作者:尹正杰
版权声明:原创作品,谢绝转载!否则将追究法律责任。
一.安装Apache Httpd及准备测试数据
1>.试验架构说明
node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Haproxy服务器
node105.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
测试服务器,模拟客户端
node106.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Apache httpd服务器
node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Apache httpd服务器
node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
Apache httpd服务器
2>.安装Apache httpd服务
此过程相对简单,我这里就直接略过了,可参考我之前的笔记:https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/12114195.html
二.HAProxy自定义错误页面案例实战
1>.编辑haproxy的配置文件
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
maxconn 100000
chroot /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy
stats socket /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/haproxy.sock mode 600 level admin
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
nbproc 2
cpu-map 1 0
cpu-map 2 1
nbthread 2
pidfile /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/haproxy.pid
log 127.0.0.1 local5 info
defaults
option http-keep-alive
option forwardfor
option redispatch
option abortonclose
maxconn 100000
mode http
timeout connect 300000ms
timeout client 300000ms
timeout server 300000ms
#自定义错误页面跳转,需要在本地系统存在哟
errorfile 500 /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/500.html
errorfile 502 /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/502.html
errorfile 503 /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/503.html
listen status_page
bind 172.30.1.102:8888
stats enable
stats uri /haproxy-status
stats auth admin:yinzhengjie
stats realm "Welcome to the haproxy load balancer status page of YinZhengjie"
stats hide-version
stats admin if TRUE
stats refresh 5s
frontend WEB_PORT_80
bind 172.30.1.102:80
mode http
acl my_pc_page hdr_dom(host) -i pc.yinzhengjie.org.cn
acl firefox_agent hdr(User-Agent) -m sub -i "Firefox"
redirect prefix https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/ if my_pc_page
use_backend firefox_web if firefox_agent
default_backend backup_web
backend firefox_web
server web01 172.30.1.106:80 check inter 3000 fall 3 rise 5
server web02 172.30.1.107:80 check inter 3000 fall 3 rise 5
backend backup_web
server web03 172.30.1.108:80 check inter 3000 fall 3 rise 5
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl restart haproxy #别忘记了重启haproxy服务使得配置生效哟~可以查看状态页观察服务是否正常,如下图所示。
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.在haproxy节点准备测试的错误页面(实际工作中我们应该让开发来准备,运维一把情况下并不负责页面开发)
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 21 Jan 1 11:41 doc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6 Jan 5 16:44 haproxy.pid
srw------- 1 root root 0 Jan 5 16:44 haproxy.sock
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 21 Jan 1 11:41 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 17 Jan 1 11:41 share
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir -pv /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html
mkdir: created directory ‘/yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html’
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795 Jan 5 17:21 500.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795 Jan 5 17:21 502.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 795 Jan 5 17:22 503.html
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/500.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
.box1{
color: red;
font-family: "curlz mt","华文彩云","arial", "微软雅黑";
}
#box2{
color: yellowgreen;
}
a:link{
color: yellowgreen;
}
/**
* 访问过的链接
*/
a:visited{
color: red;
}
/**
* 鼠标移入
*/
a:hover{
color: orange;
}
/**
* 正在点击
*/
a:active{
color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="box1">您访问的网站正在维护中,请稍后再来访问,报错码:500</h1>
<h3 id = "box2">如有疑问请联系运维工程师: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/">尹正杰</a></h3>
</body>
</html>
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/500.html
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/502.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
.box1{
color: red;
font-family: "curlz mt","华文彩云","arial", "微软雅黑";
}
#box2{
color: yellowgreen;
}
a:link{
color: yellowgreen;
}
/**
* 访问过的链接
*/
a:visited{
color: red;
}
/**
* 鼠标移入
*/
a:hover{
color: orange;
}
/**
* 正在点击
*/
a:active{
color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="box1">您访问的网站正在维护中,请稍后再来访问,报错码:502</h1>
<h3 id = "box2">如有疑问请联系运维工程师: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/">尹正杰</a></h3>
</body>
</html>
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/502.html
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/503.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
.box1{
color: red;
font-family: "curlz mt","华文彩云","arial", "微软雅黑";
}
#box2{
color: yellowgreen;
}
a:link{
color: yellowgreen;
}
/**
* 访问过的链接
*/
a:visited{
color: red;
}
/**
* 鼠标移入
*/
a:hover{
color: orange;
}
/**
* 正在点击
*/
a:active{
color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="box1">您访问的网站正在维护中,请稍后再来访问,报错码:503</h1>
<h3 id = "box2">如有疑问请联系运维工程师: <a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/">尹正杰</a></h3>
</body>
</html>
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/haproxy/html/503.html
3>.使用浏览器访问"http://node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn/",如下图所示。
4>.手动将后端的"node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn"节点的Apache httpd服务下线
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl stop httpd
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
5>.再次使用浏览器访问"http://node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn/",如下图所示。