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在上一篇文章中,使用单表策略将一个表从逻辑上分成了多个表。但这样可能会造成空巢字段,也就是说,一个逻辑表只由部分字段组成,而物理的表的很多字段的值就会为null。为了解决这个问题,可以将t_accounts表物理地分成多个表。为了与t_accounts表进行对比,新建一个t_myaccounts表,结构如图1所示。
图1 t_myaccounts表
从t_myaccounts的结构可以看出,在该表中只包含了t_accounts表的前三个字段,而后两个在逻辑上分到了不同的表,因此,首先要建立两个物理表:t_checkingaccount和t_savingsaccount。这两个表的结构如下:
图2 t_checkingaccount表
图3 t_savingsaccount表
图2 t_checkingaccount表
图3 t_savingsaccount表
在t_checkingaccount和t_savingsaccount表中都有一个account_id,这个account_id的值依赖于t_myaccounts表中的account_id。
下面先来编写与t_myaccounts对应的实体Bean,代码如下:
下面先来编写与t_myaccounts对应的实体Bean,代码如下:
- package entity;
- import javax.persistence.Column;
- import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
- import javax.persistence.Entity;
- import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
- import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
- import javax.persistence.Id;
- import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
- import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
- import javax.persistence.Table;
- @Entity
- @Table(name="t_myaccounts")
- @Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.JOINED)
- public class Account
- {
- protected String id;
- protected float balance;
- protected String type;
- @Id
- @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
- @Column(name="account_id")
- public String getId()
- {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(String id)
- {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public float getBalance()
- {
- return balance;
- }
- public void setBalance(float balance)
- {
- this.balance = balance;
- }
- @Column(name="account_type")
- public String getType()
- {
- return type;
- }
- public void setType(String type)
- {
- this.type = type;
- }
- }
从上面的代码可以看出,只使用了@Inheritance对实体Bean进行注释。
下面编写MyCheckingAccount和MySavingsAccount类的代码:
MyCheckingAccount类的代码:
- package entity;
- import javax.persistence.Column;
- import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
- import javax.persistence.Entity;
- import javax.persistence.Id;
- import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
- import javax.persistence.Table;
- @Entity
- @Table(name="t_checkingaccount")
- // 指定与Account类共享的主键名
- @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="account_id")
- public class MyCheckingAccount extends Account
- {
- private double overdraftLimit;
- public MyCheckingAccount()
- {
- // 为account_type字段赋默认值
- setType("C");
- }
- @Column(name="overdraft_limit")
- public double getOverdraftLimit()
- {
- return overdraftLimit;
- }
- public void setOverdraftLimit(double overdraftLimit)
- {
- this.overdraftLimit = overdraftLimit;
- }
- }
MySavingsAccount类的代码:
- package entity;
- import javax.persistence.Column;
- import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
- import javax.persistence.Entity;
- import javax.persistence.Id;
- import javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
- import javax.persistence.Table;
- @Entity
- @Table(name="t_savingsaccount")
- @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name="account_id")
- public class MySavingsAccount extends Account
- {
- private double interestRate;
- public MySavingsAccount()
- {
- // 为account_type字段赋默认值
- setType("S");
- }
- @Column(name="interest_rate")
- public double getInterestRate()
- {
- return interestRate;
- }
- public void setInterestRate(double interestRate)
- {
- this.interestRate = interestRate;
- }
- }
在上面的代码中使用构造方法来初始化了t_myaccounts表的account_type字段的值。
可以使用下面的代码进行测试:
- System.out.println(((MyCheckingAccount)em.createQuery("from MyCheckingAccount where id=12")
- .getSingleResult()).getBalance());
- MyCheckingAccount ca = new MyCheckingAccount();
- ca.setBalance(342);
- ca.setOverdraftLimit(120);
- em.persist(ca);
- MySavingsAccount sa = new MySavingsAccount();
- sa.setBalance(200);
- sa.setInterestRate(321);
- em.persist(sa);