螺旋阵（递归和非递归）

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <cstdlib>
  3 #include <cstring>
  4 
  5 int **matrix;
  6 int value = 1;
  7 
  8 void recursion (int row, int col, int len)              // row, col代表本次左上角元素的位置, len为本次矩阵边长
  9 {
 10     if (len <= 0)
 11     {
 12         return;
 13     }
 14     
 15     int i = row, j = col;
 16     while (j < col + len)
 17     {
 18         matrix[i][j++] = value++;
 19     }
 20     
 21     j--;
 22     i++;
 23     
 24     while (i < row + len)
 25     {
 26         matrix[i++][j] = value++;
 27     }
 28     
 29     i--;
 30     j--;
 31     
 32     while (j >= col)
 33     {
 34         matrix[i][j--] = value++;
 35     }
 36     
 37     j++;
 38     i--;
 39     
 40     while (i > row)
 41     {
 42         matrix[i--][j] = value++;
 43     }
 44     
 45     i++;
 46     j++;
 47     
 48     recursion(i, j, len - 2);
 49 }
 50 
 51 void no_recursion ( int n )                    // n为整个矩阵的边长
 52 {    
 53     int i, j, len, col, row;
 54     for (i = 0, j = 0, len = n; len > 0; )
 55     {
 56         row = i;
 57         col = j;
 58         
 59         while (j < col + len)
 60         {
 61             matrix[i][j++] = value++;
 62         }
 63         
 64         j--;
 65         i++;
 66         
 67         while (i < row + len)
 68         {
 69             matrix[i++][j] = value++;
 70         }
 71         
 72         i--;
 73         j--;
 74         
 75         while (j >= col)
 76         {
 77             matrix[i][j--] = value++;
 78         }
 79         
 80         j++;
 81         i--;
 82         
 83         while (i > row)
 84         {
 85             matrix[i--][j] = value++;
 86         }
 87         
 88         i++;
 89         j++;
 90         
 91         len = len - 2;
 92     }
 93 }
 94 
 95 int main()
 96 {
 97     int N = 7, i, j;
 98     matrix = (int**) malloc(sizeof(int*) * N);
 99     
100     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
101     {
102         matrix[i] = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int) * N);
103         memset(matrix[i], 0, sizeof(int) * N);
104     }
105     
106     no_recursion(N);
107     
108     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
109     {
110         for (j = 0; j < N; j++)
111         {
112             std::cout << matrix[i][j] << ' ';
113         }
114         std::cout << std::endl;
115     }
116     
117     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
118     {
119         free(matrix[i]);
120     }
121     
122     free(matrix);
123     
124     return 0;
125 }

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <cstdlib>
  3 #include <cstring>
  4 
  5 int **matrix;
  6 int value = 1;
  7 
  8 void recursion (int row, int col, int len)              // row, col代表本次左上角元素的位置, len为本次矩阵边长
  9 {
 10     if (len <= 0)
 11     {
 12         return;
 13     }
 14     
 15     int i = row, j = col;
 16     while (j < col + len)
 17     {
 18         matrix[i][j++] = value++;
 19     }
 20     
 21     j--;
 22     i++;
 23     
 24     while (i < row + len)
 25     {
 26         matrix[i++][j] = value++;
 27     }
 28     
 29     i--;
 30     j--;
 31     
 32     while (j >= col)
 33     {
 34         matrix[i][j--] = value++;
 35     }
 36     
 37     j++;
 38     i--;
 39     
 40     while (i > row)
 41     {
 42         matrix[i--][j] = value++;
 43     }
 44     
 45     i++;
 46     j++;
 47     
 48     recursion(i, j, len - 2);
 49 }
 50 
 51 void no_recursion ( int n )                    // n为整个矩阵的边长
 52 {    
 53     int i, j, len, col, row;
 54     for (i = 0, j = 0, len = n; len > 0; )
 55     {
 56         row = i;
 57         col = j;
 58         
 59         while (j < col + len)
 60         {
 61             matrix[i][j++] = value++;
 62         }
 63         
 64         j--;
 65         i++;
 66         
 67         while (i < row + len)
 68         {
 69             matrix[i++][j] = value++;
 70         }
 71         
 72         i--;
 73         j--;
 74         
 75         while (j >= col)
 76         {
 77             matrix[i][j--] = value++;
 78         }
 79         
 80         j++;
 81         i--;
 82         
 83         while (i > row)
 84         {
 85             matrix[i--][j] = value++;
 86         }
 87         
 88         i++;
 89         j++;
 90         
 91         len = len - 2;
 92     }
 93 }
 94 
 95 int main()
 96 {
 97     int N = 7, i, j;
 98     matrix = (int**) malloc(sizeof(int*) * N);
 99     
100     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
101     {
102         matrix[i] = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int) * N);
103         memset(matrix[i], 0, sizeof(int) * N);
104     }
105     
106     no_recursion(N);
107     
108     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
109     {
110         for (j = 0; j < N; j++)
111         {
112             std::cout << matrix[i][j] << ' ';
113         }
114         std::cout << std::endl;
115     }
116     
117     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
118     {
119         free(matrix[i]);
120     }
121     
122     free(matrix);
123     
124     return 0;
125 }