1、查看内核版本

• cat /proc/version
• uname -a
• uname -r

(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.0.0-32-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-015) (gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)) #34~18.04.2-Ubuntu SMP Thu Oct 10 10:36:02 UTC 2019
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ uname -r
5.0.0-32-generic
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ uname -a
Linux zhihui-mint 5.0.0-32-generic #34~18.04.2-Ubuntu SMP Thu Oct 10 10:36:02 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2、查看linux版本信息

• lsb_release -a
• cat /etc/issue

(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:    LinuxMint
Description:    Linux Mint 19.3 Tricia
Release:    19.3
Codename:    tricia
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ cat /etc/issue
Linux Mint 19.3 Tricia \n \l

3、查看linux是64为还是32位

• getconf LONG_BIT
• file /bin/ls

(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ getconf LONG_BIT
64
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ file /bin/ls
/bin/ls: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=9567f9a28e66f4d7ec4baf31cfbf68d0410f0ae6, stripped
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$

4、直接查看系统的架构

• dpkg --print-architecture
• arch
• file /lib/systemd/systemd

(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ dpkg --print-architecture 
amd64
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ 
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ arch
x86_64
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ 
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ file /lib/systemd/systemd
/lib/systemd/systemd: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=85c772a89c42ba78383dec576b414b2b953cbe41, stripped
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$

关于CPU架构是x86、x86_64、amd64的叫法区别

5 查看Mint系统对应的Ubuntu系统

参考

1、使用cat /etc/os-release命令也可以获取到 Ubuntu 代号

(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Linux Mint"
VERSION="19.3 (Tricia)"
ID=linuxmint
ID_LIKE=ubuntu
PRETTY_NAME="Linux Mint 19.3"
VERSION_ID="19.3"
HOME_URL="https://www.linuxmint.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://forums.linuxmint.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://linuxmint-troubleshooting-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.linuxmint.com/"
VERSION_CODENAME=tricia
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$

2、使用 cat /etc/upstream-release/lsb-release 只获取 Ubuntu 的基本信息

(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ cat  /etc/upstream-release/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04 LTS"
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$

注意：

x86_64，x64，AMD64基本上是同一个东西

• x86是intel开发的一种32位指令集
• x84_64是CPU迈向64位的时候
• x86_64是一种64位的指令集，x86_64是x86指令的超集，在x86上可以运行的程序，在x86_64上也可以运行，x86_64是AMD发明的，也叫AMD64

现在用的intel/amd的桌面级CPU基本上都是x86_64，与之相对的arm、pcc等都不是x86_64