地址字典 /// </summary> protected static Dictionary<UpLoadType, string> relativePathDic = new Dictionary<UpLoadType, string> { {UpLoadType.DownloadUrl ,@"DownLoad/" }, {UpLoadType.FileUrl ,@"FileUpload/" }, }; /// <summary> /// 图片后缀 /// </summary> protected static string[] imgExtension = { "xls", "doc", "zip", "rar", "ppt", "docx", "xlsx", "pptx", "mp3", "wma", "swf", "jpg", "jpeg", "gif" }; } #endregion }
文件上传实现类:
public class FileUpload : FileUploadBase, IFileUpload { #region 文件上级WWW服务器及图像服务器 public Entity.Commons.VMessage Image(UpLoadType type, HttpPostedFileBase hpf) { HttpRequest Request = HttpContext.Current.Request; Entity.Commons.VMessage vmsg = new Entity.Commons.VMessage(); if (this.IsIamgeVaild(type, hpf)) { string relativePath = string.Format(VConfig.BaseConfigers.LocationUploadPath, relativePathDic[type]); string path = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(relativePath); #region 建立路径 DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(path); if (!di.Exists) { di.Create(); } #endregion string guid = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); string fileName = string.Format("{0}{1}", guid, new FileInfo(hpf.FileName).Extension);//上传文件的名称 hpf.SaveAs(string.Format("{0}{1}", path, fileName)); vmsg.Clear(); vmsg.AddItem(string.Format("{0}://{1}{2}{3}", Request.Url.Scheme, Request.Url.Authority, relativePath.Replace('\\', '/'), fileName ) ); vmsg.AddItem(guid); vmsg.IsComplete = true; } else { vmsg.AddItemRange(this.GetRuleViolations(type, hpf)); vmsg.IsComplete = false; } return vmsg; } public Entity.Commons.VMessage ImageToServer(string url) { Entity.Commons.VMessage vmsg = new Entity.Commons.VMessage(); Uri uri = new Uri(url); string fileName = uri.Segments[uri.Segments.Length - 1]; string typeStr = uri.Segments[uri.Segments.Length - 2]; VCommons.Utils.FileUpLoad( string.Format(BaseConfigers.DefaultUploadUri, typeStr.TrimEnd('/')), HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(uri.LocalPath) ); vmsg.IsComplete = true; vmsg.AddItem( string.Format("{0}://{1}/upload/{2}{3}", HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.Scheme, BaseConfigers.ImageServerHost, typeStr, fileName ) ); return vmsg; } #endregion #region 验证文件 internal bool IsIamgeVaild(UpLoadType type, HttpPostedFileBase hpf) { return this.GetRuleViolations(type, hpf).Count() == 0; } /// <summary> /// 验证文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="hpf"></param> /// <returns></returns> internal IEnumerable<string> GetRuleViolations(UpLoadType type, HttpPostedFileBase hpf) { if (!imgMIME.Contains(hpf.ContentType))// MIME yield return msgDIC[WarnEnum.ImgContentType]; int contentLength = this.GetContentLengthByType(type);//文件大小 if (hpf.ContentLength > contentLength) yield return string.Format(msgDIC[WarnEnum.ImgContentLength], contentLength / 1024); if (!imgExtension.Contains(hpf.FileName.Substring(hpf.FileName.LastIndexOf('.') + 1)))//文件后缀 yield return msgDIC[WarnEnum.ImgExtension]; yield break; } #endregion #region 根据 FileUpLoadContentLengthType 类型 获取相应的大小 /// <summary> /// 根据 FileUpLoadContentLengthType 类型 获取相应的大小 /// </summary> /// <param name="type">文件上传大小枚举值</param> /// <returns>返回</returns> int GetContentLengthByType(UpLoadType type) { switch (type) { case UpLoadType.DownloadUrl: return 200000; //200M case UpLoadType.FileUrl: return 200000; default: throw new Exception("可能有错误"); } } #endregion }
本文转自博客园张占岭（仓储大叔）的博客，原文链接：刚刚做了个文件上传功能,拿来分享一下!(MVC架构及传统架构通用)，如需转载请自行联系原博主。
