MS SQL 合并结果集并求和

业务情景：有这样一张表：其中Id列为表主键，Name为用户名，State为记录的状态值，Note为状态的说明，方便阅读。

需求描述：需要查询出这样的结果：某个人某种状态的记录数，如：张三，待审核记录数，审核中记录数，审核通过记录数；大概像这样：

解决方案：

1.建表和初始化测试数据： 

--1.建表语句
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Content]
(
	[Id] [int] NULL,
	[Name]   [nvarchar](50) NULL,
	[State]  [int] NULL,
	[Note]   [nvarchar](50) NULL,
)  
GO
--2.初始化数据
INSERT INTO CONTENT VALUES(1,'张三',1,'待审核')
INSERT INTO CONTENT VALUES(2,'张三',2,'审核中')
INSERT INTO CONTENT VALUES(3,'张三',2,'审核中')
INSERT INTO CONTENT VALUES(4,'李四',1,'待审核')
INSERT INTO CONTENT VALUES(5,'李四',2,'审核中')
INSERT INTO CONTENT VALUES(5,'李四',3,'审核通过')</span>

SELECT NAME,
       SUM(审核通过) AS '审核通过',
       SUM(待审核) AS '待审核',
       SUM(审核中) AS '审核中'
FROM   (
           (
               SELECT NAME,
                      COUNT(*) AS '审核通过',
                      0 AS '审核中',
                      0 AS '待审核'
               FROM   CONTENT
               WHERE  [STATE] = 3
                      AND NAME IN ('张三', '李四')
               GROUP BY
                      NAME
           ) 
           
           UNION 
           
           (
               SELECT NAME,
                      0 AS '审核通过',
                      COUNT(*) AS '审核中',
                      0 AS '待审核'
               FROM   CONTENT
               WHERE  [STATE] = 2
                      AND NAME IN ('张三', '李四')
               GROUP BY
                      NAME
           ) 
           UNION 
           (
               SELECT NAME,
                      0 AS '审核通过',
                      0 AS '审核中',
                      COUNT(*) AS '待审核'
               FROM   CONTENT
               WHERE  [STATE] = 1
                      AND NAME IN ('张三', '李四')
               GROUP BY
                      NAME
           )
       )temp
GROUP BY
       NAME</span>

这里用到两个知识点：

1.UNION 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。请注意，UNION 内部的 SELECT 语句必须拥有相同数量的列。列也必须拥有相似的数据类型。同时，每条 SELECT 语句中的列的顺序必须相同。

2.GROUP BY + 聚合函数(如SUM, COUNT, MAX, AVG等)统计数据。