开发JAX-WS 2.0 Web服务

实现一个Web服务的过程，大概有3个基本的过程：

• Web服务提供者设计并开发Web服务
• Web服务提供者发布Web服务
• Web服务请求者调用Web服务

下面，我通过一个例子，来实现上述过程：
假设一个Web服务提供者提供一个对域名进行探测解析的服务，给定一个域名，可以给出改域名解析后对应的IP地址列表。Web服务提供者设计并开发这个Web服务，然后将服务发布出去，并可以让Web服务请求者进行调用。

开发Web服务

服务接口文件DetectionService.java代码如下所示：

1	package org.shirdrn.server.webservices.jaxws;

2

3	public interface DetectService {

4	DetectedResult detect(String domain);

5

}

对应的实现类DomainDetectionService.java，如下所示：

01	package org.shirdrn.server.webservices.jaxws;

02

03	import java.net.InetAddress;

04	import java.net.UnknownHostException;

05	import java.util.Date;

06

07	import javax.jws.WebMethod;

08	import javax.jws.WebService;

09	import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;

10

11	import org.xbill.DNS.Address;

12

13	@WebService(serviceName = "DomainDetector",portName = "DomainDetectorPort",

14	targetNamespace = "http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector")

15	@SOAPBinding(style=SOAPBinding.Style.DOCUMENT,use=SOAPBinding.Use.LITERAL,

16	parameterStyle=SOAPBinding.ParameterStyle.WRAPPED)

17	public class DomainDetectService implements DetectService {

18

19	@WebMethod

20	public DetectedResult detect(String domain) {

21	DetectedResult result = new DetectedResult();

22	result.setStartTime(new Date());

23

try {

24	InetAddress[] addresses = Address.getAllByName(domain);

25	for(InetAddress addr : addresses) {

26	result.getIpAddresses().add(addr.getHostAddress());

27

}

28	} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

29	e.printStackTrace();

30	} finally {

31	result.setFinishTime(new Date());

32	result.setTimeTaken(result.getFinishTime().getTime() - result.getStartTime().getTime());

33

}

34	return result;

35

}

36

37

}

上面用到一个DtectedResult类，如下所示：

01	package org.shirdrn.server.webservices.jaxws;

02

03	import java.util.ArrayList;

04	import java.util.Date;

05	import java.util.List;

06

07	public class DetectedResult {

08

09	private Date startTime;

10	private Date finishTime;

11	private long timeTaken;

12	private List<String> ipAddresses = new ArrayList<String>();

13

14	public Date getStartTime() {

15	return startTime;

16

}

17

18	public void setStartTime(Date startTime) {

19	this.startTime = startTime;

20

}

21

22	public Date getFinishTime() {

23	return finishTime;

24

}

25

26	public void setFinishTime(Date finishTime) {

27	this.finishTime = finishTime;

28

}

29

30	public long getTimeTaken() {

31	return timeTaken;

32

}

33

34	public void setTimeTaken(long timeTaken) {

35	this.timeTaken = timeTaken;

36

}

37

38	public List<String> getIpAddresses() {

39	return ipAddresses;

40

}

41

42	public void setIpAddresses(List<String> ipAddresses) {

43	this.ipAddresses = ipAddresses;

44

}

45

46

}

生成Web Service描述文件（WSDL），如下所示：

1	shirdrn@SYJ:~$ cd ~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin

2	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin$ wsgen -cp . org.shirdrn.server.webservices.jaxws.DomainDetectService -wsdl

3	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin$ ls

4	com DomainDetector_schema1.xsd DomainDetector.wsdl log4j.properties main org server.xml test

5	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin$ cp DomainDetect* /home/shirdrn/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/src/org/shirdrn/server/webservices/jaxws/wsdl

经过上面步骤，生成了两个文件：DomainDetect_schema1.xsd和DomainDetect.wsdl，内容分别如下所示：

• DomainDetector_schema1.xsd内容

01	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>

02	<xs:schema version="1.0"targetNamespace="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"

03	xmlns:tns="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

04

05	<xs:element name="detect" type="tns:detect" />

06

07	<xs:element name="detectResponse" type="tns:detectResponse" />

08

09	<xs:complexType name="detect">

10	<xs:sequence>

11	<xs:element name="arg0" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

12	</xs:sequence>

13	</xs:complexType>

14

15	<xs:complexType name="detectResponse">

16	<xs:sequence>

17	<xs:element name="return" type="tns:detectedResult" minOccurs="0"/>

18	</xs:sequence>

19	</xs:complexType>

20

21	<xs:complexType name="detectedResult">

22	<xs:sequence>

23	<xs:element name="finishTime" type="xs:dateTime" minOccurs="0" />

24	<xs:element name="ipAddresses" type="xs:string" nillable="true"

25	minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" />

26	<xs:element name="startTime" type="xs:dateTime" minOccurs="0" />

27	<xs:element name="timeTaken" type="xs:long" />

28	</xs:sequence>

29	</xs:complexType>

30	</xs:schema>

• DomainDetector.wsdl内容

01	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>

02	<!-- Generated by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is JAX-WS

03	RI 2.1.6 in JDK 6. -->

04	<definitions targetNamespace="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"

05	name="DomainDetector" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"xmlns:tns="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"

06	xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/">

07

<types>

08	<xsd:schema>

09	<xsd:importnamespace="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"

10	schemaLocation="DomainDetector_schema1.xsd" />

11	</xsd:schema>

12

</types>

13	<message name="detect">

14	<part name="parameters" element="tns:detect" />

15	</message>

16	<message name="detectResponse">

17	<part name="parameters" element="tns:detectResponse" />

18	</message>

19	<portType name="DomainDetectService">

20	<operation name="detect">

21	<input message="tns:detect" />

22	<output message="tns:detectResponse" />

23	</operation>

24	</portType>

25	<binding name="DomainDetectorPortBinding" type="tns:DomainDetectService">

26	<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"

27	style="document" />

28	<operation name="detect">

29	<soap:operation soapAction="" />

30

<input>

31	<soap:body use="literal" />

32

</input>

33

<output>

34	<soap:body use="literal" />

35

</output>

36	</operation>

37	</binding>

38	<service name="DomainDetector">

39	<port name="DomainDetectorPort" binding="tns:DomainDetectorPortBinding">

40	<soap:address location="REPLACE_WITH_ACTUAL_URL" />

41

</port>

42	</service>

43	</definitions>

可以看到，在wsdl文件中通过import引用了前面的schema文件，这个schema文件用于定义类型。

发布Web服务

我们可以发布我们上面开发的Web服务，代码如下所示：

01	package org.shirdrn.server.webservices.jaxws;

02

03	import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

04

05	public class PublishingServer {

06

07

08	public static void main(String[] args) {

09	String address ="http://172.0.8.212:9033/ws/services/DomainDetectService";

10	DetectService domainDetectService = new DomainDetectService();

11

12	Endpoint.publish(address, domainDetectService);

13

}

14

15

}

可以查看本地运行的Web服务进程：

1	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/src/org/shirdrn/server/webservices/jaxws$ sudo netstat -nap | grep 9033

2	tcp6 0 0 172.0.8.212:9033 :::* LISTEN 8302/java

3	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/src/org/shirdrn/server/webservices/jaxws$ jps

4	8302 PublishingServer

5

8358 Jps

可见，服务发布成功。
也可以在浏览器中打开链接：http://172.0.8.212:9033/ws/services/DomainDetectService?wsdl，就能看到发布的WSDL，内容如下所示：

01	<!-- Published by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is JAX-WS RI 2.1.6 in JDK 6. -->

02	<!-- Generated by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is JAX-WS RI 2.1.6 in JDK 6. -->

03	<definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"

04	xmlns:tns="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

05	xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"targetNamespace="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"

06	name="DomainDetector">

07

<types>

08	<xsd:schema>

09	<xsd:import namespace="http://ws.shirdrn.org/jaxws/WSDomainDetector"

10	schemaLocation="http://172.0.8.212:9033/ws/services/DomainDetectService?xsd=1" />

11	</xsd:schema>

12

</types>

13	<message name="detect">

14	<part name="parameters" element="tns:detect" />

15	</message>

16	<message name="detectResponse">

17	<part name="parameters" element="tns:detectResponse" />

18	</message>

19	<portType name="DomainDetectService">

20	<operation name="detect">

21	<input message="tns:detect" />

22	<output message="tns:detectResponse" />

23	</operation>

24	</portType>

25	<binding name="DomainDetectorPortBinding" type="tns:DomainDetectService">

26	<soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"

27	style="document" />

28	<operation name="detect">

29	<soap:operation soapAction="" />

30

<input>

31	<soap:body use="literal" />

32

</input>

33

<output>

34	<soap:body use="literal" />

35

</output>

36	</operation>

37	</binding>

38	<service name="DomainDetector">

39	<port name="DomainDetectorPort" binding="tns:DomainDetectorPortBinding">

40	<soap:address

41	location="http://172.0.8.212:9033/ws/services/DomainDetectService" />

42

</port>

43	</service>

44	</definitions>

调用Web服务

首先要根据服务提供者发布的Web服务，生成服务请求者客户端代码，如下所示：

01	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin$ wsimport -keep -p org.shirdrn.client.webservices.jaxwshttp://172.0.8.212:9033/ws/services/DomainDetectService?wsdl

02	parsing WSDL...

03

04	generating code...

05

06	compiling code...

07	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin$ cd org/shirdrn/client/webservices/jaxws/

08	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin/org/shirdrn/client/webservices/jaxws$ cp *.java /home/shirdrn/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/src/org/shirdrn/client/webservices/jaxws

09	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/bin/org/shirdrn/client/webservices/jaxws$ cd ~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/src/org/shirdrn/client/webservices/jaxws/

10	shirdrn@SYJ:~/programs/eclipse-java-juno/workspace/self_practice/src/org/shirdrn/client/webservices/jaxws$ ls

11	DetectedResult.java DetectResponse.java DomainDetector.java ObjectFactory.java

12	Detect.java DomainDetectService.java package-info.java

上面自动生成了客户端代码的骨架，如下几个文件：

• DetectedResult.java
• DetectResponse.java
• DomainDetector.java
• ObjectFactory.java
• Detect.java
• DomainDetectService.java
• package-info.java

基于这些代码，就可以实现服务请求者对服务提供者发布服务的调用。我们实现了一个简单的调用，代码如下所示：

01	package org.shirdrn.client.webservices.jaxws;

02

03	public class DomainDetectClient {

04

05	public static void main(String[] args) {

06	DomainDetector detector = new DomainDetector();

07	String domain = "baidu.com";

08	DetectedResult result = detector.getDomainDetectorPort().detect(domain);

09	System.out.println(result.getIpAddresses());

10

}

11

12

}

调用后可以返回对域名进行解析后得到的IP地址列表，结果如下所示：

1	[220.181.111.86, 123.125.114.144, 220.181.111.85]

到此为止，我们完成了一个简单的Web Service的开发、发布、调用的过程。