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简介: 【11月更文挑战第03天】

SQL AND & OR 运算符详细讲解

在 SQL 中,ANDOR 运算符用于组合多个条件,以便根据这些条件过滤记录。

  • AND 运算符:仅当所有条件都为真时,才会返回记录。
  • OR 运算符:只要至少有一个条件为真,就会返回记录。

假设我们使用的是名为 "Websites" 的表,该表包含了不同的网站信息,包括它们的名称、URL、Alexa 排名、国家等。

AND 运算符实例

下面的 SQL 语句从 "Websites" 表中选取国家为 "CN" 且 Alexa 排名大于 50 的所有网站:

SELECT * FROM Websites
WHERE country='CN'
AND alexa > 50;

执行输出结果:

+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name         | url                       | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 2  | 淘宝          | https://www.taobao.com/    | 13    | CN      |
| 3  | 111教程      | http://www.runoob.com/     | 4689  | CN      |
| 4  | 微博          | http://weibo.com/          | 20    | CN      |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+

这个查询返回了表中所有国家为 "CN" 且 Alexa 排名大于 50 的网站记录。

OR 运算符实例

下面的 SQL 语句从 "Websites" 表中选取国家为 "USA" 或者 "CN" 的所有网站:

SELECT * FROM Websites
WHERE country='USA'
OR country='CN';

执行输出结果:

+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name         | url                       | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 1  | Google       | https://www.google.com/    | 1     | USA     |
| 2  | 淘宝          | https://www.taobao.com/    | 13    | CN      |
| 3  | 111教程      | http://www.runoob.com/     | 4689  | CN      |
| 4  | 微博          | http://weibo.com/          | 20    | CN      |
| 5  | Facebook     | https://www.facebook.com/  | 3     | USA     |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+

这个查询返回了表中所有国家为 "USA" 或 "CN" 的网站记录。

结合 AND & OR

结合使用 ANDOR 运算符可以创建更复杂的查询条件。例如,如果你想选取国家为 "CN" 且 Alexa 排名大于 50,或者国家为 "USA" 的所有网站,可以使用以下 SQL 语句:

SELECT * FROM Websites
WHERE (country='CN' AND alexa > 50)
OR country='USA';

执行输出结果:

+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name         | url                       | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 1  | Google       | https://www.google.com/    | 1     | USA     |
| 2  | 淘宝          | https://www.taobao.com/    | 13    | CN      |
| 3  | 111教程      | http://www.11.com/     | 4689  | CN      |
| 5  | Facebook     | https://www.facebook.com/  | 3     | USA     |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+

这个查询返回了表中所有国家为 "CN" 且 Alexa 排名大于 50,或者国家为 "USA" 的网站记录。

通过使用 ANDOR 运算符,你可以构建出复杂的查询条件,以满足各种数据检索需求。

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