Mac os 安装 nginx 教程（success）

前言

1. 最近使用Mac系统，从新预习一下nginx，所以写了这篇博客，以便以后和广大好友减少麻烦。
2. 安装启动完会发现，在Mac下安装nginx，和Linux下安装nginx，其实没有区别。就是先安装三个依赖包，最后安装nginx即可。唯一的区别可能是三个依赖包的安装方式不同罢了。
3. 注意下最后的bug，很简单，手动创建文件夹即可，原因是因为没有权限创建文件夹而已～

一、homebrew

1、介绍

Mac下包管理工具：homebrew

2、下载安装

安装开始的截图，接着跟着流程执行即可

二、安装nginx

1、安装前准备

nginx 依赖于 pcre、zlib、openssl

1. nginx的http模块使用pcre来解析正则表达式，需要在linux上安装pcre库
2. nginx使用zlib对http包的内容进行gzip，需要在linux上安装安装zlib库
3. 安装openssl库，让 nginx 支持 https（即在ssl协议上传输http）

缺少依赖会报错如下错误

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

a、安装pcre

1. 执行命令 brew install pcre

2. 命令执行如下：
   

   (base) C02ZT6HWLVDL:nginx-1.22.1 alsc$ brew install pcre
   Running `brew update --auto-update`...
   ==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formula and cask analytics.
   Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
     https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics
   No analytics have been recorded yet (nor will be during this `brew` run).
   
   ==> Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:
     https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations
   
   ==> Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-bottles/pcre-8.45.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
   ######################################################################## 100.0%
   ==> Pouring pcre-8.45.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
   🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/pcre/8.45: 204 files, 5.8MB
   ==> Running `brew cleanup pcre`...
   Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
   Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
   

b、安装zlib

1. 执行命令 brew install zlib

2. 命令执行如下：
   

   (base) C02ZT6HWLVDL:nginx-1.22.1 alsc$ brew install zlib
   ==> Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-bottles/zlib-1.2.13.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
   ######################################################################## 100.0%
   ==> Pouring zlib-1.2.13.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
   ==> Caveats
   zlib is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
   because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
   parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.
   
   For compilers to find zlib you may need to set:
     export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib"
     export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include"
   
   ==> Summary
   🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/zlib/1.2.13: 13 files, 424.9KB
   ==> Running `brew cleanup zlib`...
   Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
   Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
   

c、安装openssl

1. 执行命令 brew install openssl

2. 命令执行如下：
   
   

   (base) C02ZT6HWLVDL:nginx-1.22.1 alsc$ brew install openssl
   ==> Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-bottles/ca-certificates-2022-10-11.all.bottle.tar
   ######################################################################## 100.0%
   ==> Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-bottles/openssl%403-3.0.7.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
   ######################################################################## 100.0%
   ==> Installing dependencies for openssl@3: ca-certificates
   ==> Installing openssl@3 dependency: ca-certificates
   ==> Pouring ca-certificates-2022-10-11.all.bottle.tar.gz
   ==> Regenerating CA certificate bundle from keychain, this may take a while...
   🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/ca-certificates/2022-10-11: 3 files, 225.4KB
   ==> Installing openssl@3
   ==> Pouring openssl@3-3.0.7.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
   ==> Caveats
   A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
   keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
     /usr/local/etc/openssl@3/certs
   
   and run
     /usr/local/opt/openssl@3/bin/c_rehash
   
   openssl@3 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
   because macOS provides LibreSSL.
   
   If you need to have openssl@3 first in your PATH, run:
     echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@3/bin:$PATH"' >> /Users/alsc/.bash_profile
   
   For compilers to find openssl@3 you may need to set:
     export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@3/lib"
     export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@3/include"
   
   ==> Summary
   🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@3/3.0.7: 6,454 files, 28.4MB
   ==> Running `brew cleanup openssl@3`...
   Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
   Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
   ==> Caveats
   ==> openssl@3
   A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
   keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
     /usr/local/etc/openssl@3/certs
   
   and run
     /usr/local/opt/openssl@3/bin/c_rehash
   
   openssl@3 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
   because macOS provides LibreSSL.
   
   If you need to have openssl@3 first in your PATH, run:
     echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@3/bin:$PATH"' >> /Users/alsc/.bash_profile
   
   For compilers to find openssl@3 you may need to set:
     export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@3/lib"
     export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@3/include"
   

2、下载nginx

官网：http://nginx.org/

3、安装

1. 我这里下载的是1.22.1的包，将你下载的 nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz 放在你想放的路径，
2. 解压：tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz
3. 编译：sudo ./configure，sudo是 super user do 的简称，使用管理员执行命令，主要是为辅助超级管理员完成一些超级管理员不能登录下的操作
4. 安装：sudo make && make install
5. 安装完成

4、 安装的异常：Permission denied

最后执行流程截图，发现异常：

/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make -f objs/Makefile install
test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'
mkdir: /usr/local/nginx: Permission denied
make[1]: *** [install] Error 1
make: *** [install] Error 2
(base) C02ZT6HWLVDL:nginx-1.22.1 alsc$ ls

意思应该是创建文件夹没有权限，导致make install错误，安装错误。
所以手动创建，并改权限即可

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx
sudo chmod -R 777 /usr/local/nginx
sudo make && make install

执行完安装命令，则显示如下，无报错信息，能发现 /usr/local/nginx/ 已经有了数据，则success

然后：

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx

输入地址 http://localhost:80 看到如图内容，即nginx部署成功
补充说明：每次启动会麻烦可以建立全局变量
方案一：ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/
方案二：
vi /etc/profile
export NGINX_HOME=/usr/local/nginx
export PATH= P A T H :NGINX_HOME/sbin
source /etc/profile
配置后启动：
nginx