jaxb，全称为Java Architecture for Xml Binding,是一种将java对象与xml建立起映射的技术。其主要提供两个功能，一是将java对象映射为xml，二是将xml映射为java对象。JAXB有1.0版和2.0版。2.0版对应的JSR（Java specification request, java规格要求）是JSR 222。jaxb中的xjc工具能够将XML Schema转换为对应的java类。支持的XML类型包括XML DTD，XSD以及WSDL。而schemagen工具则可以将具有相应annotation标记的java类转换为XML结构。
ant脚本有xjc插件来实现对xml schema文件转换为java类的工作。而由于ant任务是gradle中的一等公民，所以我们可以直接在gradle脚本中使用ant的xjc插件来实现对xml schema和java类的映射。以下代码演示了如何将xsd格式和wsdl格式的xml转换为具体的java类。
build.gradle
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configurations {
jaxb
}
dependencies {
jaxb 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:2.2.7'
jaxb 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:2.2.7'
}
ext {
generatedSourceDir = 'src/main/generated'
}
task jaxb {
doLast {
file(generatedSourceDir).mkdirs()
ant.taskdef(name: 'xjc', classname: 'com.sun.tools.xjc.XJCTask', classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath)
ant.xjc(destdir: generatedSourceDir,
package: 'jaxb.ws.ship',
schema: 'schema/shiporder.xsd'
)
ant.xjc(destdir: generatedSourceDir,
package: 'jaxb.ws.hello',
schema: 'schema/weather.wsdl'
) {
arg(value: '-wsdl')
}
}
}
clean {
ant.delete(dir: generatedSourceDir)
}
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这里实现了将xsd和wsdl格式的xml文档转换为具体的java类。注意一点是如果wsdl中的schema过于简单，可能不会有具体的类生成。另外附上使用的示例文件。
shiporder.xsd文件如下：
shiporder.xsd
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xs:element name="shiporder">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="orderperson" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="shipto">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="address" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="city" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="country" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:element name="item" maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="title" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="note" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
<xs:element name="quantity" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
<xs:element name="price" type="xs:decimal"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:sequence>
<xs:attribute name="orderid" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
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weather.wsdl文件内容如下：
weather.wsdl
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://www.webserviceX.NET" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" targetNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">
<wsdl:types>
<s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET">
<s:element name="GetWeather">
<s:complexType>
<s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CityName" type="s:string" />
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
<s:element name="GetWeatherResponse">
<s:complexType>
<s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="GetWeatherResult" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
<s:element name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<s:complexType>
<s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
<s:element name="GetCitiesByCountryResponse">
<s:complexType>
<s:sequence>
<s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="GetCitiesByCountryResult" type="s:string" />
</s:sequence>
</s:complexType>
</s:element>
<s:element name="string" nillable="true" type="s:string" />
</s:schema>
</wsdl:types>
<wsdl:message name="GetWeatherSoapIn">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetWeather" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetWeatherSoapOut">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetWeatherResponse" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountrySoapIn">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetCitiesByCountry" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountrySoapOut">
<wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetCitiesByCountryResponse" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpGetIn">
<wsdl:part name="CityName" type="s:string" />
<wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpGetOut">
<wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetIn">
<wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetOut">
<wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpPostIn">
<wsdl:part name="CityName" type="s:string" />
<wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpPostOut">
<wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostIn">
<wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostOut">
<wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />
</wsdl:message>
<wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherSoap">
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>
<wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherSoapIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherSoapOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>
<wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountrySoapIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountrySoapOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
<wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet">
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>
<wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherHttpGetIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherHttpGetOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>
<wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
<wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost">
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>
<wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherHttpPostIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherHttpPostOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>
<wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostIn" />
<wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostOut" />
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:portType>
<wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherSoap" type="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">
<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<soap:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetWeather" style="document" />
<wsdl:input>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<soap:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetCitiesByCountry" style="document" />
<wsdl:input>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<soap:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherSoap12" type="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">
<soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<soap12:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetWeather" style="document" />
<wsdl:input>
<soap12:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<soap12:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<soap12:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetCitiesByCountry" style="document" />
<wsdl:input>
<soap12:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<soap12:body use="literal" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet" type="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpGet">
<http:binding verb="GET" />
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<http:operation location="/GetWeather" />
<wsdl:input>
<http:urlEncoded />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<http:operation location="/GetCitiesByCountry" />
<wsdl:input>
<http:urlEncoded />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost" type="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpPost">
<http:binding verb="POST" />
<wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">
<http:operation location="/GetWeather" />
<wsdl:input>
<mime:content type="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
<wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">
<http:operation location="/GetCitiesByCountry" />
<wsdl:input>
<mime:content type="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" />
</wsdl:input>
<wsdl:output>
<mime:mimeXml part="Body" />
</wsdl:output>
</wsdl:operation>
</wsdl:binding>
<wsdl:service name="GlobalWeather">
<wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherSoap" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">
<soap:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
<wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherSoap12" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap12">
<soap12:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
<wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpGet">
<http:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
<wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpPost">
<http:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />
</wsdl:port>
</wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>
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另外github上还有一些Gradle的插件来帮你实现xml和java对象的转换，但是本质上其实还是使用了jaxb的xjc ant插件实现的，只不过隐藏了实现细节，使用起来更加方便。感兴趣的可以看https://github.com/jacobono/gradle-jaxb-plugin。
