一 修改配置文件
1.1 下载解压
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/kubernetes/ [root@k8smaster01 kubernetes]# tar -xzvf kubernetes-src.tar.gz
提示：k8smaster01节点已解压完毕，可直接修改配置。
1.2 修改配置
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard [root@k8smaster01 dashboard]# vi dashboard-service.yaml …… type: NodePort #增加此行，使用node形式访问 …… #使用node方式访问dashboard
1.3 修改为国内源
[root@k8smaster01 dashboard]# vi dashboard-controller.yaml …… image: mirrorgooglecontainers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1 ……
提示：将yaml文件中的image字段修改为mirrorgooglecontainers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1。
二 创建 dashboard
2.1 创建dashboard并检查
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard [root@k8smaster01 dashboard]# kubectl apply -f .
2.2 查看分配的NodePort
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kubernetes-dashboard 1/1 1 1 84s [root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl --namespace kube-system get pods -o wide [root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
提示：k8smaster02 NodePort 31181 映射到 dashboard pod 443 端口。
2.3 查看dashboard参数
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl exec --namespace kube-system -it kubernetes-dashboard-7848d45466-bgz94 -- /dashboard --help
提示：dashboard 的 --authentication-mode 支持 token、basic，默认为 token。如果使用 basic，则 kube-apiserver 必须配置 --authorization-mode=ABAC 和 --basic-auth-file 参数。
三 dashboard验证方式
由于Kubernetes默认证书可能过期导致无法访问dashboard，本实验在已成功部署Kubernetes后手动重新创建证书。
3.1 创建证书
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/ [root@k8smaster01 work]# openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048 [root@k8smaster01 work]# openssl rsa -passin pass:x -in dashboard.key -out dashboard.key [root@k8smaster01 work]# openssl req -new -key dashboard.key -out dashboard.csr ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN State or Province Name (full name) []:Shanghai Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Shanghai Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:k8s Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:System [root@k8smaster01 work]# openssl x509 -req -sha256 -days 365 -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt [root@k8smaster01 work]# openssl x509 -noout -text -in ./dashboard.crt #查看证书
3.2 分发证书
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work [root@k8smaster01 work]# source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh [root@k8smaster01 work]# for all_ip in ${ALL_IPS[@]} do echo ">>> ${all_ip}" scp dashboard.* root@${all_ip}:/etc/kubernetes/cert done
3.3 修改默认证书配置
[root@k8smaster01 work]# cd /opt/k8s/work/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard [root@k8smaster01 dashboard]# kubectl delete -f . #删除使用默认证书所创建的dashboard [root@k8smaster01 dashboard]# ll /etc/kubernetes/cert/dashboard.* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.2K Jun 28 18:06 /etc/kubernetes/cert/dashboard.crt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 976 Jun 28 18:06 /etc/kubernetes/cert/dashboard.csr -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.7K Jun 28 18:06 /etc/kubernetes/cert/dashboard.key [root@master dashboard]# kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file="/etc/kubernetes/cert/dashboard.crt,/etc/kubernetes/cert/dashboard.key" -n kube-system #挂载新证书到dashboard [root@master dashboard]# kubectl get secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kube-system -o yaml #查看新证书
3.4 重新部署dashboard
[root@k8smaster01 work]# cd /opt/k8s/work/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard [root@master dashboard]# kubectl apply -f . [root@master dashboard]# kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system | grep dashboard #确认验证
3.5 确认验证
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system [root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl --namespace kube-system get pods -o wide [root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
提示：k8smaster03 NodePort 30938 映射到 dashboard pod 443 端口。
四 访问dashboard
3.1 导入证书
将dashboard.crt导入IE浏览器，并设置为信任，导入操作略。
3.2 访问方式
本实验采用nodeip:nodepord方式访问。
浏览器访问：https://172.24.8.73:30938
提示：
更多dashboard访问方式及认证可参考《附004.Kubernetes Dashboard简介及使用》。
dashboard登录整个流程可参考：https://www.cnadn.net/post/2613.htm
apiserver方式见3.4，Kubeconfig验证方式见《附006.Kubernetes身份认证》中的3.5。
五 验证方式
5.1 创建token
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl create sa dashboard-admin -n kube-system [root@k8smaster01 ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin [root@k8smaster01 ~]# ADMIN_SECRET=$(kubectl get secrets -n kube-system | grep dashboard-admin | awk '{print $1}') [root@k8smaster01 ~]# DASHBOARD_LOGIN_TOKEN=(kubectldescribesecret−nkube−system(kubectl describe secret -n kube-system {ADMIN_SECRET} | grep -E '^token' | awk '{print $2}') [root@k8smaster01 ~]# echo ${DASHBOARD_LOGIN_TOKEN} #输入登录的token eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.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.X1NJsPNaAgV2TzJo0NlqOWFofDYOsSdkeiYHFGQFk5nNy0nbbnfnnoH0yumj_Ld0nGPakIjEpsUq9dqgCazeCpgk5EsygD6UlSg5sYA2sTLswbDoZdS3QzrOjY5MXWD3VDc_OQofD94MZqHMMw7IABVlfVsZ0vMEvHe-Qtyt6EQlFlHq5QjwDX8dCQDKRbwuiCr-Iy_dCWHHIhaT25BREf2viei8sZ497D8h4TXgO_u2CGf3qXRGNXj26VSdD8bT-BFGiDdyuXPbDHPU5LalvxF4WThChRfjO4zHLI2fOXq8BBF6DjbjhtG4X8fLuvJaxF4YWAmVS_78eJHhA3nvRg
3.4 创建kubeconfig文件
使用token相对复杂，可将token添加至kubeconfig文件中，使用KubeConfig 文件访问dashboard。
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/ [root@k8smaster01 work]# source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh [root@k8smaster01 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig # 设置集群参数 [root@k8smaster01 work]# kubectl config set-credentials dashboard_user \ --token=${DASHBOARD_LOGIN_TOKEN} \ --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig # 设置客户端认证参数，使用上面创建的 Token [root@k8smaster01 work]# kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=dashboard_user \ --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig # 设置上下文参数 [root@k8smaster01 work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig # 设置默认上下文，将dashboard.kubeconfig文件导入，以便于浏览器使用该文件登录。
六 正式登录
6.1 kubeconfig访问
浏览器访问：https://172.24.8.73:30938
提示：由于缺少 Heapster 插件，当前 dashboard 不能展示 Pod、Nodes 的 CPU、内存等统计数据和图表。
