Java 读写文件比较麻烦,那 Groovy 操作文件又如何呢?
1. 读文件
读文件内容
在groovy中输出文件的内容:
println new File("tmp.csv").text
上面代码非常简单,没有流的出现,没有资源关闭的出现,也没有异常控制的出现,所有的这些groovy已经搞定了。
读取每一行内容:
File file = new File('tmp.csv')
assert file.name == 'tmp.csv'
assert ! file.isAbsolute()
assert file.path == 'tmp.csv'
assert file.parent == null
//使用系统默认的编码处理文件流
file.eachLine {println it }
//指定处理流的编码
file.eachLine("UTF-8") { println it }
file.eachLine("UTF-8",10) {str,no->
println str
println no }
对文件中每一行的内容做处理:
file.splitEachLine("\t") { println it }
//以大写行式输出文件内容
lineList = file.readLines();
liineList.each {
println it.toUpperCase();
}
file.filterLine {String str->
if (str.contains('code'))
println str
}.writeTo(new PrintWriter(System.out))
解析 xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<customers>
<corporate>
<customer name="bill gates" company="microsoft"></customer>
<customer name="steve jobs" company="apple"></customer>
<customer name="bill dyh" company="sun"></customer>
</corporate>
<consumer>
<customer name="jone Doe"></customer>
<customer name="jane Doe"></customer>
</consumer>
</customers>
def customers = new XmlSlurper().parse(new File("customers.xml"))
/*对文件进行解析*/
for(customer in customers.corporate.customer){
println "${customer.@name} works for${customer.@company}";
}
解析 propeties 文件
参考 groovy: How to access to properties file?,代码如下:
def props = new Properties()
new File("message.properties").withInputStream {
stream -> props.load(stream)
}
// accessing the property from Properties object using Groovy's map notation
println "capacity.created=" + props["capacity.created"]
def config = new ConfigSlurper().parse(props)
// accessing the property from ConfigSlurper object using GPath expression
println "capacity.created=" + config.capacity.created
另外一种方式:
def config = new ConfigSlurper().parse(new File("message.groovy").toURL())
message.groovy 内容如下:
capacity {
created="x"
modified="y"
}
2. 操作目录
列出目录所有文件(包含子文件夹,子文件夹内文件) :
def dir = new File(dirName)
if (dir.isDirectory()) {
dir.eachFileRecurse { file ->
println file
}
}
dir.eachFileMatch(~/.*\.txt/) {File it-> println it.name } //使正则表达式匹配文件名
dir.eachFileMatch(FILES, ~/.*\.txt/) { File it-> println it.name }
3. 写文件
import java.io.File
def writeFile(fileName) {
def file = new File(fileName)
if (file.exists())
file.delete()
def printWriter = file.newPrintWriter() //
printWriter.write('The first content of file')
printWriter.write('\n')
printWriter.write('The first content of file')
printWriter.flush()
printWriter.close()
}
除了 file.newPrintWriter()
可以得到一个 PrintWriter,类似方法还有 file.newInputStream()
、 file.newObjectInputStream()
等。
更简洁写法:
new File(fileName).withPrintWriter { printWriter ->
printWriter.println('The first content of file')
}