NSString常用方法

最近写代码用到比较多的字符串操作的，所以找到一个objective-c中字符串操作的汇总，和大家分享！

1
//创建字符串对象数组
 NSArray *array = [str componentsSeparatedByString:@"@"];//就是以@为标示 输出看看啦
 
int count=[array count];
int i;
for(i=0;i<count;i=i+4)
 {
  printf("%i:  %s\n",i,[[array objectAtIndex:i] UTF8String]);
 }
2  可变的字符串类
 NSMutableString *song=[[NSMutableString alloc] init];
 [song appendString:@"Deaf Leppard"];
 printf("%s\n",[song UTF8String]);

 NSRange range=[song rangeOfString:@"Deaf"];//获取字符串"Deaf"字串的范围
 [song replaceCharactersInRange:range withString:@"Def"];//替换 
 printf("%s\n",[song UTF8String]);

 [song insertString:@"Animal by " atIndex:0];
 printf("%s\n",[song UTF8String]);

 [song release];

3
字典加数组操作
 NSArray *keys=[@"one two three" componentsSeparatedByString:@""];
 NSArray *value=[@"two bravo a" componentsSeparatedByString:@""];
 NSDictionary *dic=[[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:value forKeys:keys];
 printf("%s\n",[[dic description] UTF8String]);


//一、NSString    


//1、创建常量字符串。
    NSString *astring = @"This is a String!";


//2、创建空字符串，给予赋值。
 
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] init];
    astring = @"This is a String!";
    [astring release];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);



//3、在以上方法中，提升速度:initWithString方法
 
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];



//4、用标准c创建字符串:initWithCString方法
 
char *Cstring = "This is a String!";
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithCString:Cstring];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];



//5、创建格式化字符串:占位符（由一个%加一个字符组成）
 
int i = 1;
int j = 2;
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.This is %i string!",i,j]];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];



//6、创建临时字符串
 
    NSString *astring;
    astring = [NSString stringWithCString:"This is a temporary string"];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);






    NSString *path = @"astring.text";
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];





    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a String!"];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    NSString *path = @"astring.text";    
    [astring writeToFile: path atomically: YES];
    [astring release];    






//用C比较:strcmp函数
 
char string1[] = "string!";
char string2[] = "string!";
if(strcmp(string1, string2) = = 0)
    {
        NSLog(@"1");
    }



//isEqualToString方法    
    NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 isEqualToString:astring02];
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);




//compare方法(comparer返回的三种值)    
    NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";    
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);    
//NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同
 



    NSString *astring01 = @"This is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"this is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedAscending;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);
//NSOrderedAscending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02大于astring01为真)
 


    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02] = = NSOrderedDescending;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     
//NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)



//不考虑大小写比较字符串1
    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 caseInsensitiveCompare:astring02] = = NSOrderedSame;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     
//NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)



//不考虑大小写比较字符串2
    NSString *astring01 = @"this is a String!";
    NSString *astring02 = @"This is a String!";
    BOOL result = [astring01 compare:astring02
                            options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch | NSNumericSearch] = = NSOrderedSame;    
    NSLog(@"result:%d",result);     

//NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。
 



    NSString *string1 = @"A String"; 
    NSString *string2 = @"String"; 
    NSLog(@"string1:%@",[string1 uppercaseString]);//大写
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 lowercaseString]);//小写
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",[string2 capitalizedString]);//首字母大小
 



    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = @"string";
    NSRange range = [string1 rangeOfString:string2];
int location = range.location;
int leight = range.length;
    NSString *astring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Location:%i,Leight:%i",location,leight]];
    NSLog(@"astring:%@",astring);
    [astring release];




//-substringToIndex: 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);




//-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);




//-substringWithRange: //按照所给出的位置，长度，任意地从字符串中截取子串
    NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";
    NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];
    NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);


//扩展路径
 
    NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
    NSString *absolutePath = [Path stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
    NSLog(@"absolutePath:%@",absolutePath);
    NSLog(@"Path:%@",[absolutePath stringByAbbreviatingWithTildeInPath]);



//文件扩展名
    NSString *Path = @"~/NSData.txt";
    NSLog(@"Extension:%@",[Path pathExtension]);







//stringWithCapacity:
    NSMutableString *String;
    String = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:40];




//appendString: and appendFormat:
 
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
//[String1 appendString:@", I will be adding some character"];
    [String1 appendFormat:[NSString stringWithFormat:@", I will be adding some character"]];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);
    */





//-insertString: atIndex:
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    [String1 insertString:@"Hi! " atIndex:0];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);





//-setString:
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    [String1 setString:@"Hello Word!"];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);





//-setString:
    NSMutableString *String1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a NSMutableString"];
    [String1 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4) withString:@"That"];
    NSLog(@"String1:%@",String1);




//01：检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头- (BOOL) hasPrefix: (NSString *) aString;
    NSString *String1 = @"NSStringInformation.txt";
    [String1 hasPrefix:@"NSString"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");
    [String1 hasSuffix:@".txt"] = = 1 ?  NSLog(@"YES") : NSLog(@"NO");

//02：查找字符串某处是否包含其它字符串 - (NSRange) rangeOfString: (NSString *) aString，这一点前面在串中搜索子串用到过;
 





    NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];

    self.dataArray = array;
    [array release];

//- (unsigned) Count;数组所包含对象个数；
    NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound:%d",[self.dataArray count]);

//- (id) objectAtIndex: (unsigned int) index;获取指定索引处的对象;
    NSLog(@"self.dataArray cound 2:%@",[self.dataArray objectAtIndex:2]);




//arrayWithArray:
    NSArray *array1 = [[NSArray alloc] init];
    NSMutableArray *MutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",nil];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
    MutableArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array];
    NSLog(@"MutableArray:%@",MutableArray);

    array1 = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array];
    NSLog(@"array1:%@",array1);


//Copy

//id obj;
    NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];

    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
for(int i = 0; i < [oldArray count]; i++)
    {        
        obj = [[oldArray objectAtIndex:i] copy];
        [newArray addObject: obj];
    }
//
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];


//快速枚举

//NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];    
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);

for(id obj in oldArray)
    {
        [newArray addObject: obj];
    }
//
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];    


//Deep copy
 
    NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
@"a",@"b",@"c",@"d",@"e",@"f",@"g",@"h",nil];    
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);    
    newArray = (NSMutableArray*)CFPropertyListCreateDeepCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, (CFPropertyListRef)oldArray, kCFPropertyListMutableContainers);
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];    


//Copy and sort
 
    NSMutableArray *newArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSArray *oldArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
@"b",@"a",@"e",@"d",@"c",@"f",@"h",@"g",nil];    
    NSLog(@"oldArray:%@",oldArray);
    NSEnumerator *enumerator;
    enumerator = [oldArray objectEnumerator];
id obj;
while(obj = [enumerator nextObject])
    {
        [newArray addObject: obj];
    }
    [newArray sortUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
    NSLog(@"newArray:%@", newArray);
    [newArray release];





//从字符串分割到数组－ componentsSeparatedByString:
    NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"One,Two,Three,Four"];
    NSLog(@"string:%@",string);    
    NSArray *array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
    [string release];


//从数组合并元素到字符串- componentsJoinedByString:
    NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"One",@"Two",@"Three",@"Four",nil];
    NSString *string = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];
    NSLog(@"string:%@",string);





    NSArray *array;
    array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:20];




//- (void) addObject: (id) anObject;
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    [array addObject:@"Four"];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);




//-(void) removeObjectAtIndex: (unsigned) index;    
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    [array removeObjectAtIndex:1];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);




//- (NSEnumerator *)objectEnumerator;从前向后
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    NSEnumerator *enumerator;
    enumerator = [array objectEnumerator];

id thingie;
while (thingie = [enumerator nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"thingie:%@",thingie);
    }


//- (NSEnumerator *)reverseObjectEnumerator;从后向前
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
    NSEnumerator *enumerator;
    enumerator = [array reverseObjectEnumerator];

id object;
while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"object:%@",object);
    }


//快速枚举
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
@"One",@"Two",@"Three",nil];
for(NSString *string in array)
    {
        NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
    }






//- (id) initWithObjectsAndKeys;
 
    NSDictionary *dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"One",@"1",@"Two",@"2",@"Three",@"3",nil];
    NSString *string = [dictionary objectForKey:@"One"];
    NSLog(@"string:%@",string);
    NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);
    [dictionary release];





//创建
    NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

//添加字典
    [dictionary setObject:@"One" forKey:@"1"];
    [dictionary setObject:@"Two" forKey:@"2"];
    [dictionary setObject:@"Three" forKey:@"3"];
    [dictionary setObject:@"Four" forKey:@"4"];
    NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);

//删除指定的字典
    [dictionary removeObjectForKey:@"3"];
    NSLog(@"dictionary:%@",dictionary);





//将NSRect放入NSArray中
    NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    NSValue *value;
    CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);    
    value = [NSValue valueWithBytes:&rect objCType:@encode(CGRect)];
    [array addObject:value];
    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);

//从Array中提取
    value = [array objectAtIndex:0];
    [value getValue:&rect];
    NSLog(@"value:%@",value);




    NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    NSString *home;
    home = @"../Users/";

    NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum;
    direnum = [fileManager enumeratorAtPath: home];

    NSMutableArray *files = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

//枚举
    NSString *filename;
while (filename = [direnum nextObject]) {
if([[filename pathExtension] hasSuffix:@"jpg"]){
            [files addObject:filename];
        }
    }

//快速枚举
//for(NSString *filename in direnum)
//{
//    if([[filename pathExtension] isEqualToString:@"jpg"]){
//        [files addObject:filename];
//    }
//}
    NSLog(@"files:%@",files);

//枚举
    NSEnumerator *filenum;
    filenum = [files objectEnumerator];
while (filename = [filenum nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"filename:%@",filename);
    }

//快速枚举
//for(id object in files)
//{
//    NSLog(@"object:%@",object);
//}