原创地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4044813.html
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（一）web.config文件
要创建REST WCF Service，endpoint binding需要用webHttpBinding，参见《webHttpBinding、basicHttpBinding和wsHttpBinding的区别》。
web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> authentication mode="None" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceBehavior"> webHttp helpEnabled="true"/> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceServiceBehavior" > <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="SandwichServices.CostService" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceServiceBehavior"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="SandwichServices.CostService" /> <endpoint contract="IMetadataExchange" binding="mexHttpBinding" address="mex" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
在《如何创建一个AJAX-Enabled WCF Service》中的web.config，因为需要AJAX，endpointBehaviors用了<enableWebScript />，但是enableWebScript 和REST需要的UriTemplate是有冲突的，所以这里不再使用。
endpointBehaviors中设置<webHttp helpEnabled="true"/>可以生成WCF Service的Help页面。
HTTP定义了与服务器交互的不同方法，最基本的方法有4种，分别是GET，POST，PUT，DELETE。一个URL地址，它用于描述一个网络上的资源，而HTTP中的GET，POST，PUT，DELETE就对应着对这个资源的查，改，增，删4个操作。GET一般用于获取/查询资源信息，而POST一般用于更新资源信息。
对于PUT和DELETE，需要身份验证信息，所以我们先暂时只允许匿名访问，在web.config中将authentication mode设置为None。
（二）webHttpBinding的XML格式
Employee.cs
using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
namespace SandwichServices { [DataContract] public class Employee { private Guid id; private string name; private DateTime birthdate; [DataMember] public Guid Id { get { return id; } set { id = value; } } [DataMember] public string Name { get { return name; } set { name = value; } } [DataMember] public DateTime Birthdate { get { return birthdate; } set { birthdate = value; } } } }
CostService.svc.cs
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation; using System.ServiceModel.Web; namespace SandwichServices { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "SandwichServices")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class CostService { // To use HTTP GET, add [WebGet] attribute. (Default ResponseFormat is WebMessageFormat.Json) // To create an operation that returns XML, // add [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)], // and include the following line in the operation body: // WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "text/xml"; [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "PUT", UriTemplate = "Employees/AddEmployee", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)] public Guid AddEmployee(Employee employee) { return Guid.NewGuid(); } [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "DELETE", UriTemplate = "Employees/DeleteEmployee?id={id}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)] public void DeleteEmployee(string id) { return; } [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "Employees/UpdateEmployee", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)] public void UpdateEmployee(Employee employee) { return; } [OperationContract] [WebGet(UriTemplate = "Employees/GetEmployee?id={id}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)] public Employee GetEmployee(string id) { return new Employee() { Id = new Guid(id), Name = "Neil Klugman", Birthdate = new DateTime(1930, 1, 1) }; } } }
（三）webHttpBinding JSON格式
将每个方法的ResponseFormat改为Json
CostService.svc.cs
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation; using System.ServiceModel.Web; namespace SandwichServices { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "SandwichServices")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class CostService { // To use HTTP GET, add [WebGet] attribute. (Default ResponseFormat is WebMessageFormat.Json) // To create an operation that returns XML, // add [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)], // and include the following line in the operation body: // WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "text/xml"; [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "PUT", UriTemplate = "Employees/AddEmployee", ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)] public Guid AddEmployee(Employee employee) { return Guid.NewGuid(); } [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "DELETE", UriTemplate = "Employees/DeleteEmployee?id={id}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] public void DeleteEmployee(string id) { return; } [OperationContract] [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", UriTemplate = "Employees/UpdateEmployee", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] public void UpdateEmployee(Employee employee) { return; } [OperationContract] [WebGet(UriTemplate = "Employees/GetEmployee?id={id}", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)] public Employee GetEmployee(string id) { return new Employee() { Id = new Guid(id), Name = "Neil Klugman", Birthdate = new DateTime(1930, 1, 1) }; } } }
（四）总结
- RESTful WCF Service需要使用webHttpBinding
- endpointBehaviors不要用<enableWebScript />
- endpointBehaviors中设置<webHttp helpEnabled="true"/>可以生成WCF Service的Help页面
- GET（查），POST（改），PUT（增），DELETE（删）
- 对于PUT和DELETE，需要身份验证信息
- webHttpBinding的数据格式有两种：XML和JSON，可以通过ResponseFormat来设置
