As3.0中的位图(Bitmap/BitmapData)编程-阿里云开发者社区

As3.0中的位图(Bitmap/BitmapData)编程功能十分丰富，下面这些是官方文档上的基本示例：

1.位图使用(模糊)滤镜

//创建一个矩形区域的BitmapData
var bmd:BitmapData = new BitmapData(80, 30, false, 0xefefef);

//画个红色的矩形
var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(20, 10, 40, 10);
bmd.fillRect(rect, 0xFF0000);

//找到红色矩形的右上顶点
var pt:Point = new Point(rect.left, rect.top);

//定义一个模糊滤镜
var filter:BlurFilter = new BlurFilter(8,8,1);

//应用滤镜
bmd.applyFilter(bmd, rect, pt, filter);

//创建一个位图对象，并加入到舞台
var bm:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd);

bm.scaleX = bm.scaleY = 2.0;
bm.x = stage.stageWidth/2 -bm.width/2;
bm.y = stage.stageHeight/2 - bm.height/2 ;

addChild(bm);

2.像素拷贝及赋值

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(90, 60, false, 0x00000000);
var bmd2:BitmapData = bmd1.clone();//拷贝

//"画"一条白色的线
for(var i:uint=10;i<=40;i++){
	bmd1.setPixel32(i, i, 0xFFFFFFFF);
}

trace(bmd1.getPixel32(10, 10).toString(16)); // ffffffff
trace(bmd2.getPixel32(10, 10).toString(16)); // ff000000

var bm1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
this.addChild(bm1);
bm1.x =bm1.y = 5;

var bm2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
bm2.x = 105;
bm2.y =5;
this.addChild(bm2);

3.颜色变换

var bmd:BitmapData = new BitmapData(80, 30, false, 0xFF0000);

var cTransform:ColorTransform = new ColorTransform();
cTransform.alphaMultiplier = 0.8;//设置透明度因子为0.8
var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 40, 30);//定义左半边矩形区域
bmd.colorTransform(rect, cTransform);//对rect区域应用colorTransform

var bm:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd);
addChild(bm);

bm.x = stage.stageWidth/2 - bm.width/2;
bm.y = stage.stageHeight/2 - bm.height/2;

4.比较位图差异

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(50, 50, true, 0xFFFFAA00);
var bmd2:BitmapData = new BitmapData(50, 50, true, 0xCCFFAA00);
var diffBmpData:BitmapData = BitmapData(bmd1.compare(bmd2));
var diffValue:String = diffBmpData.getPixel32(1, 1).toString(16);
//解释：当二个位置尺寸大小相同，且仅alpha分量不同时，compare的值为 zzFFFFFF，其中zz为bmd1与bmd2的alpha分量差
trace (diffValue); // 33ffffff

var bm1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
addChild(bm1);
bm1.x = bm1.y = 5;
var bm2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
addChild(bm2);
bm2.x = 60;
bm2.y = 5;

var bmDiff = new Bitmap(diffBmpData);
addChild(bmDiff);
bmDiff.x = 115;
bmDiff.y = 5;

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(50, 50, true, 0xFF00FF99);
var bmd2:BitmapData = new BitmapData(50, 50, true, 0x99AA3366);
var diffBmpData:BitmapData = BitmapData(bmd1.compare(bmd2));
var diffValue:String = diffBmpData.getPixel32(1, 1).toString(16);
//解释：当二个位置尺寸大小相同，但RGB分量不同时，compare的值为 FFxxyyzz，其中xx,yy,zz分别为bm1与bm2的RGB分量差，同时alpha分量差将被忽略
trace (diffValue); // ff56cc33

var bm1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
addChild(bm1);
bm1.x = bm1.y = 5;
var bm2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
addChild(bm2);
bm2.x = 60;
bm2.y = 5;

var bmDiff = new Bitmap(diffBmpData);
addChild(bmDiff);
bmDiff.x = 115;
bmDiff.y = 5;

5.拷贝颜色通道

var bmd:BitmapData = new BitmapData(stage.stageWidth, stage.stageHeight, false, 0x00FF0000);

var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 20, 40);
var pt:Point = new Point(10, 10);
bmd.copyChannel(bmd, rect, pt, BitmapDataChannel.RED, BitmapDataChannel.BLUE);//将红色通道复制到以(10,10)为顶点，宽为20,高为40的矩形区域的蓝色通道中

trace(bmd.getPixel32(10,10).toString(16));//ffff00ff，即矩形区域的最终颜色值为ff ff 00 ff(纯红 叠加 纯蓝)

var bm:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd);
this.addChild(bm);

6.截取位图的某一部分(像素)

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(40, 40, false, 0x000000FF);
var bmd2:BitmapData = new BitmapData(80, 40, false, 0x0000CC44);

var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 20, 20);
var pt:Point = new Point(10, 10);
bmd2.copyPixels(bmd1, rect, pt);//将bmd1中以pt为左上顶点的rect矩形像素复制到bmd2中

var bm1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
this.addChild(bm1);
var bm2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
this.addChild(bm2);
bm2.x = 50;

7.将文本转换为位图

import flash.display.Bitmap;
import flash.display.BitmapData;
import flash.text.TextField;

var tf:TextField = new TextField();
tf.text = "bitmap text";

var myBitmapData:BitmapData = new BitmapData(80, 20);
myBitmapData.draw(tf);
var bmp:Bitmap = new Bitmap(myBitmapData);
this.addChild(bmp);
bmp.x = stage.stageWidth/2 - bmp.width/2;
bmp.y = stage.stageHeight/2 - bmp.height/2;

8.仿PS中的颜色填充工具

//准备一个40*40绿色背景的BitmapData
var myBitmapData:BitmapData = new BitmapData(40, 40, false, 0x0000FF00);

//画二个有“交叉重叠”部分的“蓝色”矩形
var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 25, 25);
myBitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0x000000FF);
rect = new Rectangle(20, 20, 20, 20);
myBitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0x000000FF);

//从坐标(10,10)开始寻找与(10,10)坐标(像素点相同且连续的区域)填充红色
myBitmapData.floodFill(10, 10, 0x00FF0000);

var bm:Bitmap = new Bitmap(myBitmapData);
addChild(bm);

bm.scaleX  = bm.scaleY = 3.0;
bm.x = stage.stageWidth/2 - bm.width/2;
bm.y = stage.stageHeight/2 - bm.height/2;

9.颜色融合

import flash.display.Bitmap;
import flash.display.BitmapData;
import flash.geom.Rectangle;
import flash.geom.Point;

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(100, 80, true, 0xFF00FF00);
var bmd2:BitmapData = new BitmapData(100, 80, true, 0xFFFF0000);
var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 40, 40);
var pt:Point = new Point(20, 20);
var mult:uint = 0x80; // 50% ,各通道值均为128，即50%
bmd1.merge(bmd2, rect, pt, mult, mult, mult, mult);

var bm1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
addChild(bm1);
var bm2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
addChild(bm2);
bm2.x = 110;

//最终值
//new redDest = [(redSrc * redMultiplier) + (redDest * (256 - redMultiplier))] / 256;
trace(bmd1.getPixel32(20,20).toString(16)); //ff7f7f00

//解释:
//返回值中Red分量为 7f = 0x00 * 0x80 + 0xff*(0x100-0x80)/0x100

10.噪点图

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(80, 80);
var bmd2:BitmapData = new BitmapData(80, 80);

var seed:int = int(Math.random() * int.MAX_VALUE);
bmd1.noise(seed, 0, 0xFF, BitmapDataChannel.RED, false);
bmd2.noise(seed, 0, 0xFF, BitmapDataChannel.RED, true);

var bm1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
this.addChild(bm1);
bm1.x = 10;
bm1.y = 10;
var bm2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
this.addChild(bm2);
bm2.x = 100;
bm2.y = 10;


stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,enterFrameHandler);

function enterFrameHandler(e:Event):void{
	seed = Math.floor(Math.random() * int.MAX_VALUE);
	bmd1.noise(seed, 0, 0xFF, BitmapDataChannel.RED, false);
	bmd2.noise(seed, 0, 0xFF, BitmapDataChannel.RED, true);
	bm1.bitmapData = bmd1;
	bm2.bitmapData = bmd2;
}

11.另一种噪点图(有点类似卫星云图)

import flash.display.Bitmap;
import flash.display.BitmapData;

var bmd:BitmapData = new BitmapData(200, 200, false, 0x00CCCCCC);

var seed:Number = Math.floor(Math.random() * 999999);
var channels:uint = BitmapDataChannel.GREEN | BitmapDataChannel.BLUE;
bmd.perlinNoise(100, 80, 6, seed, false, true, channels, false, null);

var bm:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd);
addChild(bm);
bm.x = stage.stageWidth/2 - bm.width/2;
bm.y = stage.stageHeight/2 - bm.height/2;

stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,enterFrameHandler);

function enterFrameHandler(e:Event):void{
	seed = Math.floor(Math.random() * 999999);
	bmd.perlinNoise(100, 80, 6, seed, false, true, channels, false, null);
	bm.bitmapData = bmd;	
}

12.像素融解

import flash.display.BitmapData;
import flash.display.Bitmap;
import flash.geom.Point;
import flash.geom.Rectangle;
import flash.utils.Timer;
import flash.events.TimerEvent;

var rndColor:int = Math.random() * 0xffffffff;//随机背景色
var fillColor:int = Math.random() * 0xffffffff;//随机填充色

var bmd:BitmapData = new BitmapData(100, 100, false, rndColor);
var bitmap:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd);
addChild(bitmap);

bitmap.scaleX = bitmap.scaleY = 1.5;
bitmap.x = stage.stageWidth/2 - bitmap.width/2;
bitmap.y = stage.stageHeight/2 - bitmap.height/2;

var tim:Timer = new Timer(20);
tim.start();
tim.addEventListener(TimerEvent.TIMER, timerHandler);
 
function timerHandler(event:TimerEvent):void {
    var randomNum:Number = Math.floor(Math.random() * int.MAX_VALUE);
    dissolve(randomNum);
}

function dissolve(randomNum:Number):void {
    var rect:Rectangle = bmd.rect;
    var pt:Point = new Point(0, 0);
    var numberOfPixels:uint = 100;//每次融解100个像素    
    bmd.pixelDissolve(bmd, rect, pt, randomNum, numberOfPixels, fillColor);
    var grayRegion:Rectangle = bmd.getColorBoundsRect(0xFFFFFFFF, rndColor, true);
	
    if(grayRegion.width == 0 && grayRegion.height == 0 ) {
		bmd.dispose();
		rndColor = Math.random() * 0xffffffff;
		fillColor = Math.random() * 0xffffff;
		bmd = new BitmapData(100, 100, false, rndColor);
		bitmap.bitmapData = bmd;
		
        //tim.stop();
    }
}

13.查找满足条件的颜色并替换

import flash.display.Bitmap;
import flash.display.BitmapData;
import flash.display.BitmapDataChannel;
import flash.geom.Point;
import flash.geom.Rectangle;

var bmd1:BitmapData = new BitmapData(200, 200, true, 0xFFCCCCCC);

var seed:int = int(Math.random() * int.MAX_VALUE);
var channels:uint = BitmapDataChannel.RED | BitmapDataChannel.BLUE;
bmd1.perlinNoise(100, 80, 12, seed, false, true, channels, false, null);

var bitmap1:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd1);
addChild(bitmap1);

var bmd2:BitmapData = new BitmapData(200, 200, true, 0xFFCCCCCC);
var pt:Point = new Point(0, 0);
var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 200, 200);
var threshold:uint =  0x00800000;//50%的红色通道值 
var color:uint = 0x80FF0000;//替换后的颜色
var maskColor:uint = 0x00FF0000;//因为只查找红色通道，所以遮罩仅为纯红色通道
bmd2.threshold(bmd1, rect, pt, ">", threshold, color, maskColor, true);

var bitmap2:Bitmap = new Bitmap(bmd2);
bitmap2.x = bitmap1.x + bitmap1.width + 10;
addChild(bitmap2);

addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,EnterFrameHandler);

function EnterFrameHandler(e:Event):void{
	seed = int(Math.random() * int.MAX_VALUE);
	bmd1.perlinNoise(100, 80, 12, seed, false, true, channels, false, null);
	bitmap1.bitmapData = bmd1;
	bmd2.threshold(bmd1, rect, pt, ">", threshold, color, maskColor, true);
	bitmap2.bitmapData = bmd2;
}

14.综合应用1：模仿MetaBall(当然这种方法并不精确)

var ballNum:uint=5;
var balls:Array = new Array();
var sW:Number=stage.stageWidth;
var sH:Number=stage.stageHeight;
var container:Sprite = new Sprite();
var bmd:BitmapData=new BitmapData(sW,sH,false,0x00000000);
var bitmap:Bitmap;
var i:uint=0;
var rect:Rectangle=new Rectangle(0,0,sW,sH);
var pt:Point=new Point(0,0);
var filter:BlurFilter=new BlurFilter(15,15);

function init() {
	for (i=0; i<ballNum; i++) {
		var b:Ball=new Ball(30+Math.random()*40,0xffffff);
		balls.push(b);
		b.x = (sW - b.width)*Math.random() + b.radius;
		b.y = (sH - b.width)*Math.random() + b.radius;
		b.vx=(Math.random()*2-1)*2;
		b.vy=(Math.random()*2-1)*2;
		container.addChild(b);
	}

	bmd.draw(container);
	bmd.applyFilter(bmd, rect, pt, filter);
	bitmap=new Bitmap(bmd);
	addChild(bitmap);
	addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,enterFrameHandler);
}

function enterFrameHandler(e:Event):void {
	for (i=0; i<ballNum; i++) {
		var b:Ball=balls[i];
		b.x+=b.vx;
		b.y+=b.vy;
		var adjust:uint=5;
		if (b.x>=sW-b.radius-adjust) {
			b.x=sW-b.radius-adjust;
			b.vx*=-1;
		} else if (b.x<b.radius+adjust) {
			b.x=b.radius+adjust;
			b.vx*=-1;
		}

		if (b.y>=sH-b.radius-adjust) {
			b.y=sH-b.radius-adjust;
			b.vy*=-1;
		} else if (b.y<b.radius+adjust) {
			b.y=b.radius+adjust;
			b.vy*=-1;
		}
	}

	bmd.dispose();
	bmd=new BitmapData(sW,sH,false,0x00000000);
	bmd.draw(container);
	bmd.applyFilter(bmd, rect, pt, filter);
	bitmap.bitmapData=bmd;
}

init();

15.综合应用2-粒子效果(从天地会淘来的)

package asbook
{
	import flash.display.*
	import flash.geom.*
	public class particleSample extends Sprite 
	{
		private var apoint : Point;
		private var aspeed : Number = 0;
		private var arote  : Number = 0;
		private var cpoint : Point;
		private var rl : Number = 0;
		
		public function particleSample(cp:Point , lg:Number , art:Number , asp:Number):void 
		{// 1s
			apoint = new Point();
			cpoint = cp;
			rl = lg;
			arote = art;
			aspeed = asp;
			setapoint();
		}// 1e
		
		public function pmove():Point 
		{// 2s
			arote += aspeed;
			if(arote >= 360) arote -= 360;
			setapoint();
			return apoint;
		}// 2e
		
		public function setapoint():void 
		{// 3s
			var temp:Number = arote * Math.PI / 180;
			apoint.x = cpoint.x + rl * Math.cos(temp);
			apoint.y = cpoint.y + rl * Math.sin(temp);
			
		}// 3e
	}// class end
}// package end

package asbook{
	import flash.events.*;
	import flash.display.*;
	import flash.text.*;
	import flash.utils.*;
	public class FPSshow extends Sprite {
		private var FPStxt:TextField;
		private var FPScount:Number;
		private var FPStimer:int;
		private var fm:TextFormat;
		public function FPSshow() {
			fm = new TextFormat();
			fm.size  = 20;
			FPStxt = new TextField();
			FPStxt.defaultTextFormat = fm;
			FPScount = 0;
			FPStxt.textColor = 0xFFFFFF;
			FPStxt.x = 10;
			FPStxt.y = 10;
			addEventListener(Event.ADDED , onadd);
			addEventListener(Event.REMOVED  , onremove);

		}
		private function onadd(evt:Event) {
			stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME  , showFPS);
			addChild(FPStxt);
			FPStimer = getTimer();
		}
		private function onremove(evt:Event) {
			stage.removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME , showFPS);
		}
		private function showFPS(evt:Event ) {
			if ( getTimer() - 1000 > FPStimer ) {
				FPStimer = getTimer();
				FPStxt.text = "FPS : "+FPScount;
				FPScount = 0;
			} else {
				FPScount++;
			}
		}

	}//end class
}//end package

package asbook{
	import asbook.particleSample;
	import asbook.FPSshow;
	import flash.filters.*;
	import flash.display.*;
	import flash.geom.*;
	import flash.events.*;
	
	[SWF(height="300",width="300",frameRate=100)]
	public class main extends MovieClip {
		private var gNum1:int=1500;
		private var gNum2:int=1500;
		private var gArr:Array=[];
		private var ccPoint:Point;
		private var rrl:Number;
		private var length1:Number=50;
		private var length2:Number=200;
		private var length3:Number=300;
		private var bmp:Bitmap;
		private var bmd:BitmapData;
		private var bmdctf:ColorTransform=new ColorTransform(0.96,0.86,0);
		private var stgw:Number=stage.stageWidth;
		private var stgh:Number=stage.stageHeight;
		private var started:Boolean=false;
		private var bmped:Boolean=false;

		public function main() {
			ccPoint=new Point(stgw/2,stgh/2);
			initbmp();
			initstart();
			addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME , run);
			addChild( new FPSshow()  );
		}


		private function initbmp():void {
			if (bmped) {
				return;
			}
			bmped=true;
			bmd=new BitmapData(stgw,stgh,false,0);
			bmp=new Bitmap(bmd);
			addChild(bmp);
		}

		private function initstart():void {
			if (started) {
				return;
			}
			started=true;

			for (var i:int  = 1; i <= gNum1; i++) {
				rrl=Math.abs(Math.random()-Math.random());
				var pp:particleSample = new particleSample(ccPoint , rrl * ( (length2 - length1)  / 2  *  1.2 )  + length1 / 2  , Math.random() * 360 , Math.random() * 10 - 6 );
				gArr.push(pp);
			}

			for (i  = 1; i <= gNum2; i++) {
				rrl=Math.abs(Math.random()-Math.random());
				var pp:particleSample = new particleSample(ccPoint , rrl *  (length3 - length2) / 2      + length2 / 2  , Math.random() * 360 , Math.random() * 5 - 3 );
				gArr.push(pp);
			}
			trace("Total:  " + gArr.length);
		}
		private function run(evt:Event):void {
			bmd.lock();
			bmd.colorTransform(bmd.rect , bmdctf);
			bmd.applyFilter(bmd , bmd.rect , new Point() , new BlurFilter(10 , 10 ,1));
			var pppoint:Point = new Point();
			for (var i:int = 0; i <=( gArr.length - 1 ); i++) {
				var pptemp:particleSample=gArr[i] as particleSample;
				pppoint=pptemp.pmove();
				bmd.setPixel32(pppoint.x , pppoint.y , 0xffffff);
			}
			bmd.unlock();
		}
	}// main class end
}//package end

As3.0中的位图(Bitmap/BitmapData)编程

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