了解Dockerfile中的一些相似命令

简介: Docker操作 (十一)

Dockerfile中很多命令都很相似,我们需要了解它们的区别,最好的学习方法就是对他们进行对比测试。

实战:Tomcat镜像
1、准备镜像文件tomcat 压缩包,jdk的压缩包

image.png

2、编写dockerfile 文件,官方命名Dockerfile, build 会自动寻找这个文件,就可以不需要-f指定了

在mac系统环境,能够执行

FROM centos
MAINTAINER bruce_liu<1134593154@qq.com>

COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt

ADD jdk-8u261-macosx-x64.dmg.zip /usr/local/
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.56.tar.gz /usr/local/

RUN yum -y install vim

ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH

ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_261
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.56
ENV CATALINA_BASH /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.56
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin

EXPOSE 8080

CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.56/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.56/logs/catalina.out
# 在centos7系统测试
FROM centos
MAINTAINER bruce_liu<1134593154@qq.com>

COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt

ADD jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz  /usr/local/
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.33.tar.gz  /usr/local/


RUN yum -y install vim


ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH

ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk-17.0.1
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33
ENV CATALINA_BASH /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin

EXPOSE 8080

CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/logs/catalina.out

3、构建镜像

# 由于是官方标准命名Dockerfile,所以不用添加参数-f 最后一定要加上.
# 在mac系统环境能够执行,正常生成镜像,但是按结尾提示执行docker scan会报错。
# 如果在centos7环境一切正常,目前没有找到解决办法
root@liuxiaoweideAir tomcat # docker build -t diytomcat .
[+] Building 83.8s (11/11) FINISHED                                                                                  
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                            0.3s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 681B                                                                            0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                               0.4s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                 0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:latest                                                0.0s
 => CACHED [1/6] FROM docker.io/library/centos                                                                  0.0s
 => [internal] load build context                                                                              24.9s
 => => transferring context: 213.39MB                                                                          24.7s
 => [2/6] COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt                                                                 0.7s
 => [3/6] ADD jdk-8u261-macosx-x64.dmg.zip /usr/local/                                                          1.8s
 => [4/6] ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.56.tar.gz /usr/local/                                                           2.4s
 => [5/6] RUN yum -y install vim                                                                               44.7s
 => [6/6] WORKDIR /usr/local                                                                                    0.8s
 => exporting to image                                                                                          7.2s 
 => => exporting layers                                                                                         7.1s 
 => => writing image sha256:ab919c75922607c3239f6634b06651870d267a4a94589c82ccd319fda610b882                    0.0s 
 => => naming to docker.io/library/diytomcat                                                                    0.0s 

Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them
root@liuxiaoweideAir tomcat # docker images 
REPOSITORY                        TAG                                        IMAGE ID       CREATED              SIZE
diytomcat                         latest                                     ab919c759226   About a minute ago   527MB
# 在centos7测试
# 由于是官方标准命名Dockerfile,所以不用添加参数-f 最后一定要加上.
[root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t diytomcat .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  190.3MB
Step 1/15 : FROM centos
 ---> 5d0da3dc9764
Step 2/15 : MAINTAINER bruce_liu<1134593154@qq.com>
 ---> Running in b22cb9028743
Removing intermediate container b22cb9028743
 ---> be05f2b3b86b
Step 3/15 : COPY readme.txt /usr/local/readme.txt
 ---> 1026e7aab5a8
Step 4/15 : ADD jdk-17_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz  /usr/local/
 ---> de54e65e0916
Step 5/15 : ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.33.tar.gz  /usr/local/
 ---> 5f002ff16d92
Step 6/15 : RUN yum -y install vim
 ---> Running in 2622ef5a0401
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream                      4.3 MB/s | 8.4 MB     00:01
CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS                         875 kB/s | 4.6 MB     00:05
CentOS Linux 8 - Extras                          13 kB/s |  10 kB     00:00
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package             Arch        Version                   Repository      Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 vim-enhanced        x86_64      2:8.0.1763-16.el8         appstream      1.4 M
Installing dependencies:
 gpm-libs            x86_64      1.20.7-17.el8             appstream       39 k
 vim-common          x86_64      2:8.0.1763-16.el8         appstream      6.3 M
 vim-filesystem      noarch      2:8.0.1763-16.el8         appstream       49 k
 which               x86_64      2.21-16.el8               baseos          49 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  5 Packages
Total download size: 7.8 M
Installed size: 30 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64.rpm        355 kB/s |  39 kB     00:00
(2/5): vim-filesystem-8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch.rp 1.1 MB/s |  49 kB     00:00
(3/5): vim-enhanced-8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64.rpm  1.7 MB/s | 1.4 MB     00:00
(4/5): vim-common-8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64.rpm    5.8 MB/s | 6.3 MB     00:01
(5/5): which-2.21-16.el8.x86_64.rpm              44 kB/s |  49 kB     00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           2.1 MB/s | 7.8 MB     00:03
warning: /var/cache/dnf/appstream-02e86d1c976ab532/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8483c65d: NOKEY
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream                       66 kB/s | 1.6 kB     00:00
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
 Userid     : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1
  Installing       : which-2.21-16.el8.x86_64                               1/5
  Installing       : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch                2/5
  Installing       : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64                    3/5
  Installing       : gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64                          4/5
  Running scriptlet: gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64                          4/5
  Installing       : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64                  5/5
  Running scriptlet: vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64                  5/5
  Running scriptlet: vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64                    5/5
  Verifying        : gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64                          1/5
  Verifying        : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64                    2/5
  Verifying        : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64                  3/5
  Verifying        : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch                4/5
  Verifying        : which-2.21-16.el8.x86_64                               5/5
Installed:
  gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64         vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64
  vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch
  which-2.21-16.el8.x86_64

Complete!
Removing intermediate container 2622ef5a0401
 ---> 57606bc79c81
Step 7/15 : ENV MYPATH /usr/local
 ---> Running in a2c900e33b46
Removing intermediate container a2c900e33b46
 ---> c536dc330700
Step 8/15 : WORKDIR $MYPATH
 ---> Running in 70aede458361
Removing intermediate container 70aede458361
 ---> a4757b245dd7
Step 9/15 : ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk-17.0.1
 ---> Running in cbdbbd45a77d
Removing intermediate container cbdbbd45a77d
 ---> 29a5fec095c0
Step 10/15 : ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
 ---> Running in 44cc4bc03fff
Removing intermediate container 44cc4bc03fff
 ---> 7ee1d774dec6
Step 11/15 : ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33
---> Running in 7aedcdacefca
Removing intermediate container 7aedcdacefca
 ---> d51a4835e53b
Step 12/15 : ENV CATALINA_BASH /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33
 ---> Running in c5545d41cfe0
Removing intermediate container c5545d41cfe0
 ---> 3ca740e8fb50
Step 13/15 : ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
 ---> Running in 11e9db1569cc
Removing intermediate container 11e9db1569cc
 ---> fa987bac62df
Step 14/15 : EXPOSE 8080
 ---> Running in c3f3b3bf9010
Removing intermediate container c3f3b3bf9010
 ---> a9f6ace395f0
Step 15/15 : CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/logs/catalina.out
 ---> Running in 5f8629ecaac4
Removing intermediate container 5f8629ecaac4
 ---> c5e5274bde3b
Successfully built c5e5274bde3b
Successfully tagged diytomcat:latest

4、启动镜像

# 在centos7环境成功
[root@localhost tomcat]#  docker run -d -p 9090:8080 --name bruceliutomcat -v /home/bruce_liu/build/tomcat/test:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/webapps/test -v /home/bruce_liu/build/tomcat/tomcatlogs:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.33/logs diytomcat
97d08b3ba87ae920cf3fdabfa6b03e9e827310b79c3e9f14db471a1ea65b499f

5、访问测试
6、发布项目(由于做了卷挂载,我们直接在本地编写项目就可以发布)
# 例如在test文件夹下建立WEB-INFO文件夹,然后编辑web.xml
<html>
  <body>
  <script>
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
{
   // code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
else
{
   // code for IE6, IE5
xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
xmlhttp.open("GET","cd_catalog.xml",false);
xmlhttp.send();
xmlDoc=xmlhttp.responseXML;

document.write("<table border='1'>");
var x=xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("CD");
for (i=0;i<x.length;i++)
{
   
document.write("<tr><td>");
document.write(x[i].getElementsByTagName("ARTIST")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);
document.write("</td><td>");
document.write(x[i].getElementsByTagName("TITLE")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);
document.write("</td></tr>");
}
document.write("</table>");
</script>


  </body>
</html>
# 在宿主机的test路径下建一个文件index.jsp
# 在外网访问成功
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Bruce_liu</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello Bruce_liu!<br/>
<%
out.println("你的 IP 地址 " + request.getRemoteAddr());
%>
</body>
</html>

image.png

结果:项目部署成功,可以直接访问!✌️

题外话:

假设以后搞开发,那么需要掌握Dockerfile的编写,所有项目一律都使用docker镜像发布运行!

相关文章
|
6月前
|
缓存 Ubuntu 应用服务中间件
dockerfile文件详解(常用命令)
dockerfile文件详解(常用命令)
114 0
|
11月前
|
缓存 Shell Go
dockerfile介绍与使用
dockerfile介绍与使用
102 1
|
Linux 应用服务中间件 开发工具
dockerfile
dockerfile
104 0
|
缓存 Shell Go
DockerFile文件详解
DockerFile文件详解
203 0
|
Go 容器
一文了解 Dockerfile 鲜为人知的一面
Hello folks,今天给大家介绍一下如何在 Dockerfile 中进行 Go 代码编写及运用(备注:此处暂不关注所部署的容器大小及性能问题)。
92 0
|
应用服务中间件 Shell nginx
|
Ubuntu Shell 开发工具
DockerFile
DockerFile
87 0
|
运维 Shell Linux
Dockerfile 深入理解
Dockerfile 深入理解
228 0
Dockerfile 深入理解
|
存储 Java 应用服务中间件
DockerFile理解和使用
Dockerfile构建镜像是以基础镜像为基础的,Dockerfile是一个文本文件,内容是用户编写的一些docker指令,每一条指令构建一层,因此每一条指令的内容,就是描述该层应当如何构建。 Dockerfile的基本指令有十三个,分别是:FROM、MAINTAINER、RUN、CMD、EXPOSE、ENV、ADD、COPY、ENTRYPOINT、VOLUME、USER、WORKDIR、ONBUILD
186 0
DockerFile理解和使用
|
Java Linux 开发工具
Dockerfile详解
Dockerfile详解
148 0