一、sqlite3日期数据类型，默认用datetime解析（根据stackflow）
使用时注意三点：
1. 创建表时，字段 DT 的类型为 date
2. 插入数据时，DT字段直接为 str 类型
3. DT字段的str ，年月日必须为 xxxx-xx-xx 格式，如 2016-01-01，不能是 2016-1-1
import sqlite3 import datetime '''sqlite3日期数据类型'''
con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:") c = con.cursor() # Create table c.execute('''CREATE TABLE marksix (DT date, Period text, P1 int, P2 int, P3 int, P4 int, P5 int, P6 int, T7 int)''') # Larger example that inserts many records at a time purchases = [('2016-01-01', '2016001', 2, 36, 23, 43, 12, 25, 29), ('2016-01-03', '2016002', 34, 35, 17, 49, 24, 30, 16), ('2016-01-05', '2016003', 1, 35, 12, 49, 49, 26, 34), ('2016-01-08', '2016004', 6, 35, 10, 40, 4, 23, 2), ('2016-01-10', '2016005', 14, 35, 27, 40, 4, 12, 45), ('2016-01-12', '2016006', 33, 10, 13, 21, 27, 22, 17), ('2016-01-15', '2016007', 20, 35, 17, 49, 5, 29, 28), ] c.executemany('INSERT INTO marksix (DT,Period,P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6,T7) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)', purchases)
for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix'): print(row)
# ==============================================================
# 方式一：显式使用 datetime 类型 t = datetime.datetime.strptime('2016-1-5', '%Y-%m-%d') dt = (datetime.date(t.year, t.month, t.day), ) for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix WHERE DT = ?', dt): print(row) # 方式二：直接使用 str 类型 dt = ('2016-01-05', ) for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix WHERE DT = ?', dt): print(row)
#for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix WHERE dt BETWEEN :begin AND :end;', {"begin": '2016-01-03', "end": '2016-01-11'}): for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix WHERE dt BETWEEN ? AND ?;', ('2016-01-03', '2016-01-11')): print(row)
二、另一种方式使用时间类型数据（根据官网文档）
import sqlite3 import datetime # 适配器 def adapt_date(date): return datetime.datetime.strftime('%Y/%m/%d', date) #return date.strftime('%Y/%m/%d').encode('ascii') #return date.strftime('%Y/%m/%d').encode() # 转换器 def convert_date(string): return datetime.datetime.strptime(string.decode(), '%Y/%m/%d') # 注册适配器 sqlite3.register_adapter(datetime.datetime, adapt_date) # 注册转换器 sqlite3.register_converter("date", convert_date) # 注意：detect_types=sqlite3.PARSE_DECLTYPES con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:", detect_types=sqlite3.PARSE_DECLTYPES) c = con.cursor() # Create table c.execute('''CREATE TABLE marksix (dt date, period text, p1 int, p2 int, p3 int, p4 int, p5 int, p6 int, t7 int)''') # Larger example that inserts many records at a time purchases = [('2016/1/1', '2016001', 2, 36, 23, 43, 12, 25, 29), ('2016/1/3', '2016002', 34, 35, 17, 49, 24, 30, 16), ('2016/1/5', '2016003', 1, 35, 12, 49, 49, 26, 34), ('2016/1/8', '2016004', 6, 35, 10, 40, 4, 23, 2), ('2016/1/10', '2016005', 14, 35, 27, 40, 4, 12, 45), ('2016/1/12', '2016006', 33, 10, 13, 21, 27, 22, 17), ('2016/1/15', '2016007', 20, 35, 17, 49, 5, 29, 28), ] c.executemany('INSERT INTO marksix VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)', purchases) # Save (commit) the changes con.commit() for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix'): print(row) # ============================================================== # 显示日期等于2016/1/3的记录 t = ('2016/1/3',) c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix WHERE dt = ?', t) print(c.fetchone()) # 貌似不支持between运算，不知原因！ for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM marksix WHERE dt BETWEEN ? AND ?;', ('2016/1/3', '2016/1/11')): print(row)
三、还有一种日期时间类型：timestamp(时间戳)
import datetime # Converting SQLite values to custom Python types # Default adapters and converters for datetime and timestamp con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:", detect_types=sqlite3.PARSE_DECLTYPES|sqlite3.PARSE_COLNAMES) cur = con.cursor() cur.execute('''create table test( d date, ts timestamp )''') # 插入datetime类型 today = datetime.date.today() now = datetime.datetime.now() day1 = datetime.timedelta(days=1) data = [(today-day1, now-day1), (today, now), (today+day1, now+day1)] cur.executemany("insert into test(d, ts) values (?, ?)", data) # 插入 str 类型 data = [('2016-01-22', '2016-01-22 08:45:50'), ('2016-02-22', '2016-02-22 08:45:50'), ('2016-03-22', '2016-03-22 08:45:50')] cur.executemany("insert into test(d, ts) values (?, ?)", data) for row in cur.execute("select * from test"): print(row) #================================================================= #begin = datetime.date(2016, 2, 22) #end = datetime.date(2016, 2, 23) begin = '2016-02-22' end = '2016-02-23' for row in cur.execute("select * from test where d BETWEEN ? AND ?", (begin, end)): print(row) begin = datetime.datetime(2016, 2, 22, 8, 45, 50, 0) end = datetime.datetime(2016, 2, 23, 20, 10, 47, 12345) #begin = '2016-02-22 08:45:50' #end = '2016-02-23 20:10:47' for row in cur.execute("select * from test where ts BETWEEN ? AND ?", (begin, end)): print(row)
