问题一:为什么 C++20 的协程代码比其他语言的协程 demo 长很多?
为什么 C++20 的协程代码比其他语言的协程 demo 长很多?
参考回答:
C++20 的协程代码比其他语言的协程 demo 长很多,是因为 C++ 想让程序员可以定制协程创建和执行的任意一个阶段的任意步骤的行为。为了实现这一目的,必须定义足够多的回调函数来定义每个阶段的行为,这增加了代码的复杂性。
关于本问题的更多回答可点击原文查看:https://developer.aliyun.com/ask/632254
问题二:在提供的 demo 中,TaskPromise 结构体起到了什么作用?
#include
#include
template
struct Awaiter {
bool await_ready() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_ready: " << READY << std::endl;
return READY;
}
void await_resume() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_resume" << std::endl;
}
void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<>) noexcept {
std::cout << "await_suspend" << std::endl;
}
};
struct TaskPromise {
struct promise_type {
TaskPromise get_return_object() {
std::cout << "get_return_object" << std::endl;
return TaskPromise{std::coroutine_handle::from_promise(*this)};
}
Awaiter initial_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "initial_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
Awaiter final_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "final_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
void unhandled_exception() {
std::cout << "unhandled_exception" << std::endl;
}
void return_void() noexcept {
std::cout << "return_void" << std::endl;
}
};
void resume() {
std::cout << "resume" << std::endl;
handle.resume();
}
std::coroutine_handle handle;
};
TaskPromise task_func() {
std::cout << "task first run" << std::endl;
co_await Awaiter{};
std::cout << "task resume" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
auto promise = task_func();
promise.resume();
return 0;
}
在提供的 demo 中,TaskPromise 结构体起到了什么作用?
#include
#include
template
struct Awaiter {
bool await_ready() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_ready: " << READY << std::endl;
return READY;
}
void await_resume() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_resume" << std::endl;
}
void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<>) noexcept {
std::cout << "await_suspend" << std::endl;
}
};
struct TaskPromise {
struct promise_type {
TaskPromise get_return_object() {
std::cout << "get_return_object" << std::endl;
return TaskPromise{std::coroutine_handle::from_promise(*this)};
}
Awaiter initial_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "initial_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
Awaiter final_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "final_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
void unhandled_exception() {
std::cout << "unhandled_exception" << std::endl;
}
void return_void() noexcept {
std::cout << "return_void" << std::endl;
}
};
void resume() {
std::cout << "resume" << std::endl;
handle.resume();
}
std::coroutine_handle handle;
};
TaskPromise task_func() {
std::cout << "task first run" << std::endl;
co_await Awaiter{};
std::cout << "task resume" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
auto promise = task_func();
promise.resume();
return 0;
}
参考回答:
TaskPromise 结构体用于定义协程的承诺(Promise)类型。它包含了一个 std::coroutine_handle 类型的成员变量 handle,用于管理协程的执行。同时,TaskPromise 的嵌套结构体 promise_type 定义了协程创建和执行过程中所需的各种回调函数,如 get_return_object、initial_suspend、final_suspend 等。
关于本问题的更多回答可点击原文查看:https://developer.aliyun.com/ask/632255
问题三:co_await Awaiter{}; 这行代码在协程中起到了什么作用?
#include
#include
template
struct Awaiter {
bool await_ready() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_ready: " << READY << std::endl;
return READY;
}
void await_resume() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_resume" << std::endl;
}
void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<>) noexcept {
std::cout << "await_suspend" << std::endl;
}
};
struct TaskPromise {
struct promise_type {
TaskPromise get_return_object() {
std::cout << "get_return_object" << std::endl;
return TaskPromise{std::coroutine_handle::from_promise(*this)};
}
Awaiter initial_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "initial_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
Awaiter final_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "final_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
void unhandled_exception() {
std::cout << "unhandled_exception" << std::endl;
}
void return_void() noexcept {
std::cout << "return_void" << std::endl;
}
};
void resume() {
std::cout << "resume" << std::endl;
handle.resume();
}
std::coroutine_handle handle;
};
TaskPromise task_func() {
std::cout << "task first run" << std::endl;
co_await Awaiter{};
std::cout << "task resume" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
auto promise = task_func();
promise.resume();
return 0;
}
co_await Awaiter{}; 这行代码在协程中起到了什么作用?
#include
#include
template
struct Awaiter {
bool await_ready() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_ready: " << READY << std::endl;
return READY;
}
void await_resume() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_resume" << std::endl;
}
void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<>) noexcept {
std::cout << "await_suspend" << std::endl;
}
};
struct TaskPromise {
struct promise_type {
TaskPromise get_return_object() {
std::cout << "get_return_object" << std::endl;
return TaskPromise{std::coroutine_handle::from_promise(*this)};
}
Awaiter initial_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "initial_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
Awaiter final_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "final_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
void unhandled_exception() {
std::cout << "unhandled_exception" << std::endl;
}
void return_void() noexcept {
std::cout << "return_void" << std::endl;
}
};
void resume() {
std::cout << "resume" << std::endl;
handle.resume();
}
std::coroutine_handle handle;
};
TaskPromise task_func() {
std::cout << "task first run" << std::endl;
co_await Awaiter{};
std::cout << "task resume" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
auto promise = task_func();
promise.resume();
return 0;
}
参考回答:
这行代码在协程中起到了挂起(Suspend)协程执行的作用。它调用 Awaiter 类型的对象的 await_suspend 方法,该方法负责将协程的执行状态保存到堆上,并将控制权交还给调用者。当协程需要恢复执行时,可以通过调用协程句柄的 resume 方法来实现。
关于本问题的更多回答可点击原文查看:https://developer.aliyun.com/ask/632257
问题四:在下面这个 demo 中,unhandled_exception 方法的作用是什么?
#include
#include
template
struct Awaiter {
bool await_ready() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_ready: " << READY << std::endl;
return READY;
}
void await_resume() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_resume" << std::endl;
}
void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<>) noexcept {
std::cout << "await_suspend" << std::endl;
}
};
struct TaskPromise {
struct promise_type {
TaskPromise get_return_object() {
std::cout << "get_return_object" << std::endl;
return TaskPromise{std::coroutine_handle::from_promise(*this)};
}
Awaiter initial_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "initial_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
Awaiter final_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "final_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
void unhandled_exception() {
std::cout << "unhandled_exception" << std::endl;
}
void return_void() noexcept {
std::cout << "return_void" << std::endl;
}
};
void resume() {
std::cout << "resume" << std::endl;
handle.resume();
}
std::coroutine_handle handle;
};
TaskPromise task_func() {
std::cout << "task first run" << std::endl;
co_await Awaiter{};
std::cout << "task resume" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
auto promise = task_func();
promise.resume();
return 0;
}
在下面这个 demo 中,unhandled_exception 方法的作用是什么?
#include
#include
template
struct Awaiter {
bool await_ready() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_ready: " << READY << std::endl;
return READY;
}
void await_resume() noexcept {
std::cout << "await_resume" << std::endl;
}
void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<>) noexcept {
std::cout << "await_suspend" << std::endl;
}
};
struct TaskPromise {
struct promise_type {
TaskPromise get_return_object() {
std::cout << "get_return_object" << std::endl;
return TaskPromise{std::coroutine_handle::from_promise(*this)};
}
Awaiter initial_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "initial_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
Awaiter final_suspend() noexcept {
std::cout << "final_suspend" << std::endl;
return {};
}
void unhandled_exception() {
std::cout << "unhandled_exception" << std::endl;
}
void return_void() noexcept {
std::cout << "return_void" << std::endl;
}
};
void resume() {
std::cout << "resume" << std::endl;
handle.resume();
}
std::coroutine_handle handle;
};
TaskPromise task_func() {
std::cout << "task first run" << std::endl;
co_await Awaiter{};
std::cout << "task resume" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
auto promise = task_func();
promise.resume();
return 0;
}
参考回答:
unhandled_exception 方法是协程承诺(Promise)类型中的一个回调函数,用于处理协程执行过程中未捕获的异常。当协程中抛出了未被捕获的异常时,编译器会自动调用该方法。在这个 demo 中,unhandled_exception 方法只是简单地打印了一条错误信息。
关于本问题的更多回答可点击原文查看:https://developer.aliyun.com/ask/632260
问题五:如何理解编译器将协程代码展开成更复杂的代码的过程?
如何理解编译器将协程代码展开成更复杂的代码的过程?
参考回答:
编译器将协程代码展开成更复杂的代码的过程可以看作是一种代码生成(Code Generation)技术。编译器通过分析协程代码中的 co_await、co_return 等特殊语法,以及程序员定义的协程承诺(Promise)类型中的回调函数,生成出能够正确管理协程执行状态的代码。这些生成的代码会处理协程的挂起、恢复、异常处理等操作,以确保协程能够按照预期的方式执行。
关于本问题的更多回答可点击原文查看:https://developer.aliyun.com/ask/632261