原文:
WPF界面设计技巧（4）—自定义列表项样式
有前面修改按钮样式的基础，我们可以尝试来定制一个即好看又好用的 ListBox ，今天先来讲“好看”部分。
打开 Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 ，建立一个WPF应用程序，调整窗体大小，在窗体内创建一个 ListBox 和一个 Button ，按下图所示布局。
在 Window1.xaml 中为窗体 Loaded 事件及按钮 Click 事件添加事件处理：
Code
<Window x:Class="自定义列表项.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="Window1" Height="351" Width="416" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
<Grid>
<ListBox Margin="26,21,27,54" Name="listBox1" />
<Button Height="23" Click="button1_Click" Margin="26,0,0,13" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="75" Background="AliceBlue">选择文件</Button>
</Grid>
</Window>
在项目的引用中添加对 System.Windows.Froms 的引用，因为我们要使用其中的“打开文件对话框”组件。
添加 using 语句，引用以下所示的命名空间。为 System.Windows.Froms 设置别名是为了防止和现有的命名空间内的名称冲突。
在 Window1.xaml.cs 中书写以下代码：
Code
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using Forms=System.Windows.Forms;
namespace 自定义列表项
{
/**//// <summary>
/// Window1.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class Window1 : Window
{
public Window1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public ObservableCollection<FileInfo> FileList=new ObservableCollection<FileInfo>();
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
listBox1.ItemsSource = FileList;
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var open=new Forms.OpenFileDialog { Multiselect = true };
if (open.ShowDialog() == Forms.DialogResult.OK)
{
foreach (string f in open.FileNames) FileList.Add(new FileInfo(f));
}
}
}
}
我们采用泛型集合 ObservableCollection<FileInfo> 装载文件列表，ObservableCollection 不同于以往的集合类型，它会在其内容更改时向 WPF 控件发送更新通知，以确保显示和数据的同步，所以 WPF 开发中，集合类型应多使用该类型。
在窗体载入完毕后，将 ListBox1 绑定到文件列表 FileList 。
这时编译并运行程序，选择一些文件，应当是这个样子：
在App.xaml中添加如下样式设定：
Code
<!--ListBox样式-->
<Style TargetType="ListBox">
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#BDD4F1"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="Background" Value="#F8F7F5"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Hidden"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="true"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
</Style>
<!--ListBoxItem样式-->
<Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#B5BABF"/>
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="True"/>
<Setter Property="Height" Value="24"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Border Name="back" BorderBrush="#F8F7F5" BorderThickness="0,1,0,1">
<Border.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="#F8F7F5" Offset="0.0"/>
<GradientStop Color="#F8F7F5" Offset="0.5"/>
<GradientStop Color="#F8F7F5" Offset="0.51"/>
<GradientStop Color="#F8F7F5" Offset="1"/>
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.Background>
<ContentPresenter Margin="2" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Trigger.EnterActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<DoubleAnimation To="32" Duration="0:0:0.3" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Height"/>
<ColorAnimation To="#F3C37C" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#952B00" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#FFF" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#FFEF99" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#FFE13F" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#FFF3B0" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)" />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.EnterActions>
<Trigger.ExitActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<DoubleAnimation BeginTime="0:0:0.4" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Height"/>
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)" />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.ExitActions>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Trigger.EnterActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<ColorAnimation To="#D8E6F5" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#617A98" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#F6F9FD" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#E0EBF7" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#D7E5F6" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation To="#F6F9FD" Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)" />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.EnterActions>
<Trigger.ExitActions>
<BeginStoryboard>
<Storyboard>
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.BorderBrush).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(ListBoxItem.Foreground).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[0].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[1].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[2].(GradientStop.Color)" />
<ColorAnimation Duration="0:0:0.2" Storyboard.TargetName="back" Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Border.Background).(LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops)[3].(GradientStop.Color)" />
</Storyboard>
</BeginStoryboard>
</Trigger.ExitActions>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
最终效果（按钮是沿用以前教程制作的样式）：
样式代码部分基本没什么可讲的了，看看前面的教程应该都可以搞明白了，有不懂的地方请留言发问吧。
源代码下载
这次教程主要是为了后面做铺垫，在下一篇教程中，我将会为大家讲述如何定制列表项的内容，比如让每个项目都可以显示图片、文件尺寸等信息，借助 WPF 的强大界面设计特性，我们不需开发自定义控件，只需用一些 XAML 代码，就可以为普通控件赋予丰富的呈现功能，敬请关注。
