最近几天被网络监听配置搞得焦头烂额，有时候配置没问题，有时候就出莫名其妙的问题，今天专门花时间总结了一下，希望对大家有所帮助。
listener.ora,tnsnames.ora有时候没有netca,netmgr这样的图形工具来创建的时候，只能手工来做，手工做的时候会有一些格式的问题，多加一个空格，或者少一个空格，就会有不同的结果。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
启动的时候非常缓慢，然后报出了没有监听liste1的信息。这种情况跟没有listener.ora的情况下直接起监听的结果一样，说明解析Listener.ora的时候，没有找到相关的listener信息。
LSNRCTL> start liste1
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/liste1.log
TNS-01151: Missing listener name, liste1, in LISTENER.ORA
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
然后删除那个空格后，监听启动就没有问题。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
启动监听的时候,报出了另外的错误，说sid_list_liste1的地方有问题。错误信息如下：
LSNRCTL> start liste1
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/liste1.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-01155: Incorrectly specified SID_LIST_liste1 parameter in LISTENER.ORA
NL-00303: syntax error in NV string
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
如果改成如下的形式，多加了一个空格，监听启动就没有问题了。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
listener.ora,tnsnames.ora有时候没有netca,netmgr这样的图形工具来创建的时候，只能手工来做，手工做的时候会有一些格式的问题，多加一个空格，或者少一个空格，就会有不同的结果。
案例一
下面是一个监听的基本配置，我故意在前面多加了一个空格（黄色标记所示）。LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
启动的时候非常缓慢，然后报出了没有监听liste1的信息。这种情况跟没有listener.ora的情况下直接起监听的结果一样，说明解析Listener.ora的时候，没有找到相关的listener信息。
LSNRCTL> start liste1
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/liste1.log
TNS-01151: Missing listener name, liste1, in LISTENER.ORA
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
然后删除那个空格后，监听启动就没有问题。
案例二
在倒数第2行的右括号，一个是顶格的，一个前面有一个空格。LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
LSNRCTL> start liste1
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/liste1.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-01155: Incorrectly specified SID_LIST_liste1 parameter in LISTENER.ORA
NL-00303: syntax error in NV string
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
如果改成如下的形式，多加了一个空格，监听启动就没有问题了。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
案例三
有的朋友可能说你这个钻牛角尖了，如果是倒数第三行，第四行的话行不行？
我试了一下，故意把address后面的右括号放到了下一行，然后顶格。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
启动监听的时候还是报错，这次貌似指向的错误信息更明确了。
LSNRCTL> start liste1
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/liste1.log
TNS-01150: The address of the specified listener name is incorrect
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
PROD=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1525))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PROD)
)
)
[oracle@oel1 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 1 16:55:03 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
PROD=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1525))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PROD))
)
[oracle@oel1 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 1 17:28:47 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
listener.ora
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
tnsnames.ora
PROD=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1525))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PROD))
)
来一个成功连接的例子收尾：
[oracle@oel1 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 1 17:00:46 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
启动监听的时候还是报错，这次貌似指向的错误信息更明确了。
LSNRCTL> start liste1
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/liste1.log
TNS-01150: The address of the specified listener name is incorrect
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
改成如下的形式，监听马上好了。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
Listener.ora的情况在tnsnames.ora里也是一样的情况，不过报错是ORA的错误，有一个好处是都是ORA-12154错误。
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
案例四
PROD=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1525))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PROD)
)
)
[oracle@oel1 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 1 16:55:03 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
案例五
多加一个空格，报错也是ora-12154PROD=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1525))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PROD))
)
[oracle@oel1 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 1 17:28:47 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
成功例子
最后贴出能够正确识别的Listener.ora和tnsnames.ora （格式当然不是很好）listener.ora
LISTE1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)
)
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTE1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME=PROD)
)
)
tnsnames.ora
PROD=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oel1.oracle.com)(PORT=1525))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PROD))
)
[oracle@oel1 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 1 17:00:46 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
