在创建进程或者线程的时候,会调用copy_process,可以看到如下逻辑:
/* ok, now we should be set up.. */ p->pid = pid_nr(pid); if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) { p->group_leader = current->group_leader; p->tgid = current->tgid; } else { p->group_leader = p; p->tgid = p->pid; } ...... if (likely(p->pid)) { ptrace_init_task(p, (clone_flags & CLONE_PTRACE) || trace); init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, pid); if (thread_group_leader(p)) { init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_TGID, pid); init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, task_pgrp(current)); init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, task_session(current)); if (is_child_reaper(pid)) { ns_of_pid(pid)->child_reaper = p; p->signal->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE; } p->signal->shared_pending.signal = delayed.signal; p->signal->tty = tty_kref_get(current->signal->tty); /* * Inherit has_child_subreaper flag under the same * tasklist_lock with adding child to the process tree * for propagate_has_child_subreaper optimization. */ p->signal->has_child_subreaper = p->real_parent->signal->has_child_subreaper || p->real_parent->signal->is_child_subreaper; list_add_tail(&p->sibling, &p->real_parent->children); list_add_tail_rcu(&p->tasks, &init_task.tasks); attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_TGID); attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID); attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID); __this_cpu_inc(process_counts); } else { current->signal->nr_threads++; current->signal->quick_threads++; atomic_inc(¤t->signal->live); refcount_inc(¤t->signal->sigcnt); task_join_group_stop(p); list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_group, &p->group_leader->thread_group); list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_node, &p->signal->thread_head); } attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID); nr_threads++; }
如果创建的是进程,那么task_struct的group_leader指向自己,如果创建的是线程,那么task_struct的group_leader指向这个进程的主线程,并且通过task_struct的thread_group成员将进程里的所有线程串起来,所以只要知道任意一个线程的tid,就可以使用下面的命令来输出一个进程里的所有线程的: